Kamchatka Capital of the region. Capital of Kamchatka Territory - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

Many people prefer to spend vacation abroad or in the south of Russia. But there are places in the north and east of the country affecting amazing views. For example, few people know how beautiful and interesting in the city of Kamchatka. In the summer, vacation can be held without leaving the limits of the immense homeland. Kamchatka is a wonderful place for lovers of beautiful species and clean air.

Cities and villages of Kamchatka are unique and amazing. They make it possible to enjoy stunning landscapes without leaving home.

Features of Kamchatka

This is a unique peninsula, it is also called the edge of volcanoes and bears. Only here you can see close to the acting volcano, swim in the hot source, to resemble the frozen lava. Magnificent views of the mountains and the bay, beautiful landscapes - all this attracts tourists.

If you decide on a maritime walk, you can see the various inhabitants of the sea depths, the bird markets, to visit the island of old people, where many birds of waterfowl squad nests:

moeuc;
bablan Krasnolitsy and Bering;
pacific seagull;
pacific number and spectrum cleaner;
kair is fine and thick frozen;
ordinary old man;
ipatka;
topca.

Petropavlovsk city

Kamchatka was mastered recently, and the first settlement here became a town in Avachinskaya Bay, founded in the 18th century. Now he became the capital of Kamchatka. The city appeared in the days of the second Kamchatka expedition under the leadership of Bering and Chirikov. It took place from 1733 to 1743. The city became Petropavlovsky on the name of the two first ships who visited the bay. And from the beginning of the 20th century, he was called Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Today, this city is considered the most important port on Far East. Every day, the countless number of ships, boats and boats take place through it. Many of them offer tourists to go on a tour of the bay. It offers magnificent views of the surrounding volcanoes.

In the city itself, you can see interesting sights:

monument to Bering - the founder of the city;
memorial complex in honor of the defense of the city in 1854;
Kamchatka State Joint Museum;
Scientific Museum of the Institute of Wolcanology and Seismology;
unique salmon museum.

Keeping city

Kamchatka - such an edge where there are no large settlements. Therefore, the settlement of the keys with a population of about 5 thousand inhabitants is called the city. It is located near the mouth of the river Klytenka, at the foot of the Klyuchevskaya Pop. The settlement of the keys was founded in the place where the large Ostrog Cossacks Nizhnekamchatsk was located. In 1731, he was burned due to the rebellion, which raised Kamchadal.

Today, this village is based on the Station for the study of volcanoes, which operates under the leadership of the Institute of Volcanology of the Far Eastern Department Russian Academy science The city has a regular bus service with Petropavlovsky-Kamchatsky. There is a airfield, but it is used exclusively for aircraft transporting cargo. In times Soviet Union Passenger aviation worked. Not far from the village there is a test missile polygon "Kura". It is based on swamps on the Kamchatka River and operates since 1955.

The city of Elizovo.

It is here that is located famous monument With bears and inscription: "Russia begins here." Yelizovo is considered the most important city of Kamchatka, from the point of view of transport junctions, this is especially true of the air vehicles. Despite its importance, the inhabitants of Kamchatka consider this city by the transplant point on the way from Petropavlovsk to the main beauties of the peninsula, which are located in remote villages and villages. The lack of popularity among tourists is due to the fact that there are practically no sights in the city. The only thing that distinguishes Elizovo from the typical city of Kamchatka is incredible volcanoes that can be seen on the horizon.

Due to the fact that the city is considered an intermediate point, in it and its surroundings you can find many turbases, hotels, hotels and hostels, which are always ready to accept a large number of tourists. Comfort in them on high levelTherefore, they will be pleased with both travelers from Russia and Europeans or the Japanese who are often visited by this area.

Vilyuchinsk city

Visit this city is few people manage, because it is a closed settlement. Therefore, the only way to get acquainted with the city is a photo. Well, those who attended this and other cities of Kamchatka, which are intended for servicemen, will be pleased to remember these places.

Vilyuchinsk consists of three districts that are divided into each other:

Primorsky is the biggest, this is the so-called sleeping area.
Herring - area where there are docks for submarines.
The fishing is the area where the submarines themselves are based.

