The enemy is inside: what is the danger of dialogue with oneself. What does it mean if a person speaks to himself
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Each of us ever speaks to himself. Strain your imagination and you will hear a muffled chorus of whispering - praising or scourging yourself. There is an opinion that thinking as such is a form of conversation with oneself, says columnist Sarah Sloat. In short, we know ourselves as we know other people — through dialogue.
Here is the definition of talking to oneself given by psychologist James Hardy, who explores this topic: "The dialogue with which the individual interprets his feelings and ideas, regulates and changes evaluative judgments and beliefs, gives himself instructions and encourages himself."
Some psychologists believe that our "I" consists of two parts: one of them controls our mind and perception, and the other simply acts. Talking with yourself can become a bridge between the two.
These conversations can be extremely useful or harmful, depending on how you approach this. Everyone has these conversations in their own way, but here are three tricks that can turn them into a useful exercise.
You and not me
It matters whether you refer to yourself as “you” or say “I”. It is better to refer to yourself using the pronoun of not the first, but the second person, that is, call yourself “you” and also by name. By changing the way we turn to ourselves, we can better regulate our behavior, thoughts and feelings. Saying "you" to yourself or calling yourself by name, we create the necessary psychological distance that allows us to talk about what is happening to us as if a little from the side. This technique also helps reduce stress in people with social phobia, and helps calm down when you think about events after the fact.
Be softer with you
Dialogue with oneself creates a space for reflection, but it is not always to our advantage. The best option is to cheer yourself up. It is proved that attempts to motivate oneself, for example, help athletes maintain the necessary level of energy and increase endurance. Positive conversations with ourselves improve our mood and emotionally support us. Conversely, talking to yourself in a critical way, studies show, reduces self-esteem and increases the likelihood of repeating the same conversations in the future. Psychologists say that a person is able to choose how he thinks, and this largely depends on how we talk to ourselves. Therefore, for your well-being, it is important that you at least speak kindly to yourself.
Use in an emergency
The inner voice helps us control our impulsive behavior. For example, when we say to ourselves: “Just take it and do it!” Or: “Don't even look at this piece of cake!” The participants in the experiment were asked to press a button if they saw a certain symbol. Moreover, they had to repeat the same word all the time, which made internal dialogue impossible. In this case, they behaved much more impulsively and controlled themselves worse than in the other part of the experiment, where nothing prevented their inner voice from sounding.
It is also believed that internal dialogue helps when you learn something new. The key to success here is to make your statements short, clear and not contradict one another. Psychologist Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, who studies this issue, explains: “By talking to yourself, you stimulate and direct your actions, and then evaluate the results.”
But, probably, the most valuable thing is that talking with yourself forms the self-control and motivation necessary for success. If we tell ourselves that we can be successful, the chances of success are greatly increased.
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Thinking out loud alone with yourself does not mean that you are crazy. As it does not seem strange, such conversations can bring tangible benefits. We will talk about why it is so important to at least sometimes think aloud with oneself.
It has long been noticed that talking aloud is one of the characteristic signs of the smartest people. Many geniuses were distinguished by such a feature. This is confirmed not only by historical facts, but is also reflected in the works of literature, painting, and even in scientific works. It is well known that Albert Einstein reasoned aloud when pondering his theories; Immanuel Kant said: “To think is to speak with oneself ... to hear oneself.”
What is this phenomenon and why does a person need it? It turns out that almost all people tend to talk aloud with themselves. And this happens quite often - at least once every few days. Psychologists from the American University of Wisconsin-Madison argue that such a habit is not a deviation, but rather a positive effect on the brain.
Left with yourself, look at both of them.
Stanislav Jerzy Lets
If you are bored alone with yourself, then you are in a bad society.
