Star wars coastal stormtrooper coloring pages. Three heights of george coastal

Born on April 15, 1915 in Ukraine, in the village of Fedorovka, now Karlovsky district of Poltava region, in the family of an employee. After graduating from high school in 1938, he began his career at the Yenakiyevo Metallurgical Plant. In the same year he went to the Red Army. In 1941 he graduated from the Voroshilovograd school of military pilots named after the Proletariat of Donbass.

Member of the Great Patriotic War since June 1942. Was an ordinary pilot, then - flight commander, deputy squadron commander. He fought on the Kalinin, Voronezh, 1st Ukrainian and other fronts.

By April 1945, the squadron commander of the 90th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment (4th Guards Assault Aviation Division, 5th Assault Aviation Corps, 5th Air Army, 2nd Ukrainian Front) Guard Captain G. T. Beregovoi made 108 combat missions. He bombed and stormed enemy tanks, artillery batteries, river crossings and echelons, was shot down 3 times, burned 3 times in an airplane, but always returned to service.

For courage and bravery shown in battles with enemies, on October 26, 1944, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In 1945 he graduated from the higher officer courses, and in 1948 he graduated from the courses of test pilots. In 1948 - 1964 he worked as a test pilot. He mastered over 60 types of aircraft. In 1956 he graduated from the Air Force Academy (now named after Yu.A. Gagarin) without interrupting his main work. On April 14, 1961 he was awarded the title "Honored Test Pilot of the USSR".

In 1963 he was enlisted in the detachment of Soviet cosmonauts. On October 26 - 30, 1968 he made space flight on the Soyuz-3 spacecraft. For space flight, on November 1, 1968 he was awarded the second Gold Star medal of the Hero of the Soviet Union. 1972 - 1987 - Head of the Cosmonaut Training Center. In 1987, he retired with the rank of lieutenant general of aviation.

Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 8th - 10th convocations (1974 - 1989). Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1981). He did a lot of social work. Author of the books "Earth - Stratosphere - Space", "Space - to Earthlings", "Three Heights", "Edge of Courage", "The Sky Begins on Earth", "At the Call of the Heart". He died on June 30, 1995. Buried in Moscow.

Awarded with the orders: Lenin (twice), Red Banner (twice), Alexander Nevsky, Bogdan Khmelnitsky 3rd degree, Red Star (twice), Patriotic War 1st degree (twice); medals. He was awarded the K.E. Tsiolkovsky Gold Medal of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Yu.A. Gagarin Gold Medal (FAI). Hero of Socialist Labor NRB. He was awarded many foreign orders and medals. Honorary Citizen of the cities of Kaluga (Russia), Lugansk, Enakievo, Vinnitsa (Ukraine), Pleven, Sliven (Bulgaria).

186 sorties are listed in the flight book of Georgy Beregovoy. He spent the entire Great Patriotic War at the field airfields of the Western, Kalinin, Central, Steppe, Voronezh and 2nd Ukrainian fronts. He took part in many battles that determined the victorious outcome of the struggle of the Soviet people against the German - fascist invaders... Participated in the liberation of Poland, Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia.

During the war, the pilots of the 90th Guards ShAP were often accompanied by fighter pilots of the 180th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, one of which, Pyotr Panchenko (now a reserve colonel), became a close friend of Georgy Beregovoy. Recalling those harsh days, he writes:

“At the front-line airfield near the Dnieper, our regiment was based together with a regiment of attack aircraft. We flew together on combat missions, covered them more than once. There I met Georgy Beregov. Once, returning from a mission, we noticed a group of Messers. fell down from behind the clouds and, like crows, pounced on the "Ily". One of the Me-109 rushed at the leader's car. I instantly directed my plane at the enemy and set it on fire. When we landed at our airfield, Georgy ran up to me and said: " Thank you, Peter! "We hugged brotherly.

In battles in the Lvov direction, in the Carpathian region, in the Carpathians, the attack aircraft of George Beregovoy and a link of my fighters often flew together on combat missions. Our friendship grew stronger every day. Now, many years later, I recall with pride my front-line friend, who soon became famous throughout the country for a feat accomplished already in space ... "

Three heights of Georgy Beregovoy.

