In Russia, new large landing ships are being developed. A landing ship of the new generation will receive the Navy of Russia new landing ships

The issue with the supply of two landing ships-helicopter monitoring to Russia "Mistral" turned into an interest in domestic developments in this area. Currently, almost with a 100% probability can be said that France will not give Russia the already built "Mistrals". Under these conditions, the Nevsky Design Design Bureau (PKB) has created a project of an landing ship, which can become an alternative to French ships. In particular, at the booth of the Main Command of the Navy of Russia, within the framework of the Army-2015 Forum, a new universal landing ship of the project "Surbo", developed by the specialists of the Nevsky SCB, was presented in the form of a layout.

This ship has a displacement of about 14 thousand tons with a sediment of 5 meters and is able to carry on board up to 8 Ka-52K and Ka-27 (29) helicopters. A landing ship will be able to develop speed up to 20 nodes, and its diving range will be 6 thousand miles, the autonomy of the campaign is 60 days. The length of the ship will be 165 meters, the width is 25 meters. The universal landing ship of the Project project will be able to transport up to 40-60 units of various techniques and up to 500 paratroopers. UDC will be able to take on board the four landing boats of the project 11770m or two boats of the project 12061m.

DK 12061m "Muren"

CHARACTERISTICS : Displacement: - Standard - 104.0 T - full - 148.0 T Length, m 31.3 Width, m 12.9 Sediment:, M 1.0 Home Energy Installation: - Type - gas turbine; - the number x type of GTD - the total capacity - 2 x M-70 - 20 000 hp; - the number of the type of propulsion - 2 x centuries; - Number X type - power sources of EES current - 2 x GTG - 70 kW; Speed, UZ 55 Sailing range, miles 200 speed 50 Uz. Acellability 2 Infantry combat vehicles or 2 armored personnel carriers, or 3 armored vehicles, or 2 floating tanks, or 1 medium tank, or 130 people, crew 12 Armament 1x4 PU SPC 9K310 "Needle-1" (zur 9m313) 2x6 30 mm AK-306 - 1000 shots 2x1 30 mm grenade launcher BP-30 "Flame" (no on PR.12061E) 10-24 min NRLS "Lazur", "Screen-1"

DK Ave. 11770m "Sulna"

Displacement, T: - empty 53.0 - full 105.0

Length, m: - The largest 26.65

- Housing width the largest 5.8

- sediment with full displacement on the foot 1,52

- Sediment with complete displacement on the course of 1.3

- Dimensions of the cargo platform 13.9 x 4.0

Crew, people (including officers) 4 (-)

Home Energy Installation:

- Diesel type

- Number x Type of GTD - total power, l. C 2 x M-503A-3 - 6600

- Number of x type of drivers 2 x VFS in halfone

- Number X type - power sources of current EES, kW 2 x Dg - 16

Stroke speed, UZ: - the largest 30

Swimming range 30 Ultrasound, miles: 100 or 600 (with load 37 tons and additional fuel reserves)

Autonomy to the reserves of provisions with the landing, day 1

Armament:

Acellability: - the number of units of armored vehicles 1 average tank T-80U or 60 marines with complete equipment, options (total carrying capacity up to 45 tons)

Portable anti-aircraft missile complex:

- Name "Needle *"

- Number of PU X guides 1x2

- Boezapass VR 6

Radioelectronic:

- RLS of the general discovery "Mius"

At the same time, its anti-airflow will be built on the basis of the Pancir-M seabed.

The construction of the first ship of the series is scheduled to begin in 2016, reports RIA Novosti with reference to its source. At the same time, the information that the Russian fleet will receive a new landing ship of the new generation by 2020 will receive. Vladimir Ragchnikov said this in June 2015, the head of the shipbuilding department of the Navy of Russia. According to him, the new ship will exceed the displacement of the BDK "Ivan Gren" (displacement of about 5 thousand tons), apparently, said rags then exactly about UDC project "Surbo". Presumably for the needs of the Navy of Russia will be built 4 ships of this type.

Lock UDC "surf".

It is worth noting that the UDC project "Surbo" fits in the appearance of a modern landing ship. In its basic characteristics, it will approximately correspond to the main parameters of the universal landing ships of the Holland type "Rotterdam" or "Johan de Witt", which were chosen as samples. These combat ships also have a displacement of 14-16 thousand tons, able to transport up to 500-600 marines and carry 6 helicopters on board and the necessary set of floating landing facilities.