Jean-Paul Sartre
As a result of talking aloud to a person with himself, the brain begins to work more efficiently, and therefore a person:
1. Can find items faster
An experiment was conducted in which participants were asked to find lost items. Such activity, according to researchers, provokes people to talk with themselves. During the assignment, one group was supposed to be silent, and the participants of the second group could reason with themselves without restrictions. As a result, the second group coped with the task more successfully, its participants quickly found the lost things. Scientists explain this by saying that speech significantly increases attention, speeds up perception and the thought process, which helps the brain quickly find the right solution.
Saying the name of the subject and discussing with ourselves about our previous actions, we activate not only the work of memory, but also better concentrate.
2. Learns faster and thinks faster
It has long been noticed that a mathematical (for example) problem, read aloud by the student himself, is solved faster. The fact is that two channels of perception are involved - the auditory and the visual, plus - reading aloud is somewhat slower than reading "to oneself", and thus the brain perceives the problem condition better and the solution comes faster. Therefore, children in the learning process often pronounce and repeat what they do. This makes it possible to remember for the future how to solve the problems that arise.
When repeating aloud the training material, the same thing happens - the brain better assimilates and stores information (due to several channels of perception), it is structured, and articulatory muscles develop and adapt to the pronunciation of new words, which facilitates the reproduction of learned material in the lesson. As a result, memory improves, speech and verbal handling of complex concepts develop.
3. Calms down, successfully organizes and structures thoughts
In moments of emotional stress (and sometimes in a calm state), a person’s thoughts randomly jump and rush around, there’s a mess in his head. Speaking in a rumor of what excites, inhibits the process of anxiety, slows down the running of thoughts. This allows you to calm down and clarify thoughts. Indeed, in a calm state it is easier to put everything on the shelves, to come to a reasonable, albeit sometimes difficult, decision.
4. Faster to reach the goal
At least once in our lives, each of us said to himself: “everything, from Monday I start a new life - I go on a diet, learn English, go to the gym.” But at least once in a lifetime, each of us did nothing. But if we agreed to run in the mornings with our friend friend, then it is already more difficult to backtrack from the contract.
Saying out loud the goals we set out, we agree to begin to do something with ourselves, we take on a kind of obligation, which is harder to break. That's so interesting the psyche works.
At the same time, discussing every step with us, we prepare the brain and psyche, thereby removing internal resistance and facilitating the task, making everything less complicated, more clear and concrete. We have less energy to fight with ourselves, which means we have more energy left to achieve our goal, this makes it possible to see things in the future, move harder and more confidently forward.
5. Get rid of loneliness
Thoughts aloud are uttered most often when a person is alone in the room. If a person is single or not used to being alone, then this is one of the unconscious ways to get rid of loneliness.
6. Get rid of self-doubt
Speaking aloud the events that have occurred, the person calms down and begins to analyze. Such monologues help relieve emotional stress, coordinate actions and tidy up thoughts. But most importantly, they help to hear oneself, and not just accept the negative opinions of others. And also, to come to the conclusion that not everything is as bad as it seemed at the first moment.
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The reason for the appearance of internal speech
Internal dialogues, whether they are spoken aloud or not, is normal. Scientists suggest that a person talks to himself, on average, about 70% of all time. How did such a conversation with ourselves arise, where does our inner voice come from, and such as it is?
1. Negative internal dialogue. If the parents believe that the child should be kept in tight rein, constantly make comments, prohibit, scold and punish, then the inner voice will tell you that you are inept, lazy, muddler or loser. Such children often grow up pessimistic, non-initiative, insecure, aggressive, and even losers. According to scientists, more often than not, such an inner voice in a child is formed by people who carry negativity and condemnation in real life.
But there is good news! It consists in the fact that your inner voice can be reconfigured to a positive strategy. Finally, hear praise and support from yourself. How to work on yourself?
First, learn to turn off your inner voice in time, especially when you start not just scolding yourself, but just "chewing" for an oversight. To do this, try to focus, for example, at the same time tracking sensations at three different points in the body, or perceive three sounds from your surroundings. With such a load of consciousness, an inner voice with negative information will miss you.