Georgy Timofeevich Beregovoy took three heights in his life. Climbing the first of them - a combat pilot - began on June 25, 1941 in the reconnaissance aviation regiment. He was young - only 20 years old. But he fought skillfully beyond his years. And although the bitter days of retreat filled the heart with hatred, George never lost his head, as if he was doing every task, in the air he acted calmly. At the end of the year, the regiment, where Georgy served, adopted the Il-2 aircraft.

On the Kalinin Front and the Kursk Bulge, over the Dnieper crossings and the long-suffering land of the Right-Bank Ukraine, in the skies of Poland, Romania, Hungary, the Il-2 combat routes of Georgy Beregovoy lay. Death lay in wait for the pilot both on the ground and in the air. But he did not fit into her hands. Lucky? Maybe yes. But not only. The Beregovoy attack aircraft pilot had a cherished rule: "If you don't think, they will shoot you down!" He taught this to his subordinates, and the word did not differ from the deed. On the Il-2 with tail number "22" Georgy was never shot down. In October 1944, Captain Beregovoy was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the courage and heroism of the Guard. And on May 10, 1945, being already a squadron commander, he made his 185th sortie.

After the war, Beregovoy began climbing to the second height, becoming a test pilot. Any test flight is a solution to an equation with many unknowns, in other words, the same combat mission in peacetime. Anything happened: the engine stopped in the air, and control failure, and the failure of the vital systems of the aircraft. But combat experience and the cherished rule came to the rescue every time. Not a single car was thrown in the air by Georgy Timofeevich, not a single one was damaged on the ground. And a lot of them passed through his hands - Yak-17, Yak-25, MiG-17PF, MiG-19G1, Su-9, Tu-28. In 1961 Beregovoy was awarded the title "Honored Test Pilot of the USSR".

But manned astronautics has already burst into the history of mankind, and a new peak appeared on the horizon. In 1964, Georgy Timofeevich achieved enrollment in the cosmonaut corps and completed a full training course. And in October 1968, Colonel Beregovoy launched Soyuz-3 into orbit. For his courage in an orbital test flight, he was awarded the second "Golden Star" of the Hero. In 1972, Beregovoy became the head of the Cosmonaut Training Center, was active in his non-scientific career, and a few years later he defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of psychological sciences.

So three heights were taken in his life by the pilot - attack aircraft, pilot - test, pilot - cosmonaut Georgy Beregovoy, but still he considers the first to be the main one.

All, without exception, people who knew Georgy Beregovoy note: a good, reliable comrade, he knows how to work as much as is necessary to solve the task. If you decide to do something, achieve something, he will do it, he will achieve it. The pilots usually added: he flies great, he knows the technique no worse than an engineer, he is brave, resourceful.

Georgy Timofeevich Beregovoy has a vivid biography. In it, as in a mirror, the glorious heroic path traversed by our people from the Great October Revolution to the present day is reflected, marked by outstanding victories on earth and in space.

Georgy Timofeevich grew up in Yenakiyevo - the city of miners and metallurgists. His childhood coincided with unprecedented events: the first tractors appeared on the fields of collective farms, Magnitka, Dneproges and the Moscow metro were built, the storming of the stratosphere and the first expeditions to the Arctic were undertaken. This was the time when Soviet aviation was created and spread its mighty wings. In the 1930s, Soviet aviation entered the road of great achievements: the heroic epic of the rescue of the Chelyuskinites and the unprecedented flights of the crews of Chkalov and Gromov, the high-altitude and speed records of Kokkinaki, Alekseev, Nyukhtikov. Thousands of boys wanted to be the same brave and skillful pilots - the winners of the air spaces, the winged defenders of the Fatherland's sky. Georgy Beregovoy also dreamed of being like that. George heard a lot about the first Heroes who glorified our Motherland as a great aviation power from his older brother Victor, who worked in the Yenakiyevo flying club in the 1930s.

The country needed pilots in love with the sky, brave, courageous, faithful to duty. She created all the conditions for the youth to make their dreams come true: a network of children's aircraft modeling circles, glider stations, flying clubs, and flight schools grew.