However, the project of the project "Surbo" is the future of the Russian fleet, this project has reached the stage of the layout and until the time of its construction and adoption of weapons can pass quite a long time. Below we will look at large landing ships, which actually places or will immediately have to be located (Ivan Gren BDK should be taken until the end of 2015) Russian Navy.

BDK project 1171 "Tapir"

The large landing ship (BDK) of the Ocean zone of the project 1171 (Tapir cipher, on the Alligator's NATO codification) is intended for landing of marine assaults with military equipment on an unequipped coast with a small bias of the bottom, as well as the movement of goods and troops. The ship is able to extort the landing units directly to the shore, and the floating technique can drop into water. The head ship of this project "Voronezh Komsomolets" was laid on February 5, 1964 at the Stapel of the Baltic Shipbuilding Plant No. 820 "Amber" in Kaliningrad. The ship was lowered on July 1, 1964. With all its shortcomings, it was the first BDK in the Soviet Union, which could carry the service in remote areas of the World Ocean with the Expeditionary Battalion of Marines on board. During ten years from 1964 to 1974, 14 ships of this project were built in the USSR, which were produced in four different versions. For almost 20 years, project ships 1171 constituted the basis of the strategic landing forces of the USSR.

The ship possessed with a complete displacement of 4650 tons, the sediment was 4.5 meters, the length is 113.1 meters, the width is 15.6 meters. The speed of the full stroke of the TAPIR project of the project "Tapir" was 16.5 knots. The diving range was 4.8 thousand miles (approximately 8.9 thousand kilometers). The autonomy of swimming a large landing ship in the reserves of provisions and fuel (without their replenishment in the campaign) at the first ships of the series was 10 days, the subsequent ships are 20 days.

A shipying device of the ship includes a nasal gate with an upparel, as well as a folding hermetic lacport located on the stern. Loading on the ship's ship can be carried out by its own pass through the feed or nasal landing device. For loading goods on the upper deck or through the hatches in the twine in the ship there are special cranes. The landing of the landing from the ship can exercise afloat, and the non-paying technique is located directly on the coast, while the minimum bias of the bottom should be 2-3 degrees (depending on the mass taken on board the ship cargo). In addition, the BDK of the project 1171 could be used to transport ammunition, as well as for transporting missiles in containers.

The power supply of the ship diesel, represents two power units with a capacity of 4.5 thousand horsepower each (models of engines differed depending on the vehicle modification). Armament could also be different and consisted of a paired universal ship artillery installation ZIF-31B of a 57-mm caliber and a two-paired 25-mm 2M-3 guns. Also on the ship were mounted two installations of the rival system of the Grad-M salvo fire, designed to support the landing. For air defense, CRKK "Strela-3" should be used.

The BDK of Project 1171 could take on board up to 20 major combat tanks, about 45 BTrov, or 50 trucks and from 300 to 400 people of the landing. Members of the landing were placed in two kubricks under the first and fourth twinks. In addition, the ship could be used to transport goods by taking up to 1000 tons of various goods. In the nose of the ship, there was a compartment for armored vehicles, and there was an apparel, closed with sliding gates. In the stern of the ship for loading and unloading operations was equipped with a folding lzzport. The crew of the ship consisted of 69 people, including 5 officers. According to information from open sources, at present, the Navy of Russia is located 4 BDK of the project 1171: 3 ships as part of the Black Sea Fleet and one ship on the Pacific Fleet.

BDK project 1174 "Rhino"

The BDK of the Ocean Zone of Project 1174 (SIFR "Rhino", on the NATO Codification Ivan Rogov) was intended for transportation and disembarking of the forces of the landing and military equipment both on the equipped and the unequigendane coast with a small bias of the bottom. The ship is able to carry out the troops directly on the coast, floating equipment - on water, non-paying military equipment - with the help of special landing and planted swimming facilities, the personnel of the assault with a worst weapon can also land on the helicopters.

In the process of design work on the design of the ship, on the instructions of the G. Gorshkov, the Navy of the Soviet Union S. G. Gorshkova, changes were made to the project, which ultimately led to the creation of a very original universal landing ship with relatively small displacement. As a result of making changes to the project on the ship, a docking chamber appeared, and the composition of the air group posted on board was increased. Changes to the project in the course of the work were made under the impression of the US Navy running program on the construction of the UDC type "Tarawa". In the course of all improvements, the availability of shores for the BDK of the project 1174 became: for nasal similarity - 17%, for landing boats - more than 40%, for helicopters - 100%.