Secondly, learn to be positive about yourself. To your own criticism of yourself, learn to ask yourself the question: “And what was good and positive about what I did or what happened. Was it all so hopeless? ” Learn to see and appreciate all about what you have. When evaluating an event, first of all, think about what was done right and good? And then the internal critic-abuser will not have power over you.
2. Positive internal dialogue. If the child hears from his parents that he is loved and valued, they support him and offer help, or if he can, they call on him to solve the problem himself and then express substantial praise (for example, “as you neatly and quickly did ! ”, And not just“ well done! ”), Then the inner voice will be supportive, encouraging, constructive and attuned to the search for solutions to problems or problems.
An inner voice based on high, but adequate self-esteem, based on love, support and self-esteem, will help in achieving the goals, creating inner harmony, tranquility, increasing internal strength. Our internal dialogue should help in personal life, work and in the process of self-development. It should be concise and constructive, not intimidating, not alarming, not panicking, not reducing self-esteem. And also, to be able to shut up in time, so as not to distract from the outside world and real life.
Pathology
All of the above, of course, does not apply to pathological conditions when a person talks to an invisible interlocutor, especially if it lasts for a long time. Such strange behavior of a loved one should alert, this is an occasion to seek professional help. Moreover, this is not a runny nose - it will not pass by itself. Be healthy!
In psychology, internal dialogue is one of the forms of thinking, the process of a person’s communication with himself. It becomes the result of the interaction of different ego states: “child”, “adult” and “parent”. The inner voice often criticizes us, gives advice, appeals to common sense. But is he right? T&P learned from several people from different areas how their inner voices sound, and asked the psychologist to comment on this.
Internal dialogue has nothing to do with schizophrenia. Everyone has voices in their heads: we ourselves (our personality, character, experience) speak to ourselves, because our I consists of several parts, and the psyche is very complicated. Thinking and reflection are impossible without internal dialogue. However, it is not always, however, framed as a conversation, and it is not always that part of the remarks seems to utter the voices of other people - as a rule, relatives. A “voice in the head” can also sound like one’s own, or it can “belong” to a completely stranger: a classic of literature, a beloved singer.
From the point of view of psychology, an internal dialogue is a problem only if it is developing so actively that it begins to interfere with a person in everyday life: distracts him, confuses him from thought. But more often this silent conversation “with oneself” becomes material for analysis, a field for searching for sore spots and a testing ground for developing a rare and valuable ability to understand and support oneself.
Novel
sociologist, marketer
It is difficult for me to single out any characteristics of the inner voice: shades, timbre, intonation. I understand that this is my voice, but I hear it in a completely different way, not like the others: it is more booming, low, rude. Usually in an internal dialogue I imagine an acting role model of some situation, hidden direct speech. For example, - what would I say to one or another public (moreover, the public can be very different: from casual passers-by to clients of my company). I need to convince them, to convey my thoughts to them. Usually I also lose intonation, emotion and expression.
At the same time, there is no discussion as such: there is an internal monologue with reflections like: “What if?”. Does it ever happen that I call myself an idiot? It happens. But this is not a condemnation, but rather a cross between annoyance and a statement of fact.
If I need a third-party opinion, I change the prism: for example, I try to imagine what one of the classics of sociology would say. The sound of the voices of the classics is no different from mine: I remember exactly the logic and the “optics”. I distinguish vividly alien voices only in a dream, and they are accurately modeled by real counterparts.
Anastasia
prepress specialist
In my case, the inner voice sounds like my own. Basically, he says: “Nastya, stop it,” “Nastya, don’t be dumb” and “Nastya, you are a fool!” This voice appears infrequently: when I feel uncollected, when my own actions cause me discontent. The voice is not angry - rather, annoyed.
I have never heard in my thoughts neither my mother's, my grandmother's, nor anyone else's voice: only mine. He can scold me, but within a certain framework: without humiliation. This voice, rather, like my coach: presses the buttons that prompt me to action.