George fell ill with aviation from the age of 10. He was engaged in aircraft modeling, participated in competitions, and when a children's technical station opened in Yenakiyevo, he became an instructor, helped his peers to understand the designs of aircraft models. And he was terribly proud of such trust. And he was then 12 years old.

After the 8th grade I went to work as an apprentice of an electrical fitter at a metallurgical plant. At the age of 15, he managed to persuade his older brother to take him with him to the airfield, where he could touch a real glider. The head of the gliding school Zaryvalov, noticing in the boy's eyes an irrepressible interest in the apparatus, allowed him to sit in his cockpit and work on the rudders. From that day on, Georgy spent all the evenings at the gliding school: he helped to pull out wonderful birds to the start, repair, wash. Eagerly listened to the leader in theoretical classes.

The gliding school was transformed into a flying club. 4 U-2 aircraft landed at the airfield. The glider pilots began to prepare for flights to them. Beregovoi was also preparing. The young locksmith mastered the flight business persistently, stubbornly, selflessly. One of the first he began to perform aerobatics and cope with the role of an instructor. And when a commission arrived in Yenakiyevo to select candidates for the military aviation school, among the first candidates was Georgy Beregovoy. The instructor who checked him in the air stated with satisfaction: this guy will make a good pilot.

A frosty day December 15, 1938 was a mourning day in the country - the famous test pilot Valery Chkalov died. The next day, December 16, 1938, Georgy Beregovoy took the first step into big aviation - he became a cadet of the Luhansk Military Aviation School named after the Proletariat of Donbass and, as it were, took the banner from the hands of the great pilot. It's easy to learn when you love your job and know how to work. It's even easier when you are led by knowledgeable and caring educators. Georgy Beregovoy enthusiastically studied the theory of flight and the design of machines, aerodynamics and engine design. But my favorites were workshops at the airport. He felt the plane with all his being. He was always attracted by the boundless sky, height. The instructor, the commander of the detachment understood the young accountant and generously shared their knowledge and experience with him. Then, young men, Georgy Beregovoy thought that he was just "lucky" to good teachers... Later, he already understood: they, teachers, mentors, like himself, are devoted to their work.

Weeks, months of study ran quickly. The young pilot was sailing more and more confidently. In the spring of 1941, began state exams... By June 20, Beregovoy had all the marks in his record book. There is only one thing left - an order to be assigned to the unit for an internship. The battle alarm, which sounded early Sunday morning on June 22, and the threatening word "war" made it clear that there would be no prom. The young pilots listened with tense faces to the parting words of the head of the school: "You will undergo military training in the fire of war. The enemy is very strong, but we will break the back of fascism, which encroached on the freedom and independence of our Motherland."

He was assigned to the Kalinin Front.

Here, - recalls Georgy Timofeevich, - the names sounded that I first heard in my boyhood years and fell in love: Gromov and Baidukov. Gromov turned out to be the commander of the 3rd Air Army, in the ranks of which I was to fight, and Baidukov commanded one of its divisions. Two famous pilots of the country, two Heroes of the Soviet Union, whose life I decided to take as a model!

Georgy Timofeevich speaks sparingly about his combat activities:

He fought on the Kalinin, Central, Steppe, 1st and 2nd Ukrainian fronts. He spent half the war with his fighting friends in the aviation corps commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolai Petrovich Kamanin. The first flight took place near Rzhev, the last - near the Czech city of Brno. As for combat work, it was enough for our Ilovs: raids on fascist airfields, processing enemy communications, destroying artillery and anti-aircraft positions ...

For almost the entire Great Patriotic War, Georgy Beregovoi flew Il-2 attack aircraft. Particularly difficult tests had to be passed in the initial period of the war. There were not enough fighters to cover the Ilov, and it was often very difficult for single-seat attack aircraft in air combat. The pilot "Ila" could only count on maneuver, fire cover for a neighbor in the formation and on his courage, stamina, resourcefulness, military cunning, all these qualities were shown more than once by Georgy Beregovoy, achieving impeccable performance of the command's combat missions. Later, having already become the leader of the group, by personal example he taught the followers to fight evil, inventively, not to get lost in a difficult situation.