Ships of this project were built in the USSR from 1973 to 1988, three such vehicles were built. The ships were laid and built in Kaliningrad at the Baltic Shipbuilding Plant No. 820 "Yantar". Due to the permanent changes in the project, the Head ship of the Ivan Rogov series was ready only in 1978, 14 years after issuing a technical task for its design. In total, three such vessels were built in Kaliningrad: "Ivan Rogov" (1978), "Alexander Nikolaev" (1982) and Montrophan Moskalenko (1990). The first ship was written off from the Fleet in 1996. The other two were sent to the reserve in 1997 and 2002, respectively. After the story with Mistrals, the press appeared information about working out the issue of restoring ships and returning them to the Navy of Russia.

The length of the project of the project 1174 cipher "Rhino" was 157.5 meters, width - 23.8 meters, sediment - 5 meters. Complete displacement of the ship was 14,060 tons. The speed of the total movement is 21 nodes, a diving range at a speed of 18 nodes and a normal fuel reserve of 4 thousand miles, with a maximum fuel reserve of 7,500 miles. The ship's power plant was gas turbine and included two power units with a capacity of 18 thousand hp. everyone. The autonomy of swimming in the reserves of the provisions was 15 days later, on board, 500 paratroopers or 30 days when 250 people were on board. The crew of the ship was 239 people, including 37 officers. For receiving in a sea of \u200b\u200bliquid and solid cargo, the ship was equipped with special systems.

Arms of ships changed depending on the modification and consisted of an artillery installation of AK-726 caliber of 76.2-mm, two art installations of AK-630 4x30-mm, two installations of the osse-m zoom fire jet systems, one SSA-M SPC (Boezapas 20 missiles) and four IDPs "Strela-3". On board the ship could be based up to 4 transport and combat helicopters KA-29.

In the absence of swimming facilities in it, it was possible to immerse up to 50 PT-76 tanks, 80 BTR and BMP, or up to 120 vehicles. At the same time, the technician could be immersed on board in various combinations. Also on board could be accommodated up to 500 people of the landing in several kubricks and quadruple officer cabins, or accommodate 1700 tons of various goods. To unload the shore of non-planning military equipment into a dock chamber of the ship, it was possible to take up to 6 landing boats of the project 1785 or project 1176. Or three landing vessels on the airbag of the project 1206 or landing boats at the air cavity of the project 11770 "SERNA".

BDK project 775.

BDK project 775 for the needs of the Soviet fleet were built in Poland at the shipbuilding shipyard of Stocznia Polnocna (East of Malnal), in the city of Gdansk. Ships were built from 1974 to 1991, 28 ships of this project in three different modifications were built here. Initially, they were classified as the average landing ships (SDK), but in 1977 they were retrained to the BDK. Currently, the ships of this project are the most massive BDK of the Russian Fleet, constituting the basis of the Russian landing fleet. In service there are 15 ships of this type, and taking into account the Russian servicemen of the Ukrainian BDK "Konstantin Olshansky captured in 2014" - 16.

The landing ships of the project 775 were created to replace the BDK of the project 1171. The new ship was to get more powerful weapons and improved vitality in contrast to the project 1171, which was made on the basis of dry cargo. Project ships 775 were originally designed as vessel specially intended for landing operations. They had to take an intermediate position between the "rhino" and the SDK. BDK project 775 has a length of 112.5 meters, a width of 15 meters, a sediment is 4.26 meters, the ship's total displacement is 4,400 tons. The speed of the total movement is 17.6 knots, the diving range is up to 4 thousand miles (about 7.4 thousand kilometers), the autonomy of the navigation is up to 30 days. Two zgoda-sulzer diesel engines were used as a power plant, developing power by 9.6 thousand hp. everyone.

Armament of ships of this project was different depending on modifications. Initially, it was envisaged to install the two paired artillery settings of the 57-mm AK-725 caliber with remote guidance. To increase fire power and air defense tools, 775.2-mm Artillery Installation AK-176 and two AK-630M 4x30-mm were installed on the project ships 775m. To suppress the coastal defense of the enemy and destroying his live strength to landing ships of the project 775, two launchers of the RSZO "Grad-M" were established. CRPC "Strela-3" and "Needle" could be used as the air defense.

Project ships 775 were initially calculated on the transport of the enhanced company of marines or 225 paratroopers and 10 tanks. The size of the cargo compartment is 95x4.5x4.5 meters, also the ship could take on board up to 480 tons of various goods. The paratroopers were placed in several kubricks, and officers in quadruple cabins. The crew of the ship was 98 people, including 8 officers.