Ivan
screenwriter
What I hear in my mind is not framed as a voice, but I recognize this person by the structure of thoughts: she looks like my mother. And even more precisely: this is an “internal editor” that explains how to make mother like it. For me, as a hereditary filmmaker, this is an unflattering name, because in the Soviet years for an artist (director, writer, playwright), an editor is a dumb protege of the regime, not a very educated censorship worker, reveling in his own power. It’s unpleasant to realize that such a type in you censors thoughts and cuts off wings of creativity in all areas.
The "internal editor" gives many of his comments on the case. However, the question is the purpose of this “case”. To summarize, he says: "Be like everyone and do not lean out." He feeds the inner coward. “You need to be an excellent student”, because it eliminates the problems. Everyone likes it. He makes it difficult to understand what I want myself, whispers that comfort is good, and the rest is later. This editor does not really allow me to be an adult in the good sense of the word. Not in the sense of dullness and lack of game space, but in the sense of maturity of a person.
I hear an inner voice, mainly in situations that remind me of childhood, or when a direct manifestation of the creative component and imagination is necessary. Sometimes I succumb to the "editor", and sometimes not. The most important thing is to recognize his intervention in time. Because it is well camouflaged, hiding behind pseudologic conclusions, which actually do not make sense. If I recognized him, I’m trying to understand what the problem is, what I want and where the truth really is. When this voice, for example, interferes with my work, I try to stop and go into the space of “complete emptiness”, starting from the beginning. The difficulty lies in the fact that the "editor" can be difficult to distinguish from simple common sense. To do this, you need to listen to intuition, move away from the meaning of words and concepts. Often this helps.
Irina
translator
My internal dialogue is framed as the voices of my grandmother and girlfriend Masha. These are people whom I considered close and important: I lived with my grandmother as a child, and Masha was there at a difficult time for me. Grandmother’s voice says that I have crooked hands and that I’m poor. And Masha’s voice repeats different things: that I got in touch with the wrong people again, I’m leading the wrong lifestyle and not doing what I need. They both always blame me. At the same time, voices appear at different times: when something does not work out for me - my grandmother “says”, and when everything works out for me and I feel good - Masha.
I react to the appearance of these voices aggressively: I try to silence them, I mentally argue with them. I tell them in return that I know better what and how to do with my life. Most often I get to argue with my inner voice. But if not, I feel guilty and I feel bad.
Kira
prose editor
Mentally, sometimes I hear my mother’s voice, which condemns me and devalues \u200b\u200bmy achievements, doubts me. This voice is always dissatisfied with me and says: “Why are you! Are you out of your mind? Better do profitable business: you have to earn. ” Or: "You must live like everyone else." Or: "You will not succeed: you are nobody." It appears if I have to take a bold step or take a risk. In such situations, the inner voice seems to be trying to manipulate (“mom is upset”) to incline me to the safest and most unremarkable course of action. In order for him to be satisfied, I must be imperceptible, diligent, and everyone should like it.
I also hear my own voice: he calls me not by name, but by the nickname that my friends came up with. Usually he sounds a little annoyed, but friendly, and says: “So. Stop it, "Well, what are you, baby" or "That's it, come on." It encourages me to concentrate or take action.
Ilya Shabshin
consultant psychologist, leading specialist of the Psychological Center on Volkhonka
This whole collection speaks of what psychologists know well: most of us have very strong internal criticism. We communicate with ourselves mainly in the language of negativity and rude words, using the whip method, and we have practically no self-support skills.
In Roman's commentary, I liked the technique, which I would even call psychotechnics: “If I need a third-party opinion, I try to imagine what one of the classics of sociology would say.” This technique can be used by people of different professions. In Eastern practices, there is even the concept of an “inner teacher” - a deep wise inner knowledge that can be addressed when it is difficult for you. A professional usually has one or another school or authority figures. Imagine one of them and ask what he would say or do - this is a productive approach.