The city received its name from the volcano. Interestingly, Vilyuchinsky volcano is located very far. Staying within the city, you can see only a small top of this giant.

Kamchatka villages

Going into minor settlements, you can see much more beauty of this region than in the city. That is why it makes sense to visit the largest villages of Kamchatka Territory. The first listed is a volcanic village. It is located in the Elizovsky district. The nearest city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is only 42 km away. Geographically, it is located between the capital of the region and the city of Vilyuchinsky. The village was founded in 1955, and he served as a military town. At that time, called peaceful. From 1992 to 1999, the village was closed to enter outsiders, but now everyone can get there.

The village of Ossen was founded in a pre-war time, in 1937. It is the administrative center of the Koryak district. The name of this village occurred from the Koryak language and in translated means "House of Gorbushi", i.e. The locality in which the spawning of this fish occurs. The sample is located in the northeastern part of the peninsula on the Karabinsky Bay. He stretched out 3 km along the coast, and the Oszoro Lake is located west. The village is interested in the fact that in nearby rivers were found by the deposits of paint gold.

Palana is another village of the Koryansky district. It is located on the West Bank of Kamchatka, and the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk is just 7 km away. From Petropavlovsk will have to go 940 km, and the nearest settlement is about 200 km (s. Tigil).

His beauty fascinates the Kamchatsky Peninsula and the Kamchatka River itself. What city or village is worth choosing for tourist purposes, it's hard to say. Typically, the routes capture several settlements, which makes it possible to get acquainted with Kamchatka completely.

The date of founding of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is considered to be October 17, 1740. On this day, the shores of the Avachinsk bay were moored ships of the second Kamchatka expedition under the leadership of Vitus Bering and Alexey Chirikov. Initially, the city was called Petropavlovsky Ostrog According to the names of the package forces "Holy Apostle Peter" and "Holy Apostle Paul". The city received its modern name in 1924.

Stella at the entrance to the city of "Saint Peter and Saint Paul package

The city is located in a picturesque place, on the one hand is washed by the Avachinsk bay, by the way, it is considered the largest in the world, on the other hand, the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky "guard" household volcanoes: Koryak Sopka, Avachinskaya Sopka, Volcano Kazelsky. The architecture and development of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and the surrounding area is mostly gray and monotonous. Faceless Stalinings and Khrushchev are adjacent to the same faceless new buildings. The city has museums: local history, museum military glory, lot historical monuments, Among them: Monuments of the navigators Vitus Bering, Laperza, Charlza Clark, a monument to the defenders of the city - Maxut Battery.

Earthquake

Along the entire east coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula and next to Petropavlovsky-Kamchatsky passes Pacific seismic belt, Therefore, small and medium earthquakes happen quite often. Residents are already accustomed to living in anticipation of earthquake.
Destructive earthquakes in the last 50 years have not been foreseen. But due to the high seismic activity of the region, residential and administrative buildings are constantly seismous, from which some buildings look threatenly ugly, like movies about the world apocalypse.

This is how one of the training buildings of KamchatGTU

Climate

Winter in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Soft and multispery. The average temperature in winter is about - 6 degrees Celsius. Snow Purgi (Purga Locals call snow blizzards) usually pass from November to the beginning of May. In the snowy winter snow reaches the windows of the 2nd floor of high-rise buildings. Due to multiserry winters and mountainous terrain in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka, all-wheel drive cars 4WD are popular. For the same reason, Ski Sports on Kamchatka are very popular: skiing, snowboard, cross-country skiing. Directly in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky itself, there are many ski slopes and there are ski schools. Very popular winter tourism: heli-ski, skiing, hot water pool in Paratunca, this is a brief list of tourist entertainment in winter in Kamchatka.

Summer in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Cool and speedy. Local residents have a popular anecdot: " - What are you so white? Summer something was not? - Summer was, but I was on this day at work ...". The average temperature of the warmest month, August, +13 degrees. The climatic summer (the period with average daily temperatures above 15 degrees) is not every year.
In the summer, active types of tourism are popular in Kamchatka: climbing volcanoes, river alloys, fishing.

