Character traits and their manifestation. What qualities are especially appreciated by men and women

“How many people - so many characters,” we often repeat. And this is true, there are no two identical people, and even twins, so indistinguishable at first glance, at the second turn out to be completely different people. People have different value systems, hobbies, principles and worldviews, react differently to external stimuli. The nature of man determines his actions, from which life is composed. MirSovetov invites you to trace together what the character is made of and whether it is possible to change it.

Scientists psychologists call the character an individual combination of those personality traits that are manifested in the actions of a person and determine his attitude to the environment.

Translated from Greek, the word "character" - Charakter - means "imprint", "chasing". Already from the name itself it is clear that in all ages character was considered as a stable system of personality traits of a person’s personality, such a kind of inner core, onto which other properties are strung like rings.

Character is closely related to his abilities. To some extent, it is one of the constituent parts of character, because determines the form of manifestation of human reactions, the dynamics of his mental processes. The type of temperament cannot be changed, but a person with a strong will can control and correct his negative traits. The concept of abilities is also included in the definition of character. For example, developing the ability to work, we simultaneously develop hard work, as a character trait.
Types of temperament are usually inherited by a child from one of the parents. But temperament is only the basis for the education of various character traits. For example, persistence can be instilled in both choleric and phlegmatic, but it will manifest itself in ebullient activity in one and methodical work in another. Character is not an innate and unchanging property; it is formed under the influence of life experience, upbringing, and the environment.

There is a branch of psychology dedicated to the study of the nature of man. It is called characterology. Characterology stood out as a separate discipline not so long ago, but in ancient times attempts were made to study and predict the character of a person. For example, the study of the influence of a person’s name on his character, the selection of favorable combinations of name and patronymic. Physiognomy - the doctrine of the relationship of a person’s appearance and his character. Even graphology, a science that establishes a connection between a person’s handwriting and his character, can also be attributed to one of the forerunners of characterology.

Character traits

In the character of each person, one can distinguish common groups of traits. Different scientists suggest different division of character traits into groups. There are many classifications, from highly specialized to popular science. One of the most obvious ways of dividing into groups is the B.M. system Teplova.
In the first group, this scientist singled out general character traits, those that are the psychological basis of personality. These are qualities such as integrity, honesty, courage and, naturally, their antipodes: cowardice, insincerity.
The second group includes those character traits in which the person’s attitude to other people is manifested. Those. sociability and isolation, kindness and hostility, attentiveness and indifference.
The third group of character traits are those traits that express a person’s attitude to himself. This group includes pride and conceit, vanity, arrogance and self-esteem, and adequate pride.
The fourth large group of traits reflects a person’s attitude to work. Hard work and laziness, fear of difficulties and persistence in overcoming them, activity and lack of initiative are included in this group.
In the typologies of character traits of other scientists, it is worth highlighting two very important groups of character traits, normal and abnormal. Normal traits are those that are inherent in mentally healthy people, and abnormal ones are traits of people with mental illnesses.

It is interesting that the same character traits can apply to both normal and abnormal. The thing is how much it is expressed in the character of a person. For example, suspiciousness can be absolutely healthy, but with its dominance, we can talk about paranoia.

Classification of human characters

Having dealt with the main distinguished groups of character traits, it would be reasonable to switch to a typology of characters. But here in modern psychology there is no general classification. And how can characters be classified with the richness of the compatibility of their features in different people? However, such attempts have been made by scientists for a very long time.

For example, there is a separation of characters according to their dominant volitional and emotional qualities. As a result, a strong-willed type of character (effective, with a dominant will) is distinguished, emotional (guided by an emotional background) and rational (sober, based on the arguments of the mind).

At one time, the German psychiatrist Kretschmer classified people according to their composition and hypothesized that people of a certain constitution also have certain character traits.
So asthenics, people of thin physique, with thin bones and weak muscles, have a weak emotionality, love of philosophy and introspection, a tendency to loneliness.
People of the athletic type (medium or high growth, wide chest, excellent muscles) are characterized by strong will, perseverance and even stubbornness.
The third type of constitution is picnic, it is distinguished by average growth, well-developed adipose tissue, weak muscles. People of this type are emotional, tend to enjoy life.
And although later this typology of characters was not recognized as one hundred percent true, there is a grain of truth in it. People with a certain body structure are more likely to suffer from similar ones. The type of human constitution is congenital, it is influenced by a genetic factor, which also causes some ailments. Which makes the hypothesis of general character traits likely. MirSovetov once again emphasizes that we are talking only about certain traits, and not about the character completely.