A clear illustration of the general topic is Anastasia’s comment. A voice that sounds like your own and says: “Nastya, you are a fool! Do not be dumb. Stop it, ”is, of course, according to Eric Burn, the Criticizing Parent. It’s especially bad that a voice appears when it feels “unassembled” if its own actions cause dissatisfaction, that is, when, in theory, the person just needs to be supported. Instead, the voice trampled into the ground ... And although Anastasia writes that he acts without humiliation, this is a little comfort. Maybe, as a “trainer," he presses the wrong buttons, and it is not worth kicking, reproaching, or insulting to incite yourself to action? But, I repeat, such an interaction with oneself is, unfortunately, typical.
You can induce yourself to action by first removing fears, saying to yourself: “Nastya, everything is in order. It's okay, we’ll figure it out now. ” Or: "Here, look: it turned out well." "Well done, you can do it!" “And remember how then you did a great job?” This method is suitable for any person who is inclined to criticize himself.
In the text of Ivan, the last paragraph is important: the psychological algorithm for the struggle with the internal critic is described here. Point One: “Recognize Intervention.” Such a problem often arises: something negative is masked, hiding behind useful statements, penetrates a person’s soul and brings his own order there. Next, the analyst turns on, trying to understand what the problem is. According to Eric Burn, this is the adult part of the psyche, rational. Ivan even has authorial techniques: “to go out into the space of complete emptiness”, “to listen to intuition”, “to move away from the meaning of words and understand everything.” Well done! On the basis of general rules and a common understanding of what is happening, you need to find your approach to what is happening. As a psychologist, I applaud Ivan: he learned to speak well with himself. Well, what he is fighting with is a classic: the internal editor is the same critic.
“At school, we are taught to extract square roots and conduct chemical reactions, but they don’t teach us to communicate normally with ourselves anywhere”
Ivan has one more interesting observation: “One must not lean out and be an excellent student”. Kira notes the same thing. Her inner voice also says that she should be invisible and everyone should like. But this voice introduces its own alternative logic, because you can either be the best or not stick out. However, such statements are not taken from reality: all these are internal programs, psychological attitudes from various sources.
The setting “do not lean out” (like most others) is taken from upbringing: in childhood and adolescence, a person draws conclusions about how to live, gives himself instructions based on what he hears from parents, educators, and teachers.
In this regard, Irina’s example looks sad. Close and important people - a grandmother and a friend - tell her: "You have crooked hands, and you are unlucky," "you live wrong." There is a vicious circle: the grandmother condemns her when something does not work, and her friend - when everything is fine. Total criticism! Neither when it is good nor when it is bad, there is no support and comfort. Always minus, always negative: either you are unintelligible, or something else is wrong with you.
But Irina is great, she behaves like a fighter: she makes the voices fall silent or argues with them. So it is necessary to act: the power of the critic, whoever he is, must be weakened. Irina says that more often than not she gets an argument, - by this phrase it can be assumed that the opponent is strong. And in this regard, I would suggest that she try other ways: firstly (since she hears it like a voice), imagine that it comes from the radio, and she turns the volume knob towards the minimum, so that the voice fades, it gets worse is heard. Then, probably, his power will weaken, and it will become easier to argue with him - or even just to brush him aside. After all, such an internal struggle creates quite a lot of tension. Moreover, Irina writes at the end that she feels guilty if she cannot argue.
Negative ideas penetrate deeply into our psyche in the early stages of its development, and it is especially easy in childhood, when they come from large authoritative figures, which, in fact, cannot be argued with. The child is small, and around him are the huge, important, strong masters of this world - adults, on whom his life depends. There is no arguing here.
In adolescence, we also solve complex problems: we want to show ourselves and others that you are already an adult, not a small one, although in reality, at heart, you understand that this is not entirely true. Many teenagers become vulnerable, although they look prickly in appearance. At this time, statements about yourself, about your appearance, about who you are and what you are, fall into the soul and later become dissatisfied with inner voices that scold and criticize. We talk to ourselves so badly, so disgustingly, as we would never talk to other people. You will never say anything like that to a friend - and in your head your voices towards you can easily allow yourself that.