So what if you are not afraid of a long-term 8-hour trip to Kamchatka, if there is a desire for adventurous and romantic travel, collect a suitcase and welcome to Kamchatka! There is something to see and have something to do on vacation!

3D Virtual Tour in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

Panoramic view of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky from Nitles Mushey

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky today photo

You can see in the photo What the weather is now in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The webcam is located in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on the building at Boulevard Piypa House 9

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is a city in Russia, the administrative center of Kamchatka Territory. Located in the Far East of Russia, in the southeastern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula, on the shores of the Avachinskaya Bay of the Pacific Ocean. Near the city's current volcanoes, Koryak and Avachinskaya hills, are treated near the city.

Founded in 1740 by the second Kamchatka Expedition, named after the ships of the Expedition "Saint Peter" and "Saint Paul". During Crimean war In 1854, the Garniszon Petropavlovsk reflected the attack of the Anglo-French Fleet. It is the easternmost city of the entire northern hemisphere with a population of more than 100 thousand people.

History

Foundation of the city

One of the oldest cities in the Far East. The first of the Russian kingdom came here the Cossacks in 1697. Cossacks in the Ayshin Kamchadalsky village, which, on the shores of the Awachanskaya Bay of the Pacific, labazed labase for the storage of Yasaka and founded Ostrog. After forty-three years, according to the previously composed maps of Kamchatka Land, arrived here at two packages on October 17, 1740, the second Kamchatka Expedition 1733-1743. Under the leadership of Vitus Bering and Alexey Chirikov. The name of Petropavlovsky Ostrog received from the names of ships-packets "Holy Apostle Peter" and "Holy Apostle Paul".

The founder of the city is the navigator of the Michman rank Elagin Ivan Fomich. September 29, 1739, by order of the head of the 2nd Kamchatka Expedition of Vitus Bering, Ivan Elagin on the bot "Saint Archangel Gabriel" went from Okhotsk to Kamchatka. He was instructed to describe the seashore from the mouth of the River Large to the Avachinsky Gulf, continue the research of the Avachin's lip, to make her map, build warehouses and residential premises to stop the expedition, as well as carry out promresses to clarify the possibilities of the majority sea courtsSince "With a lip, it should be for housing by the minister of the building, and for clamping the provincial Maazenam, and from a large river to the maritime lips of the sea shore is still not yet described." Avachinist Bering revealed in 1729 during the return of the first Kamchatka expedition to Okhotsk.

On May 16, 1740, I. Elagin went from the mouth of the River Big (Bolsheretsky Ostrog) along the south-west coast of Kamchatka and conceded her Cape on June 10 arrived in Avachinsky lip. The Bot "Holy Gabriel" was the first in history by the sea vessel, attached to the shore in the Avachinsky lip. After examining the lip, Elagin began to describe the lip and chose a place for the construction of warehouse and residential premises on the northern shore of Harbor Niakina at the Iliamensky Foundation of Aushin. The construction of the first homes of the Russian settlement began in June 1740 from a pre-prepared forest and was completed by the autumn of the same year. On September 20, 1740, I. Elagin was in the harbor of the Niakina report and said that the seruners and local residents Built in the harbor of "residential chambers in one link five, yes the barracks three, and three people of the anbara in two apartments." Elagin also reported on the completion of the precipitation of the depths of the Avachenian lip, the preparation of the maps of the Western and Eastern Baths of Kamchatka on the estimated path of the expedition.

October 6 (October 17, by N. Art.) 1740 in the Avachinsky lip, the "Holy Apostle Paul" package, led by Alexey Chirikov, and the Holy Apostle Peter with Commander Vitus Bering. This day is considered to count the birthday of the city.

Stepan Krasheninnikov, traveling at this time in Kamchatka in his book wrote:

Niakina Guba, who, from the two panels in it, is called the Peter and Pavel now, it is a narrow that it is possible to attach shores on the shores, but so deep that it is capable of standing in it and such ships that packages are more: for It is 14 to 18 feet depth. At this lip, officer lights, barracks, shops and another building from the maritime team are built. In the same place, on my departure, a new Russian Ostrog was instituted, in which residents are translated from other sources.