Character formation

The character of a person changes somewhat throughout his life. These changes occur most often unconsciously, but sometimes a person consciously changes some features. But the basic, basic features are laid back in early childhood and it is safe to say that by 5-6 years the child already has its own character. By the second year of life, the child shows strong-willed traits of character, and by the age of 3-4, business traits are formed. Obvious signs of communicative character traits are manifested by 4-5 years, when the child begins to take an active part in group role-playing games.

In this age period, the character of the child is strongly influenced by adults, the way parents treat the baby. If parents pay attention to the child, talk with him and are interested in his desires, then such a child will most likely develop trust in people, sociability and cheerfulness. Otherwise, the appearance of such traits as isolation, closeness is likely.

In school years, the formation of the character of the child continues, but in the lower grades, the opinion of parents and teachers is a priority, and in the middle grades, peers have a greater influence on the character. In high school, the picture changes again: the opinion of adults is again becoming more significant. But the influence of the elders becomes more indirect, respect for the person as a person and self-esteem of the young man. Also during this period, the mass media acquire a greater influence on the character of a person.
In the future, changes in character will consist of personal life events, meetings with bright charismatic personalities, as well as under the influence of age-related changes. The most noticeable of the latter are personality changes at an older age. At 50, a person finds himself at the junction of the past and the future. He no longer has the habit of making plans and living for the future, but it is too early to indulge in memories. After 60 years, a new stage in human life begins, when the past and the present acquire extraordinary value. Character traits such as leisurelyness, measured. Also, the nature of the onset and the emerging health problems changes somewhat.

How to change your character

As a rule, new character traits are most quickly and fully manifested in a person, if they are similar to existing ones. After thirty years of age, dramatic changes in character occur extremely rarely. And yet it’s never too late to change.

A person can always change character traits that he does not like. There are many methods for this, but all of them are based on one thing: the desire to change must be internal and conscious.
A good helper in changing your character will be a systematic approach. Write on a separate sheet character traits that you want to get rid of. Opposite each feature, write how it appears. Knowing this, it will be easier for you to control yourself and prevent unpleasant actions. The character of a person is created for a long time, it is difficult to eliminate unpleasant features, this requires painstaking and lengthy work. But this is not impossible, and literally the first week presents a particular difficulty. When the control over the manifestation of the “dark” side of your character becomes a habit, it will become much easier to monitor your behavior. And very soon, what you did not like in your character will cease to complicate your life and communication with loved ones.

For example, your negative trait is anger. It manifests itself in the fact that, not having listened to the interlocutor, you manage to be rude to him. You should begin to control your actions: try to listen to the interlocutor to the end, count to five or ten before saying sharpness.

Also good results in changing your character gives a role model. Having chosen a sample (it can be either a real or a fictional person), you begin to look at it. And you ask yourself what he would do in your place. By copying the desired behavior, you will also develop the right ones and minimize the manifestations of negative character traits. Here MirSovetov will only make such a remark: do not try to copy someone else's behavior exactly as it is, superficially. Yes, and it is unlikely you will succeed. You need to understand that you are individual in your own way, and therefore a certain trait will manifest itself with its own peculiar shade.

For example, you want to be as solid in dealing with clients as your work colleague. This does not mean that you should exactly copy its actions. Those. if you see from the side how your colleague calmly and confidently communicates with each of the clients, then, following him, it’s somewhat wrong to put on a “mask of equanimity and confidence”, completely imitating his facial expressions and intonation. Rather, only this will not be enough. It’s better if you also try to figure out why he manages to be so. Surely, your colleague is well versed in his question, has a lot and this gives him confidence in the conversation. Perhaps he is more, filtering out personal, any unreasonable claims and highlighting only really problematic moments, thereby avoiding unnecessary disputes and conflicts. Those. you must sort through the character of the person who serves as your role model and try to develop these qualities in yourself.

It doesn't matter what kind of self-correction system you use. It is important that you sincerely want to change for the better, then nothing will be impossible for you. Remember that there is no limit to perfection, develop in yourself all the best, and MirSovetov wishes you good luck in this!

Often you can hear the statement that the character is given from birth. What if a person was born that way? This is actually a myth. Character traits are formed throughout life from early childhood. The content and combination of these features are influenced by the social environment, life circumstances, culture and traditions of society.