Having defeated the enemy column on the highway near Bohodukhov, the attack squadron, led by Beregov, returned to the airfield. Above the steppe, a group of Me-109s caught up with her, apparently taking off from the ambush airfield. The lieutenant understood that the situation was entirely in favor of the enemy: there were no cover fighters, not a cloud in the sky, not a tree below, just a yellow sea of \u200b\u200bsunflowers. And the enemy is already at the tail of the Ilov. What to do? Beregovoy sharply led the squadron to the ground. When the Nazis were about to open fire on the attack aircraft, in the sights of the Messers, instead of the greenish silhouettes of the Ilov, there was a thick yellowish cloud of sunflower petals. It, like a curtain, hid the stormtroopers. The entire squadron returned safely to the airfield.

The young pilot had someone to learn combat skills from. The division in which he served was commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union Georgy Filippovich Baidukov, and the corps was commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolai Petrovich Kamanin. And Beregovoy eagerly absorbed their experience, creatively applied everything new in battle. So, at one of the analyzes, the division commander recalled that when flying at low altitude over a forest and a swamp, the sound of engines is heard worse. Beregovoi immediately took this into account. In preparation for the sorties, he carefully studied the terrain and, if possible, plotted a route over forests and wetlands. This more than once helped to achieve complete surprise of the strike, fly out in difficult weather conditions when the enemy was not expecting a strike, find a landing site with minimal visibility.

One day, a group of attack aircraft, led by Beregov, flew out to strike an enemy column. Light drizzling rain with snow, low cloud cover reliably covered the "Ily" from enemy observers. The group approached the target so stealthily that the Nazis did not manage to make a single aimed shot. The column was defeated.

The war gradually rolled back from native land... Together with his regiment, Captain Georgy Beregovoy flew farther and farther to the west and Guards. He flew 186 sorties. The Motherland highly appreciated the military work of its faithful son. For courage and combat skill, skillful management of the squadron, he was awarded the Orders of Alexander Nevsky and Bohdan Khmelnitsky, two Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War. In 1944, Georgy Timofeevich Beregovoy was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In May 1945, many of Beregovoy's fellow soldiers began to think about what they would do after the Victory. He had no doubts: only to fly, to guard the skies of the Motherland, to train knowledgeable, courageous pilots. And for this you need to learn yourself. In the summer of 1945, the squadron commander Beregovoy became a student of flight and tactical advanced training courses for command personnel. Returning to the regiment, an experienced warrior, who has become a flagship navigator, lovingly teaches young pilots and persistently improves his skills.

In 1948, having learned about the courses of test pilots, Beregovoy asks to enroll him as a listener. And again he was "lucky": the most skilled test pilots PM Stefanovsky and Yu. A. Antipov became mentors. They conveyed their experience of testing airplanes to the audience, tactfully, thoughtfully developed in them the qualities necessary for those who first try out a new technique, give it a way to the sky or close it: a high sense of responsibility, composure, prudence, instant reaction and decisiveness in action in a difficult environment , a sense of the new, the ability to analyze the behavior of an aircraft in the air and give an extremely accurate assessment of any phenomenon that the tester encounters in flight.

There are days in the life of a tester when an airplane, calculated by designers in accordance with all the rules of science, seemed to suddenly refuse to obey the pilot for no reason. Of course, in such cases there is a way out: to straighten up in the seat, snuggle tightly against the armored backrest, remove your legs from the pedals and, by pressing the catapult lever, in a minute find yourself under the canopy of the parachute. But in these moments of the highest emotional stress the tester is not thinking about himself. He remembers the great trust of the team of people who created the plane. And the pilot enters into the struggle against the unknown, straining his will, knowledge, experience, endurance to the limit. This is the unwritten law of testers.

One day Colonel Beregovoy took off in a new jet fighter. It was necessary to test it at maximum speed. Everything was going fine. The car easily climbed to great altitude, where the sky becomes almost black. Then he transferred the fighter to horizontal flight. The sound barrier has been passed, and the plane is racing faster and faster. And when there was very little left to the calculated maximum speed, the control knob flinched slightly. Why?