BDK project 11711 "Ivan Gren"

Large landing ships of the project 11711 (according to the NATO Codification Ivan Gren) is a project of the new BDK of the Russian Fleet, intended for landing the landing, cargo transportation, military equipment and equipment. This landing ship is the further development of the project ships 1171 Tapir, while most of the ship's design has undergone major changes. June 11, 2015 At the Baltic Shipbuilding Plant "Yantar" in Kaliningrad, a ceremony of bookmarking the second BDK of the project 11711 "Peter Morgunov" took place. The head ship of the Ivan Gren series was laid on the Kaliningrad Plant in December 2004, the ship was lowered in May 2012, the transfer of the ship by the military was scheduled for 2015. In just 2020, Russia's Navy had to receive 6 ships of this type.

When creating a ship, great attention was paid to the habitat on him crew and landing. The loading of military equipment on the ship is possible in two ways: independently with the apparers, or with the help of port or deck cargo cranes through the four-rowed cargo hatch, located in the upper deck. These hatches also allow you to ventilate the sublit space, when the combat machines are started immediately before landing, the combat machines run engines operating at idle, which leads to the filling of the airborne space by the exhaust gases. To carry out loading and unloading work in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cargo hatch on the vessel there is a crane with a loading capacity of 16 tons and two boat cranes designed to work with motor boats and boats.

Full displacement of the BDK "Ivan Gren" is 5000 tons, which makes it the largest among all the BDK of the Russian Fleet, which are at the moment. The speed of the total stroke is 18 nodes, the native range is up to 3,500 nautical miles at the speed of 16 nodes. Autonomy of swimming - up to 30 days. The crew of the ship consists of 100 people. The combat technique is located on the tank deck inside the BDK, it can be both the main combat tanks weighing up to 60 tons (13 tanks) and BMP and BTR (up to 36 units), or 300 people of the landing.

From weapons on board the ship, two launchers of the RSZO "Grad-M" are installed, two artillery installations AK-630M 4x30-mm, as well as the universal artillery installation of AK-176 caliber of 76.2 mm. In addition, the ship provides for the basing of one transport and combat helicopter KA-29. For some information, the "Needle-B" complex can be used as the air defense agent.

Layout of the landing ship "Surf" / photo: Sdelanounas.ru

In Russia, the development of new large landing ships (BDK), which will be able to carry more than 10 helicopters on board and transport about 450 infantry people, Admiral Victor Chirkov said TASS, told TASS.

"There is a development of new large landing ships, which will be able to carry up to 10 and more helicopters, about 450-500 infantrymen, a large number of equipment units and in virtually unlimited range," he said on the air "Russia 24".

According to him, the research institute prepares technical assignments and research and development work is being carried out.

"We are preparing to ensure that our industry on prepared documents has begun to build them," he added the commander. According to Admiral, the development and construction of new BDK is provided for in the shipbuilding program.

As reported earlier in the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, "the first such large landing ship is planned to be built by 2020." "We are talking about a new project in the class" Large landing ship ", - stressed in the department.

Earlier in the Navy of Russia also stated that by 2020 it is planned to receive the first BDK of a new generation with displacement of about 16 thousand tons. Fleet representatives reported that the appearance of the ship was already formed, but in the United Shipbuilding Corporation, they noted that while we were talking only about elaboration. Shipbuilders stressed that new Russian landing ships are at the "concept project" stage, but it is possible to design and build such a ship in less than five years.

At the International Naval Salon - 2015, which was held in St. Petersburg in early July, at the booth of the Krylovsky Scientific Center, Viktor Chirkovo showed an externalproject of a new Russian helicopter "surf". Then the Goland reported to journalists that the ship must carry 16 helicopters to transport 450 people of the landing and about 80 units of armored vehicles. Does this concept have the attitude towards developing a new BDK, not specified.

The master committee also recalled that the construction of new large landing ships like "Ivan Gren" is also underway, since the invocional BDK of old projects approaches the end of their service life.

reference Information

Universal landing ship (UDC) project "Surf"This can be an alternative to the French Mistral helicopter monitor, presented in the form of a layout at the Stand of the Chief Command of the Navy of Russia as part of the Army-2015 Forum, which opened on Tuesday in the Cuban near Moscow.

"This is our answer" Mistral ". This ship is still in the form of a layout, however the characteristics laid down in the project make it possible to expect that the ships of the project "surf" will be able to successfully solve the tasks of receiving, transportation and disembarking of the sea landing, "the representative of the Glavkomati Navy said" Interfax ".

According to him, in a unique project UDC, which is developing the Neva Design Bureau, will not be repeated technical operations and systems that are already available on the French ship.

"Everything will be" surf ", everything will be domestic: and landing facilities, and aviacralized, and weapons systems. We calculate that at least four such ships will be built for the needs of the Navy, "the agency's interlocutor stressed.