Congenital features of the psyche either affect the character’s mindset, but this influence is not absolute, but is mediated by the interaction of man and society. Human nature is, as it were, polished by society. Therefore, with age, the character can change - some features become brighter, more distinct, while others seem to be muffled, go into the shadows.

About a man whose character traits manifest themselves vividly and leave an imprint on all his behavior, they say that he has a strong character. Weakness is manifested in the inconstancy, instability of personal qualities that make up the character warehouse. For example, when at home a person manifests himself as a narcissistic tyrant, and at work - as a coward and sneak.

Thus, the character is a multi-colored mosaic, from the individual elements of which a unique image of the individual is formed. Speaking about the formation and development of character, we have in mind its individual features, important, significant for the existence of a person in society. And in every society in different historical periods, these can be completely different personality traits.

Character traits and their classification

Any person has many qualities and properties, characteristics of the nervous system, physiology, emotional and motor sphere. We are all very different, but not all manifestations of our nature are related to character.

What is a character trait?

A character trait is not just one of the many qualities of a person, it is characterized by a number of features:

stability, constancy;
manifestation in various activities and areas of life;
connection with motives and personal values;
influence on the formation of stereotypes of behavior and habits;
social conditioning, that is, a connection with the norms of behavior in society.

The presence of such persistent traits allows predicting human behavior. Having learned the nature of your partner, you can confidently say how he will act in a particular case. This greatly facilitates the communication of people.

Trait classification

The qualities of the personality that make up the warehouse of her character, a huge amount, and a simple listing of them would take too much time and place. Therefore, since the time of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, these qualities have been trying to classify, highlighting the main ones.

For example, the Austrian doctor and natural scientist of the beginning of the 19th century F. Gall, developing phrenology (a science that allows describing a person’s character by the structure of his skull), identified 27 basic properties that make up the personality’s warehouse. These included the instinct of reproduction, the need for self-defense, love for offspring, etc. At present, neither the innate instincts nor the physiological characteristics of a person have a relationship to the character, although to a certain extent they can affect his warehouse.

After Gall, attempts to compile a classification of character traits were made repeatedly, but all the time it turned out that some traits did not fit into this classification.

At present, it is customary to divide into types not traits of character, but the scope of their manifestation. Traditionally, there are 4 groups of such personality traits:

Manifesting in relation to other people: individualism and collectivism, indifference and sensitivity, politeness and rudeness, goodwill, and deceit and truthfulness, etc.
Manifesting in relation to oneself: exactingness, self-criticism, self-esteem, etc.
Manifesting in relation to business: initiative and passivity, laziness and hard work, organization and disorganization, perfectionism, etc.
: perseverance, perseverance, determination, independence, willingness to overcome obstacles and own weakness.

But this classification is also not complete, since it did not include such individual characteristics of a person that characterize his attitude to things: accuracy and sloppiness, frugality, stinginess, etc.

Excessive accentuation of individual character traits

Various character traits, mixing, form that unique alloy, which is called a unique person. If some traits or a group of related qualities are overly dominant, as if they are sticking out to the fore, violating the harmony of the image, then they talk about. For example, a pronounced need to be always in sight, a love of "window dressing", obsessive sociability and the desire to openly violate generally accepted norms of behavior speak of a demonstrative type of accentuation. And excessive aggressiveness, intemperance, a tendency to scandals and tantrums are signs of an excitable type of accentuation.

Psychologists assess accentuation as a kind of "ugliness" of character. Even if positive features are highlighted, human behavior often becomes unacceptable, uncomfortable for others. So, it is difficult to coexist with overly accurate fanaticism, and exaggerated cheerfulness and sociability are very tiring.

As already mentioned, each era leaves its mark on socially significant character traits. So, in a society focused on individual success, the most important positive qualities will be considered as determination, initiative, industriousness, independence, self-sufficiency up to individualism. And in a society where collectivism and the ability to subordinate one's desires to the requirements of the collective are considered the main values, individualism is rejected and condemned. But nevertheless, undoubtedly, there are general positive features associated with universal human values. These include the following:

For example, in certain situations, each person may experience, but this does not speak of his cowardice, if he is able to overcome this fear and indecision. Every time from time to time he is prone to laziness, the question is how much laziness prevents a person from living and developing normally. The same can be said of hatred. You can’t love all people together and indiscriminately, but if this feature is strongly expressed, a person can turn into a real monster. Generosity is a good quality, but this does not mean that a person should give out all his property.