To correct them, first of all, you need to realize: “Not always what sounds in my head is sensible thoughts. There may be opinions and judgments, simply learned once. They don’t help me, it’s not useful to me, and their advice doesn’t lead to anything good. ” We need to learn how to recognize them and deal with them: refute, muffle or otherwise remove the inner critic from us, replacing him with an internal friend who provides support, especially when it is bad or difficult.
At school, we are taught to extract square roots and conduct chemical reactions, but they don’t teach us to communicate normally with ourselves anywhere. Instead of self-criticism, you need to cultivate healthy self-support in yourself. Of course, you do not need to draw holiness nimbus around your own head. When it’s difficult, you need to be able to encourage yourself, support, praise, remind yourself of successes, achievements and strengths. Do not humiliate yourself as a person. Say to yourself: “In a specific area, at a particular moment, I can make a mistake. But this has nothing to do with my human dignity. My dignity, my positive attitude towards myself as a person is an unshakable foundation. And mistakes are normal and even good: I will learn a lesson from them, I will develop and move on. ”
Icons: Justin Alexander from the Noun Project
We all conduct internal dialogues with ourselves, as in the famous song: "Quietly with myself, quietly with myself I am talking." And such “conversations” are not surprising at all of the people around us, because no one hears them. But sometimes you have to deal with someone who is very enthusiastically talking with an invisible interlocutor aloud. It is clearly seen that such a person does not even understand that he is not just pondering some serious question, how do we all "talk" with ourselves in our minds, but we are conducting a dialogue, answering the words that, it seems to him, come from the outside. Why do people talk to themselves and why they don’t notice that in fact they don’t have any interlocutor?
Talking to yourself is a sign of psychosis.
When a person speaks to himself without waiting for an answer, this may be an early symptom of schizophrenia. Of course, if he mumbles something under his breath just a day or two, then this is not necessarily a sign of pathology. But if someone laughs for no reason, or if he has been talking aloud for a rather long period, and all this along with other behavioral abnormalities - such as hallucinations, social isolation, emotional disorders, strange behavior - then this person no doubt needs urgent consultation with a psychiatrist.
The most characteristic manifestation of psychosis is the presence of hallucinations. Hallucination is a false perception of reality in any of the five sensory modalities, when an external stimulus does not really exist, but people who are hallucinated see, hear or sense a non-existent object. Hallucinations can occur in the twilight state between sleep and waking, in delirium, delirium tremens or during exhaustion; they can also be called under hypnosis. Most often, hallucinations are just visual.
Persistent hallucinations are characteristic of schizophrenia. In one type of this disease, sick people believe that they hear a blaming command voice, to which they react in complete panic, with the manifestation of complete obedience or with an attempt to defend themselves or even suicide. They are somewhat different from hallucinations of illusion - if hallucinations occur without any stimulus from the outside, then illusions are characterized by a false perception of the actual stimulus.
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterized by a variety of symptoms. Among them are the loss of contact with reality, the strange behavior already mentioned above, disorganized thinking and speech, a decrease in emotional expressiveness and social isolation. Usually, one patient does not have all, but only some of the symptoms, and each person has a combination of these symptoms.
The term "schizophrenia" itself comes from the Greek words "schizo" (which means "split") and "freno" ("mind, soul"), and it can be translated as "separation of the soul." However, contrary to popular belief, schizophrenia cannot be attributed to a person with a split personality or multiple personality syndrome.
What is the difference between schizophrenia and a split personality?
Schizophrenia and a split personality are often confused, and some people think this is one and the same. In fact, these are two completely different diseases. Schizophrenia is a disorder in the functioning of the brain; some people are already born with this disorder, because it can be inherited. But the symptoms of the disease usually do not develop for many years. In men, symptoms begin to manifest in late adolescence or at the age of twenty; for women, a manifestation of symptoms between twenty and thirty years is characteristic. Of course, it happens that the symptoms of schizophrenia appear in childhood, but this happens extremely rarely.