He noted that the decision to build the ship would be made after the completion of the development of his project. "A pre-project can be completed at the end of next year," the agency's source said.

UDC "Surbo" will have a displacement of 14 thousand tons when sediment 5 m. The ship will be able to develop speed up to 20 nodes. His distance of its swimming will be 6 thousand miles, and the autonomy of the campaign is 60 days.

On board, it will be placed up to eight anti-submarine and landing and landing helicopters Ka-27 and Ka-52k. The ship will be able to transport up to 60 units of technology. UDC will carry on board the four landing boats of the project 11770m or two - project 12061m. UDC will be able to provide its anti-defense with the help of the Polecir-M seabed PCPC.

The construction of the first ship of the series is planned to begin already in 2016, reports RIA "" with reference to its source. At the same time, the information that the Russian fleet will receive a new landing ship of the new generation by 2020 will receive. Vladimir Ragchnikov said this in June 2015, the head of the shipbuilding department of the Navy of Russia. According to him, the new ship will exceed the displacement of the BDK "Ivan Gren" (displacement of about 5 thousand tons), apparently, said rags then exactly about UDC project "Surbo". Presumably for the needs of the Navy of Russia will be built 4 ships of this type.

Lock UDC "surf".

BDK project 1171 "Tapir"

The BDK of Project 1171 could take on board up to 20 major combat tanks, about 45 BTrov, or 50 trucks and from 300 to 400 people of the landing. Members of the landing were placed in two kubricks under the first and fourth twinks. In addition, the ship could be used to transport goods by taking up to 1000 tons of various goods. In the nose of the ship, there was a compartment for armored vehicles, and there was an apparel, closed with sliding gates. In the stern of the ship for loading and unloading operations was equipped with a folding lacport. The crew of the ship consisted of 69 people, including 5 officers (the crew of 83 people from them 7 officers and 11 Michmanov for BDK "Nikolai Vilkov", TF, the 1990s). According to information from open sources, at present, the Navy of Russia is located 4 BDK of the project 1171: 3 ships as part of the Black Sea Fleet and one ship on the Pacific Fleet.

BDK project 1174 "Rhino"

The BDK of the Ocean Zone of Project 1174 (SIFR "Rhino", on the NATO Codification Ivan Rogov) was intended for transportation and disembarking of the forces of the landing and military equipment both on the equipped and the unequigendane coast with a small bias of the bottom. The ship is able to exercise troops directly on the coast, floating technique - on water, non-paying military equipment - with special landing and planted swimming facilities, the personnel of the landing with carriage can also be directed to the shore on helicopters.

Ships of this project were built in the USSR from 1973 to 1988, three such vehicles were built. The ships were laid and built in Kaliningrad at the Baltic Shipbuilding Plant No. 820 "Yantar". Due to the permanent changes in the project, the Head ship of the Ivan Rogov series was ready only in 1978, 14 years after issuing a technical task for its design. In total, three such vessels were built in Kaliningrad: "Ivan Rogov" (1978), "Alexander Nikolaev" (1982) and Montrophan Moskalenko (1990). The first ship was written off from the Fleet in 1996. The other two were sent to the reserve in 1997 and 2002, respectively. After the Mistrals, the press appeared information about working out the issue of restoring ships and return them to the Navy of Russia.

Arms of ships changed depending on the modification and consisted of an artillery installation of AK-726 caliber of 76.2-mm, two art installations of AK-630 6x30-mm, two installations of the osse-m-m "reactive systems, one" OSA-M " (Boezapas 20 missiles) and four IDPs "Strela-3". On board the ship could be based up to 4 transport and combat helicopters Ka-29.

BDK project 775.

Armament of ships of this project was different depending on modifications. Initially, it was envisaged to install the two paired artillery settings of the 57-mm AK-725 caliber with remote guidance. To increase fire power and air defense tools, 77,2-mm artillery installation AK-176 and two AK-630M 6x30-mm were installed on the project ships of the project. To suppress the coastal defense of the enemy and destroying his live strength to landing ships of the project 775, two launchers of the RSZO "Grad-M" were established. CRPC "Strela-3" and "Needle" could be used as the air defense.

BDK project 11711 "Ivan Gren"

From weapons on board the ship, two launchers of the RSZO "Grad-M" are installed, two artillery installations AK-630M 6x30-mm, as well as the universal artillery installation of AK-176 caliber of 76.2 mm. In addition, the ship provides for the basing of one transport and combat helicopter KA-29. For some information, the "Needle-B" complex can be used as the air defense agent.