There are qualities that can be assessed as both positive and negative, depending on the severity. And it is not always noticeable when, for example, perseverance turns into obstinacy, and the desire to protect oneself and loved ones into aggressiveness.

The main criterion that allows you to find out the ratio of negative and positive traits in your character is the attitude of people around you. The society is a mirror in which your true appearance is reflected, and you should take a closer look at it.

Character traits

Character is an inseparable whole. But it is impossible to study and understand such a complex whole as character, without distinguishing in it individual sides or typical manifestations (character traits). General character traits are manifested in the relationship of the individual to social obligations and duty, to people, to himself. Attitude to social obligations and duty is primarily manifested in relation to the individual to social work. In this regard, such character traits as industriousness, conscientiousness, perseverance, frugality, and the opposite - laziness, carelessness, passivity, squandering, are revealed. A person’s attitude to work has a decisive influence on the formation of his other personal qualities. DI Pisarev wrote: "Character is tempered by labor, and whoever never has earned his living by his own labor, for the most part, he remains forever weak, lethargic and spineless." Attitude to people clearly appears in such character traits as sociability, politeness, goodwill, etc. The antipodes of these traits are isolation, tactlessness, and hostility. According to V. Hugo, "each person has three characters: the one that he is credited with; the one that he ascribes to himself; and, finally, the one that is in reality." In order to clarify the essence of his character, it’s useful for a person to know the opinion of himself about the team in which he works and spends a significant part of his life. And first of all, how orderly his relationships with people are, how much people need him, how authoritative he is among them. Attitude to oneself is manifested in self-esteem of one’s actions. Sober self-esteem is one of the conditions for improving a person's personality, helping to develop character traits such as modesty, integrity, self-discipline. Negative character traits are heightened conceit, arrogance, and boasting. A person who possesses these traits is usually inanimate in the collective and unwittingly creates pre-conflict and conflict situations in him. The other extreme in the character of a person is also undesirable: underestimation of one’s advantages, timidity in expressing one’s position, in upholding one’s views. Modesty and self-criticism should be combined with a heightened sense of self-esteem, based on the consciousness of the real significance of one’s personality, on the presence of known successes in work for the common good. Principle is one of the valuable personal qualities that give the character an active focus. Strong-willed traits of character. Under the will is understood a complex mental process that causes the activity of a person and awakens him to act in a directed manner. Will is the ability of a person to overcome obstacles, to achieve the goal. Specifically, she acts in such character traits as determination, determination, perseverance, courage. These character traits can contribute to the achievement of both socially useful and antisocial goals. For this, it is important to determine what is the motive of the volitional behavior of a person. “A brave act, the motive of which is to enslave another person, to seize someone else’s good, in promotion, and a brave act, the motive of which is to help the common cause, have, of course, completely different psychological qualities.” According to volitional activity, characters are divided into strong and weak. People with a strong character have sustainable goals, are proactive, boldly make decisions and implement them, have great endurance, courageous and courageous. People in whom these qualities are poorly expressed or some of them are absent are classified as weak-character. They are characterized by a passive manifestation of their business and personal qualities. Often, such people, having the best intentions, do not achieve significant results in work, study. Many of them sincerely experience their inability to act independently, persistently and decisively.

Strong-willed qualities can be brought up in a person. I.P. Pavlov emphasized that man is the only system capable of regulating itself over a wide range, that is, it can self-improve. Weak-minded people with thoughtful pedagogical work with them can become actively active. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of a person, for example, his temperament. So, it’s easier for a choleric to develop activity and determination than for a melancholic one. A man himself must train his will from a young age, develop such qualities as self-control, activity, courage.

The most objective and irrefutable data on the character of a person is provided not by his passport data, not by his appearance, not by his involuntary actions, but by conscious behavior. It is precisely because of this that it is not from possible actions that a person chooses in a particular situation, his character is evaluated. The nature of man is quite multifaceted. This is already evident in the process of activity: one does everything quickly, the other slowly and thoroughly, carefully thinks, acting for sure, and the third immediately grabs the job without thinking, and only after some period of time, without solving the problem, he looks around and coordinates his actions according to circumstances. These features, distinguished in human behavior, are called traits, or sides, of a character. Any trait is some stable stereotype of behavior.

However, character traits cannot be torn from typical situations in which they appear, in some situations even a polite person can be rude. Therefore any character trait is a stable form of behavior in connection with specific situations typical of this type of behavior.