When a person suffers from schizophrenia, he experiences hallucinations and delusions, sees things that do not exist, talks to someone whom he sees quite clearly, believes in things that in no way correspond to reality. For example, he can see demons who sit down with him at the table during dinner; or can quite sincerely believe that he is the son of God. People with such disabilities also suffer from disordered thinking, decreased attention span, and focus problems. They also lose their ability to take the initiative and draw up and implement some kind of plans. As a rule, such people cannot be socially adapted.
Often a person suffering from schizophrenia believes that the voices that he hears exist in order to control him or cause harm. He probably becomes very scared when he hears them. He can sit for hours without movement and speak, speak ... A sane person, observing a patient with schizophrenia, will not catch a single drop of meaning in his speech. Some people with a similar disorder look quite adequate; but that’s only until they start talking, and more often than not, talking to themselves. Schizophrenia is also marked by clumsy, uncoordinated movements and an inability to take care of oneself sufficiently.
The main difference between schizophrenia and a split personality is that the latter disorder is not congenital. This mental state is caused by certain events that occur in a person’s life, and they are usually associated with some psychological injuries received in childhood. This may be, for example, physical or sexual abuse. People with this disease, as it were, develop additional personalities, as a way to cope with a traumatic event. In order to be diagnosed with a split personality, a person must have at least one alternative personality that significantly controls his behavior.
Only one patient can develop up to a hundred personalities, but on average their number is ten. These can be “additional” personalities of the same sex, the other sex, or both sexes at the same time. Sometimes different personalities of the same person even take on different physical characteristics, such as a particular way of moving or a different level of health and stamina. But depression and self-harming attempts can become common to all facets of the personality of the same person.
There are several signs that are the same for schizophrenia, and for a split personality. Patients with schizophrenia may have hallucinations; while people with a split personality do not always experience them, yet about a third of patients also have hallucinations. A split personality can cause behavioral problems and difficulty concentrating while studying at a young age; this can confuse specialists who sometimes confuse such a disorder with schizophrenia, since it develops and manifests itself most often in adolescence.
As you can see, if a person talks aloud with an invisible interlocutor, this can be a sign of a very serious condition. Therefore, you must do everything possible so that the person close to you receives the necessary help as soon as possible - otherwise he can do irreparable harm to himself!
The norm includes behavior in which a person in the process of mental stress or exertion speaks information in order to more easily absorb it. For example, memorizing terms and definitions, performing computational actions and others.
However, if a person maintains a dialogue with an imaginary interlocutor, hears non-existent voices and suffers from other hallucinations, one should speak of a mental disorder. A preliminary diagnosis is made by a doctor in the analysis of human behavior and his complaints.
Currently, people are constantly in stress and anxiety. As a rule, the human mind is constantly busy solving problems that result in disturbed sleep and rest, so the body works with increased stress. A lifestyle in which a person is constantly in a state of mental stress, lasting a long time, is likely to lead to depletion of the nervous system and neurotic reactions.
Prolonged depression, tragic events, and other emotional upheavals can cause neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, such disorders are accompanied by a person’s behavior when he speaks to himself. It should be noted that women, due to their characteristic emotionality, increased sensitivity and anxiety, are more prone to neurosis.
Causes of neurotic disorders and their consequences
Lack of joy and relaxation, poor nutrition, pessimism, continuous stress and responsibility, high anxiety and others can lead to a neurotic disorder, such as depression. Anxious, depressed state of a person negatively affects the work of internal organs. A malfunction in the body is dangerous because it can lead to various diseases.
Any mental disorders should be observed by a doctor who will prescribe the necessary treatment. You should not take medicinal sedatives, for example, antidepressants, without the recommendation of a doctor. Since each disorder has its own treatment regimen, and drugs have side effects.
It is important to protect your mental health, relax on time, avoid stress, do not overload the body with loads, carefully monitor your overall health. You should fill your life with hobbies and hobbies, surround yourself with loved ones and friends, love life and enjoy yourself in spite of problems.