Reducing the speed, the pilot pulled the handle towards himself. Didn't go. I tried to move it away with a slight jerk. The handle moved slightly and froze again. The altimeter needle has begun its run towards zero. Beregovoi tried to pull the handle towards himself again. Unsuccessfully. It became clear: the horizontal rudders were jammed. The fighter, bowing its long, sharp nose, raced towards the ground. The height is getting smaller and smaller. Soon it won't be enough to bail out. The pilot sees this, but continues to fight for the life of the plane, forgetting about the danger to his life. At a minimum altitude, he managed to transfer the car to level flight and safely land.

Over the 16 years of work as a tester, there have been many such flights, which required the utmost exertion of all spiritual and physical forces from the pilot. Georgy Timofeevich tested 63 types of aircraft. Both sad and joyful things happened in those years. For this selfless work in the name of strengthening the might of the Motherland, Hero of the Soviet Union G. T. Beregovoy in 1961 was awarded the title of Honored Test Pilot of the USSR.

Special thoughts and feelings, - says Georgy Timofeevich, - of course, aroused in me those flights that could be the last for some reason. There are such flights in the life of test pilots - it's not a secret ...

But he never allowed himself to be complacent with what he had achieved, to rest on his laurels. The noble desire to devote all his strength and abilities to the Motherland led him, an experienced pilot who went through the crucible of war, over 15 years of test work, to the cosmonaut corps - people who open up the vastness of the Universe for mankind.

When Beregovoy came to the Cosmonaut Training Center, he had 43 past years behind him, including 28 years of flight practice. When his report was considered, someone was confused by his age. All the selected candidates turned out to be 10, or even more years younger ... General N. Kamanin met Beregovoy with the same.

I understand, I understand everything! - he said, carefully reading the report. - But I have an order: take no older than 30 years ...

However, Beregovoy could no longer retreat - and achieved his goal. Again study, training, work, work, work. The future cosmonaut turned out to be an energetic man of extraordinary diligence. With youthful enthusiasm, Georgy Beregovoy again took up textbooks, practiced on simulators, studied the most complex technique to the smallest detail. And again he was "lucky" to have teachers and mentors. Everyone - from a famous scientist to an ordinary mechanic in a training laboratory - generously shared their knowledge with him. True, Beregovoy already knew a lot. After all, aviation and astronautics are close relatives. Relatives, but not twins. In space, there are different, their own laws, not exactly the same and not at all those that he took into account when flying in the atmosphere. The accumulated experience had to be refracted, passed through the prism of new knowledge. And Georgy Timofeevich Beregovoy managed to do it. He entered the family of cosmonauts as quickly, simply, naturally, as he once entered the family of attack aircraft of a combat regiment, and then of the renowned unit of test pilots.

Theoretical studies, the study of the material part, physical training, training to the limit fill the working day of the astronauts. Georgy Beregovoy, despite his experience and age, studies on a par with young people, and sometimes a little more. This allowed him to catch up with the younger in age and older in terms of experience in the cosmonaut corps, to become a candidate for the next flight into space.

Georgy Timofeevich Beregovoy also spent many hours on simulators. Each lesson brought him closer to the day that everyone in the cosmonaut corps is waiting for - the day of the main test. And they are all ready for him, and the commission gave him the go-ahead. He came to the commander of the Soyuz-3 spacecraft on October 26, 1968. Four days spent on leading edge the struggle of mankind for the knowledge of the Universe, numerous scientific and technical experiments, perfectly performed at a great altitude at a speed of about 8 kilometers per second, confirmed that the pilot Beregovoy perfectly prepared for the main exam and passed it brilliantly. He conducted a number of new scientific experiments and research necessary for further space exploration. The Soviet people warmly greeted him as a hero, as a winner. The Motherland awarded its brave son with the Order of Lenin and the second Golden Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union for the feat on the Soyuz-3 spacecraft. Honored Test Pilot of the USSR became a pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, Major General of Aviation.

Then for 15 years Beregovoy headed the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. A skillful organizer and educator, a man wise with a great life and professional experience, he continued to explore space - this time by the forces of his pets. In the manned space flights carried out over the years, in the extensive program carried out in the course of their research, tests and experiments, a considerable share of work and Beregovoy ...