Information sources:
http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/2028399.
http://lenta.ru/news/2015/06/16/priboy
http://www.rg.ru/2015/06/16/analog-site.html.
http://navalcadet.narod.ru.
http://www.shipyard-yantar.ru/ru/press/265-zalozhitbdk.html

Large landing ships (BDK), as well as universal landing ships (UDC), can be used not only for landing off the seabed, but also for its fire support and transportation of a wide range of cargo. Here you can remember the program "Syrian Express", the experience of which, when creating new ships, will necessarily take into account, considers the military expert Alexey Leonkov.

Experience "Syrian Express"

The Northern Design Bureau creates a project of a new large landing ship for the Navy of the Russian Federation. As it became known to the TASS from its source in the defense and industrial complex, we are talking about the creation of about 8 thousand tons from scratching the landing vehicle. Other design bureaus do not participate in this work. In the combined shipbuilding corporation, the information that appears are not yet comment.

"BDK and UDCs today need us to fulfill the tasks of maintaining our military presence in Syria. Here you can recall the program "Syrian Express", which represents regular trips to the Syria of our landing ships. They were the main providers of weapons, military equipment and other material reserves necessary for combat operations.

The task of building landing ships looks relevant, since for the successful implementation of operations on the sea today you need to be able to not only accompany and land a landing, but also to provide fire support. To solve this task, the BDK use elements of aviation support in the form of drum helicopters. In addition, helicopters are able to additionally deal with intelligence and search and rescue tasks, "the interlocutor notes FBA "Economics today".

The timing of creating a large landing ship

As the expert in the field of shipbuilding Prokhor TebbiThe landing ships will allow us to provide our own, where the ship can perform a wide variety of tasks, ranging from landing and anti-submarine, and ending with humanitarian operations. The expert does not exclude that if necessary, it can be used as a control ship or floating hospital.

"Modern realities suggest that in the case of maritime operations, if necessary, seize a bridgehead or to provide more serious fire support on the shore, such ships are simply necessary. Moreover, the tendency towards their construction today is also observed abroad, as clearly indicate projects in Italian, French, American and British shipyards.

The design of the BDK on average leaves from the year to two. Creating a head ship ranks from three to five years, depending on the readiness of the shipyard. Next, on the head ships, certain points are practiced, so it may be necessary to launch a project into a series from 7 to 10 years, subject to the development of it from scratch. If the ship is the development of the series already standing in service, then the term may be reduced. As globular practice shows, much depends on the power of the shipyard, on which they are going, "Alexey Leonkov summarizes.

According to Tass June Day, the 25th day of 2019, a new large landing ship of the project 11711 - Ivan Gren has performed its first exit to the sea. The ship was out of the Naval Base Baltiysk for the first in its history running tests. According to information sources, the ship during tests that must last for several days must pass several hundred miles to debug the working units of the motor and steering installation.

A large landing ship should be the first in the Russian navy with a full-fledged martial vessel, capable of carrying out the entire spectrum of landing operations on the sea. The complex foreign policy situation in the world today requires a rush of such ships from the Russian naval command. Furnilation of France from the transfer of the Russian fleet of two landing ships of the Mistral type served as an impetus to the forcing construction of the BDK of the project 11711. The ship launched back in 2004 for a long time standing at the Kaliningrad Shipbuilding Plant "Amber" without movement. There was insufficient financing of the project and the uncertainty that reigned in the highest military-political circles of the country about the feasibility of the construction of vessels of this class. Today it seems that the situation has moved from the dead point and the domestic fleet will finally begin to receive long-awaited ships.

History with the birth of the project 11711 - Ivan Gren

Increasing the role of marine landing operations in a modern strategy of gaining military presence served as a signal to start developing project documentation for new combat ships. Marine infantry is in the structure of the Navy, one of the most combat-ready tools capable of quickly and efficiently solve the tasks of the tactical plan. Combat equipment and high energy transport of marine infantry units required an increase in fleet's transport capabilities. Available landing vessels of the old Soviet building did not fully responded to the tasks. The fleet was needed a ship that would be not only a means of delivering the landing, but also performed the functions of the pile assembly - the mobile military-technical base.

The technical task for the development of the project was obtained in 1998 the Nevsky PCB, located in St. Petersburg. This company has already experienced the experience of designing vessels of a similar class and could provide existing developments in this regard. Initially, the basis of the technical task was the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a landing ship with a small displacement capable of carrying out landing transportation on internal waters. The main region of swimming new ship was also intended. It should have become the water area of \u200b\u200bthe Baltic and Black Seas. In the future, the concept of creating a ship with a small displacement has been revised. The highest naval command decided to dwell on the construction of a large landing ship of increased displacement, capable of solving a wide range of operational and tactical tasks anywhere in the world ocean.