According to Yu.M. Orlova, along with situations in which a certain trait of a person is found, its essential characteristic is the likelihood that this type of behavior will take place in this situation. One can speak of any trait as a stable characteristic of a person, if the probability of its manifestation in a certain situation is high enough. However, probability means that this feature does not always manifest itself, otherwise it would be a matter of purely mechanical behavior. Such an understanding of character traits is very similar to a manifestation of a person’s habit: in certain conditions, act in a certain way. A character trait includes a certain way of thinking, understanding. In the performance of a characteristic act volitional mechanisms are included, feelings are involved. Contributing to human behavior, a character trait in behavior is formed. The formation of character traits cannot be divorced from the formation of behavior motives. Motives of behavior, realized in action, entrenched in it, are fixed in character. Every effective motive that acquires stability, according to S.L. Rubinstein is in potentiality the future character trait in its origin and development, in the motives the character traits appear for the first time in the form of trends, the action then leads them to stable properties. The path to the formation of character traits therefore lies through the formation of appropriate motives of behavior and the organization of actions aimed at consolidating them.

The most common character properties are located along the axes: strength - weakness; hardness - softness; integrity - inconsistency; latitude is narrowness. If character strength is understood as the energy with which a person pursues goals, his ability to passionately get carried away and develop a great tension of forces when faced with difficulties, his ability to overcome them, then weakness of character is associated with manifestation of cowardice, indecision, “asthenicity” in achieving goals, instability of views, etc. Strength of character means strict consistency, perseverance in achieving goals, defending views, etc., while softness of character is manifested in flexible adaptation to changing conditions, achieving a goal through some concessions, and finding reasonable compromises. The integrity or inconsistency of character is determined by the degree of combination of leading and secondary character traits. If the leading and secondary harmonize, if there are no contradictions in aspirations and interests, then such a character is called whole, if they sharply contrast, then it is contradictory.

Moreover, the unity, versatility of character does not exclude the fact that in different situations the same person manifests different and even opposite properties. A person can be very gentle and very demanding at the same time, soft, compliant and at the same time firm to inflexibility. And the unity of his character can not only be preserved, despite this, but it is in this that is manifested.

Of great importance for characterological manifestations is the relationship of intellectual personality traits. The depth and severity of thought, the unusual formulation of the question and its solution. Intellectual initiative, confidence and independence of thinking - all this constitutes the originality of the mind as one of the aspects of character. However, how a person uses his mental abilities will depend on the character. Often there are people who have highly intellectual data, but do not give anything of value precisely because of their characterological features.

The real achievements of man depend not on merely abstractly taken mental capabilities, but on a specific combination of his features and characterological properties.

However, most of the individual manifestations that form the character of a person are complex and practically do not lend themselves to classification according to individual properties and conditions (for example, vindictiveness, suspicion, generosity, etc.). At the same time, individual qualities of volitional (decisiveness, independence, etc.) and intellectual (depth of mind, criticality, etc.) spheres can be considered as components of a person’s character and used to analyze it. All character traits have a natural relationship between themselves.

In the most general form, character traits can be divided into main, leading, defining a general orientation to the development of the whole complex of its manifestations, and secondary, determined by the main ones.

Knowing the leading features allows you to reflect the main essence of the character, to show its main manifestations.

Although every character trait reflects one of the manifestations of a person’s relationship to reality, this does not mean that any attitude will be a character trait. Only some relationships, depending on the conditions, become character traits.

From the totality of the relationship of the individual to the surrounding reality, character-forming forms of relations should be distinguished: the decisive, paramount and general vital significance of those objects to which the person belongs. These relations simultaneously serve as the basis for the classification of the most important character traits. The character of a person is manifested in a system of relations:

1. In relation to other people (at the same time, one can distinguish such character traits as sociability - isolation, truthfulness - deceit, tactfulness - rudeness, etc.)

2. In relation to the case (responsibility - dishonesty, hard work - laziness, etc.).

3. In relation to oneself (modesty - self-love, self-criticism - self-confidence, etc.)

4. In relation to property (generosity - greed, thrift - wastefulness. Accuracy - sloppiness, etc.). It should be noted a certain conventionality of this classification and the close relationship, the interpenetration of these aspects of relations.