Center of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Cultural lake. Target Nink City View, in the background Koryak Volcano Historical Dates

1779 - Petropavlovsk Harbor visited two English military vessels "Discovery" and "Resolut" of the third round-the-world expedition to J. Cook. In the Harbor in August, C. Clark was buried, who assumed the leadership of the expedition after the death of J. Cook.
1787 - Petropavlovsk visited the ships "Busol" and "Astrolabia" around the world expedition of Laperose.
1812 - Received the status of the city and the name of Petropavlovsk Harbor. The "New Regulation on Kamchatka" was also published, according to which the management of Kamchatka was instructed to a special boss. The place of stay of the chief "appointed" Petropavlovskaya Harbor, which becomes the capital of Kamchatka.

District areas of the city on December 28, 1849 - Kamchatka Region led by Governor V. S. Zaveko, with the center - Petropavlovsky port.
From 18 to 24 August (from August 30 to September 5), 1854 - Petropavlovskaya defense continued. In memory of this event, monuments were installed in the city: a monument of glory and a monument to the 3rd battery of Alexander Maksutov, there is a memorial complex - the brotherly grave and chapel. All monuments are geographically located on the slopes of Nikolskaya Sopov in historical center cities.
1913 - the coat of arms of the city was established, which in the main features repeated the regional coat of arms, but had a three-born crown of the regional city at the top of the coat of arms, downstairs two anchors, sent by Alexander ribbon. In 1993, on the initiative of the city administration, the coat of arms of the city was restored.
In 1924, the Resolution of the Presidium of the Moscow State University was renamed Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, where the definition was included for the difference from the name of the city of Petropavlovsk in Kazakhstan.
On June 15, 1932, the Kamchatka branch of the Pacific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography was organized.
On April 21, 1933, the first professional theater began its work in the city.
November 6, 1936 - the construction of the first stage of the shipyard was completed: "The firstborn of the heavy industry in Kamchatka is in the ranks."
In 1942 - in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was opened to the Morrybtehniki (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka Sea Fish-Mensive Technical School of the People's Commissariat of the USSR Fish Industry).
In 1946, the technical school received a new name - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka Sea fish-crumped technical school of the Ministry of Family Industry of the Oriental Areas of the USSR.
In 1952, the fish-crumped technical school was transformed into Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Sea School (PKMU).
In 1957 - CCC is created (educational and consulting item) of the Far Eastern Institute of the Fisheries.
August 31, 1958 - the official opening of the first at Kamchatka of the Higher educational institution - Kamchatka Pedagogical Institute.
In 1959, PGT Industrial was included in the Dam Petropavlovsk.
In 1970, a branch of a ranglessness was organized.
October 31, 1972 - the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was awarded the Order of the Labor Red Banner.
December 27, 1973 - the Leninsky and October regions in the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky are formed
In June 1976, from the Okhotsk coast, the Mikoyan fishing school School moved to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. From this time, it became referred to as HPTU No. 2. Full history of the school on the site.
In 1987, Pkkima (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka Higher Engineering School) is created on the basis of Ukk.
In 1991, the Association of Pkma and Pkkimu occurred, and the School began to be called PKVMU (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka Higher Maritime School).
In 1991 - Kamchatka fishing technical school was renamed Kamchatka Polytechnic Technical Academy.
In 1997 - PKVMa renamed Kgarf (Kamchatka state Academy Fish Fleet).
In 2000 - Kgarf is renamed Kamchatgtu (Kamchatka State Technical University).
October 31, 2000 - Order of the Ministry of Education Russian Federation № 3149 "Kamchatka State Pedagogical Institute"Renamed to Kamchatka State Pedagogical University.
July 15, 2005 - Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 686 "Kamchatka State Pedagogical University" was renamed the state educational institution Higher vocational education "Kamchatka State University".
March 6, 2006 - Order of the Federal Agency for Education No. 120 The State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kamchatka State University" was renamed the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kamchatsky state University Witus Bering.
July 1, 2007 - according to the results of the referendum, became the administrative center of Kamchatka Territory.
November 3, 2011 - the city is assigned honorary title "City of Military Glory".