It should be noted that during the development of a draft change in the basic idea was made three times. The result of almost 6 years of design developments and the research was the appearance of a vessel of a completely different class - the BDK of the project 11711. Project displacement was increased to 5,000 tons. The combat capabilities of the ship increased significantly. It was assumed that the enhanced division of marines with the whole set of infantry and heavy weapons should be freely accommodated on the vessel. For landing the landing groups, the ship must be equipped with two helicopters and other delivery tools, including marine pontoons and lifting and unloading mechanisms.

The construction site was chosen by Kaliningrad CVD "Yantar", the enterprise that is today one of the main shipyards engaged in the construction of the ocean class combat vessels.

Strugging BDK Ivan Gren New Generation

The head ship of the project 11711 was laid under the 2004 curtain, December 24th. Initially, the project provided for the subsequent construction of five serial vessels of this class. The ship is named after the famous Soviet Vice Admiral and a scientist theorist in the field of marine artillery I.I. Grena. Despite the fact that the project has already carried out a number of significant changes, during the construction of the ship by designers and shipbuilders, even two dozen changes were made. The new BDK received in the classification of NATO cipher "Ivan Gren".

The subsequent course of the construction of the ship was accompanied by a series of inconsistent actions between the contractor and the customer, as well as in terms of financing. Construction has dragged for many years. State defense order has repeatedly reproved, transferring the dates of the shutter of the ship to the water. Having readiness for the main ship systems and a building by 70%, the BDK "Ivan Gren" was launched only in spring 2012. It should be noted that even in the course of how technical and economic problems with the construction of a head ship decided, in 2010 the design works of the second same type of ship were launched. The construction of the first serial ship was planned to start not earlier than 2014, only when the head ship will pass all the stages of refinement and current upgrades.

The decision on serial production and the number of vessels of this class will be taken according to the results of testing the head ship.

The real course of the construction of a wrestling ship caused a lot of curvetolds, both from the naval leadership and in the environment of military experts. The big landing ship "Ivan Gren" experienced a financial crisis that touched the shipbuilding industry and the unpretentiousness of the domestic defense industry to supply the necessary equipment and weapons.

According to the leadership of the Kaliningrad CVD "Yantar", funding sufficiently began only with the beginning of 2014. The result of numerous checks of the status of the shipyard and compliance with the construction plans began to renew the old contract for the construction of the vessel. The new document has already carried in itself information on another, higher cost of construction, more specific and acceptable deadlines for the delivery of the facility are established. According to a number of special sources, the contract value of the Ivan Gren landing ship amounted to more than 5 billion rubles for 2012.

After the shutter of the ship, there were clear contours and directions for further work. Together with cabinet works, the distribution shield is installed, installation of diesel generators is installed.

From the pace of construction, the vessel strongly retalled related enterprises. The main motor installation of DRA3700 was supposed to put the St. Petersburg Plant "Star", however, according to the latest data, ready-made engines could go to the shipyard for the subsequent installation on the ship only in 2012. The situation shifted from the dead point gave abundant soil for rumors that the head ship will become the last and the subsequent mass production of the same type of ships is not planned.

The headway of the project 11711 "Ivan Gren" in May 2012 was headed for the trigger of Kaliningrad shipyard. It was expected that at the end of 2013 or in early 2014 the ship will be transferred to the fleet.

Main features of the design of the BDK project 11711

The new ship has a 120 meter housing length, a width of 16.6 meters. At the same time, the sediment of the ship is only 3.6 m. Complete displacement of the vessel varies within 5 thousand tons. A large landing ship has a seaworthy shape of the housing and rapid buildings of the housing, allowing to perform long marine transitions and walk in storm weather.

The power of the diesel engine of the reverse type is 4000 hp, providing the ship speed of 18 nodes. The BDK of BDK "Ivan Gren" is 3,500 miles, which is quite enough to carry out operational activities in the closed waters of the Baltic and Black Seas. The ship had a crew of 100 sailors and officers and could be autonomously located at sea to 30 days. For all declared tactical and technical characteristics, the ship has responsible for modern requirements, but in the process of construction, the question of the effective replacement of imported components, electronic equipment and individual force settings has acutely faced.

On the configuration of the arms system, there were no special problems. On the vessel was supposed to further establish only artillery systems. The main caliber was represented by automatic installations of AK-176 caliber 76 mm. The anti-air defense of a large landing ship was provided by two artillery anti-aircraft settings AK-630M with an armor of a 30 mm caliber.