5. Despite the fact that these relations are important from the point of view of character formation, they do not simultaneously and not immediately become character traits. There is a certain sequence in the transition of these relations into character traits, and in this sense it is impossible to put on one line, for example, the attitude to other people and the attitude to property, because their very content plays a different role in the real being of man. The decisive role in the formation of character is played by a person’s attitude to society, to people. The character of a person cannot be revealed and understood outside the collective, without taking into account his attachments in the form of partnership, friendship, love, etc.

The relationship of a person with other people is decisive in relation to activity, giving rise to increased activity, tension, innovation, or, conversely, calmness, lack of initiative. Attitude to other people and to activity, in turn, determines the attitude of a person to his own personality, to himself. Correct, evaluative attitude to another person is the main condition for self-esteem.

Attitude to other people not only acts as an important part of character, but also forms the basis for the formation of personality consciousness, necessarily including attitude to oneself as an actor, depending primarily on the form of activity itself. With a change in activity, not only the subject, methods, and operations of this activity change; at the same time, the restructuring of the attitude towards oneself as an actor occurs.

A painful condition, accompanied by a syndrome of motivational insufficiency, hypochondria, periodically arising acute feelings about his laziness. A character trait that reflects the ease of the formation of emotions of anger, which often turn into verbal and other forms of aggression. Particularly brutal ways of committing crimes, to indicate certain properties of the nature of the crime. Cruelty can be intentional and involuntary, realized in certain actions, verbal behavior (causing torture by words) or in the imagination - fantasizing, operating in the form of tortures, torments of people or animals.

Human qualities - a set of stable mental formations of a person, with the help of which he exerts influence on society, is active, interacts with other people. To describe a person as a person, one needs to characterize his qualities, how he reveals himself to others through actions and deeds.

Personal qualities of a person

A genetic predisposition in the development of personal qualities plays an important role, but the environment in which a person develops cannot be ruled out. Surrounded by other people, the child absorbs different patterns of behavior, learns to read reactions to certain actions, and to realize which qualities are welcomed in society and which are not. Personal qualities of a person develop throughout life and a person often has the choice to prove himself from a good or worse side.

Good qualities of man

The qualities of a good person always resonate in people and find approval in society. These qualities can be enumerated indefinitely, some are inherited from the ancestors, others must be developed if desired. Positive qualities of a person - list:

sincerity;
cheerfulness;
altruism;
reliability;
tenderness;
charm;
sociability;
punctuality;
fidelity;
decency;
caring.

Bad human qualities

Negative traits or qualities are inherent in each person, even the ancient sages pointed to the duality of man and compared the "good" and "evil" in him with two wolves - good and evil, fighting among themselves, and the one whom the person feeds more will win. Poor qualities manifest themselves fully if the child has not learned the moral values \u200b\u200bof society, often such children grow up in dysfunctional families, but it happens that a person is inherently bad in nature.

Negative human qualities - list:

envy;
selfishness;
arrogance;
pride;
hypocrisy;
laziness;
aggressiveness;
cruelty;
greed;
vanity;
deceitfulness;
indifference.

What is the relationship between human activities and qualities?

All human qualities stem from basic needs - to be accepted, respected, live in security, fulfill oneself, so the connection is direct. Needs give rise to activity, and in order to satisfy needs, certain qualities of a person are needed, for example professional ones, are needed for recognition. Endurance, self-discipline and perseverance are important for victories in sports. Choosing a direction of activity, a person educates in himself those qualities that are necessary for its implementation.

What are the qualities of a person?

The physical qualities of a person are determined by his stamina and natural data, other qualities of a higher order relate to character traits, disposition. Those and others are formed throughout life, many of them it is important to develop for the formation of personality in childhood. Qualities are moral, strong-willed, professional - they all reflect the inner world of a person, what he is.

The moral qualities of man

Morality and morality are closely related and these qualities flow from one another. The qualities of a cultured person such as courtesy, tact, respect for their heritage and nature are the basis of well-being in society. Among the moral qualities, the following can be distinguished:

philanthropy - kindness to people, help to the weak and destitute;
respect for others - the understanding that everyone is different and every person has something to respect;
fidelity - a quality that relates both to oneself (to be faithful to one’s principles) and a more global concept - fidelity to the Motherland;
disinterestedness - performing actions with good intentions, without seeking profit for oneself;
spirituality - a quality that includes all moral aspects and religiosity exalting the spirit of man.