There is no official division of the city to the districts. On December 19, 1973, the city was divided into Leninsky and October districts, in 1988 this division was abolished. The city administratively subordinated to the villages: a valley, Radygino (p. Radigina - allegedly called the name of one of the first commanders quartered in it, on modern maps and in documents is unreasonably called - Radygino) [Source is not specified 1182 days], Chapaevka, Far Closed, halaktyrka, avacha, moss, Nagorno, Zavoko [source not specified 1363 days].

View of the city center Building on Leninskaya Street in the historic center

View of the Areas of "Horizon" and "Northeast" Soviet street

Economy and industry

Fish mining and recycling

The main branch of the economy of Petropavlovsk is still. Among the largest fishing and fish processing enterprises - CJSC Akros, the fishing collective farm. Lenin, PJSC "Oceanrybflot" and a number of others. In general, the industry, mainly represented by small companies working on seasonally on the salmon rocks of the fish. While in a number of villages of the eastern and west coast of Kamchatka in last years In connection with the construction of new fishing factories, the second breath was obtained, in Petropavlovsk itself, the industry lost its former importance.

Mining industry

In recent years, the mining industry is gaining momentum. The city has offices of mining companies carrying out gold mining (Asachansk, Aginskoye, spring and other deposits), nickel (SHNUCH), platinum (deposits are located in the north of the edge, in Koryaki), as well as silver.

Tourism

Tourism begins to play one of the most important roles in the city's economy, numerous travel companies offer many routes for hot springs, volcanoes, helicoples in the famous Valley of Geysers and Caldera Volcano Uzon, horse hikes, and sea walks, alloys for rivers and fishing. Unfortunately, high rates for air tickets and lack of developed infrastructure, especially high-quality and inexpensive hotels, impede the development of the industry, every year Kamchatka visits only a few tens of thousands of tourists, despite the fact that a million people visit the neighboring Alaska every year.

The closest to the city of volcanoes, called homemade, are lined up in one ridge. Their three: Kozelsky volcano (2189 m), Avachinskaya Sopka (2741 m) and Koryak Natka (3456 m). On the slopes of the Kozel volcano there are two bases - climbing and skiing, working almost year-round. To climb him, like on avoch, training and equipment are not required, unlike the Koryak Sop.

Night City view of the city from the Avachinsk bay, on the far plan of the volcano Koryak Sopka

Energy

The city has two large thermal power plants - CHP-1 and CHP-2, which fully ensure the needs of the city in electricity. Currently, work on the construction of Sobolevo-Petropavlovsk gas pipeline is completed, as a result of which CHP-2 partially operates on natural gas (2 boilers of three). Thus, the dependence of the city from imported fuel is slightly, but decreased. In addition, urban electric networks are connected to Mutnovsky geoes, which is capable of providing up to 62 MW of electricity for the Central Kamchatka Energy Supplies.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is the administrative center of Kamchatka Territory.

The birthday of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is considered to be taken on October 17, 1740, when the Second Kamchatka Expedition of Vitus Bering "Saint Peter" and "Saint Paul" came to the local harbor. The city of Petropavlovsk became only in 1822, then he got the name of the Petropavlovsky port. The city is wearing its modern name since 1924.

The indigenous population of Kamchatka

Kamchatka is one of the least populated Russian regions.

The average population density is very low: 16 square meters. km. territory per person. On the peninsula you can meet representatives of 176 nationalities, nationalities and ethnic groups. The indigenous population is represented by coryats, confessions, euments, aleuts and chukchi, and their history, culture and traditions are of particular interest.

In Kamchatka, you can visit ethnic villages, where you can not only familiarize yourself with the life of the indigenous small peoples of the peninsula, try their national cuisine, but also test themselves in weaving from Berriest, thread on bone, beading.

Separate mention deserve traditional ritual holidays.

Koryak traditional holiday "Meetings of the First Fish" (End of May - June), Alkhalalalay Foreign Handbook (Start of September), Even "Nurgenek" - New Year's Eve on Even Calendar (end of June).

In winter and at the beginning of spring, you can become a viewer of a real race on dog sledding! The most famous of them - "Beringia", every year collecting more and more viewers and participants.