Fire support was supported by the landing units could provide the maritime version of the Raspical Fire Rocket Systems "Grad-M" Rocket Installation A-215. Air reconnaissance in the area of \u200b\u200bthe vessel provided two KA-26 helicopters.

Airborne Function and Cargo Capacity of the Ship

Separately, it is worth staying on the technical characteristics of the landing vessel of this project. Divisions intended for subsequent transportation and landing are placed on a closed tank deck. The landing ship of the project 11711 could accommodate in its depths up to 300 people of the personnel of the marine infantry division. The spacious and spacious shop of the ship was able to take 30 tanks or the same number of other armored equipment. The internal useful amount of vessel cargo lines was designed to load twenty-20 pound cargo containers.

The new ship had two ways of loading-unloading landing loads. Unlike traditionally used in the Soviet and Russian fleet, the landing of the landing through an open ramp, a large landing ship could offer two loading and unloading options. The vessel could make loading and unloading of equipment across the ramp located in the nose body part or when using port and own lifting and loading mechanisms. For this purpose in the upper deck of the warship, there was a furnace hatch. On the vessel there was a technical opportunity to make open access on top of the tank deck, providing good ventilation of the ship's tricks with armored vehicles operating engines. The carrying capacity of its own crane is 16 tons. On the sides of the vessel, there are also two boat lifting devices that allow you to quickly lower or raise the boat and landing boats.

The landing ship "Ivan Gren" had two large and alone motor boats on the equipment.

New story with BDK project 11711

Having received fairly acceptable results and pace of construction of the head ship, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation decided to start the construction of the second landing ship of the project 11711. The contract under the new state defense order was signed in the fall of 2014. The new large landing ship is still at the project stage, Peter Morgunov was called and differ significantly from the prototype. The Basing Place of the New BDK is planned to make a Black Sea Fleet. It is not by chance the name of the ship is assigned in honor of the hero of the defense of Sevastopol 1941-42, General Peter Morgunova.

Construction is decided to lead in the same place, at the shipyards of the Baltic CVD "Amber" in Kaliningrad. In accordance with the GOZ, a new vessel was planned to drain into water in 2019 and over the next two years to transfer the fleet. Later, the estimated deadlines for entering the ship into operation again moved. The official bookmark of the vessel took place in June 2019. The ship "Peter Morgunov", which received the factory number 01302, must be included in the fleet no earlier than 2019.

To date, at the Intar Plant Factories, the formed ship body is loaded, the main nodes, aggregates and communication systems are loaded. Two years after laying a ship to prepare for a descent on the water, where further work will go.

For a new ship, there is a significant change in comparison with the basic project. Despite the fact that the designers tried to leave a typical project without a change, the results of testing the head vehicle tried on the second ship.

Today, designers and shipbuilders have to comprehensively solve problems of import substitution. It is required to reduce to a minimum in the design of the ship's presence of components and details of foreign production. Project 11711 again undergoes refinement taking into account new circumstances and requirements. During the construction of the head vessel, ships were based mainly on domestic nodes and components, whereas on the second ship was made on the use of foreign technologies. Today, this issue is solved by a rapid pace, despite the fact that certain difficulties constantly arise. At the moment there are various options for technical solutions by the forces of domestic enterprises. The quality of the assembly will already be detected in the process of starting and offered tests.

BDK Ivan Gren today

Currently, the situation with the fate of large landing ships of the project 11711 is less defined. In full swing test tests of the headary BDK "Ivan Gren". On the ship is checked the work of all systems on the go in various modes. Checking the operation of the steering and navigation equipment. Running tests are scheduled to be completed in September 2019, after which there will be regulated work on the ship. The beginning of government tests is scheduled for autumn 2019, after which the ship is likely to enter the Baltic Fleet.

Comparison with foreign courts of this class in this case incorrectly. Despite the huge number of changes in the project, the BDK "Ivan Gren" and his younger fellow are rather an intermediate class of ships, something average between average landing vessels and large landing ships of the "ship-dock" type.

The situation with the construction of the second ship of LDK "Peter Morgunov" suggests that the ship will be built and lowered on the water. The difficulties arising from the import substitution program were questioned by the further fate of the project 11711. According to some media, the highest naval guide is inclined to the thoughts on the termination of the construction of the courts of this class. From the moment of bookmarks and before the heading of the headpiece has passed more than 13 years. During this time, the naval strategy of the state has changed somewhat, and today the fleet requires more powerful and universal landing vessels that can autonomously solve operational-tactical tasks.

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