Moral qualities of man

The qualities of a disciplined person are important for the existence of society. The norms and values \u200b\u200bof society form a certain general framework or basis on which people orient themselves and pass on to their children. A person expresses his inner “I” through behavior and manners - these are moral qualities that are formed through intelligence, emotions and will. Conventionally, a person’s moral qualities can be divided into 3 categories of “necessary”, “possible”, “impossible”.

Moral qualities from the category “necessary” are the ability to act for the common good:

debt;
a responsibility;

Qualities from the category of “possible” are all those manifestations of a personality that do not conflict with internal beliefs and principles:

honour;
dignity;
conscience;
sense of justice.

envy;
shamelessness;
cunning;
tendency to lie.

Volitional qualities of man

Strong human qualities are stable mental formations that define a person as mature with a high level of conscious self-regulation of behavior, which controls itself in different situations. Doctor of Psychological Sciences V.K. Kalin, studying the emotional-volitional qualities of a person, divided them into 2 large groups: basal and systemic.

Basal (primary) volitional qualities:

patience - the ability not to force events and to chase a quick result, but to support work with an extra effort, to go at a given pace, even if circumstances are not developing properly (obstacles, delays, internal fatigue);
courage - resisting fear, taking risks, maintaining calm in stressful situations;
energy - quality that allows you to raise activity to the desired level with the effort of the will;
self-control and endurance - the ability not to go beyond feelings, impulsive actions, self-control, emotions, behavior.

Systemic volitional qualities:

determination - striving for the goal, supporting the “internal compass” leading to the result;
perseverance - ability to overcome difficulties;
sequence - following a single guiding principle, not exchanging for a secondary one;
initiative - the ability to embody the ideas that have arisen;
integrity - the quality of the individual, allowing you to be guided by certain moral principles and not change them.

Social qualities of a person

A man cannot exist outside of society, as individuals people are revealed in society interacting with each other. Man affects society, and society affects man - this process is always two-way. Each person performs several social roles, and each role has its own set of qualities that reveal it. The positive qualities of a person help him to reveal himself in society from the best side and bring harmony.

Social qualities of people:

self-awareness is an important ability that allows a person to realize himself in a social system;
social identification - the ability of a person to self-identify with other people consciously or emotionally;
self-esteem - the ability to adequately evaluate oneself without exceeding or belittling one’s own merits is an important component of the self-concept;
social activity - skills and abilities to produce socially significant actions for the development of society;
worldview - a set of views, values, norms and attitudes that determines a person’s attitude to society and the world as a whole.

Business qualities of a person

Professional qualities of a person show his competence and are defined as a specialist, are formed on the basis of existing qualities and abilities. When applying for a job, the employer without fail examines what qualities and skills the applicant has. Qualities that are important for a person’s business (for each type of profession, there may be requirements):

fast learner;
organizational skills;
sociability;
independence in work;
initiative;
ability to work within the framework of multitasking;
ability to speak to an audience;
experience in conducting business negotiations;
accuracy;
ability to plan a working day;
high stress resistance;
tact and courtesy in interpersonal relationships;
analytic mind;
literacy;
organizational skills.

What qualities are necessary for a person to achieve a goal?

If you ask any person what helps them to achieve their goals and objectives, everyone will have different answers - this is such an individual process and depends on a number of circumstances and character, values \u200b\u200bembedded in childhood. The qualities of a creative person are inspiration and creativity, the “down to earth” needs self-discipline and hard work. What moves one towards the goal, is not even another help, each has its own path to success and yet there is a standard view of people about what these qualities should be.

We talk about the main character traits and about what they depend on. Read how to determine character by facial features in our material.

This article is for people over 18 years old.

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The main character traits of a person affect not only the formation of his personality, but also on relations with other people, career development and mutual understanding in the family. The qualities of a person and their importance cannot be ignored when you choose your life path. You need to be able to identify strengths and understand that there can also be weaknesses that need to be improved. Then you can become a comprehensively and personally developed person who can conquer more than one peak.

Character traits of a successful person

About what are and what are the qualities in a successful adult, we will understand in order. First of all, we will clarify what is character. After all, we are talking about a set of traits that are constant. It is the traits of a person that influence his behavior, his attitude to others and to himself, as well as to work and the world around him. The description of the character from the point of view of psychology focuses on individual indicators by which one can predict and predict the reaction, behavior and actions. For example, a craving for knowledge of the new, sociability and openness bring up the desire for travel in a person.

A character trait is one of the most important components of a person, since it is the basis of a person, as well as a way to solve problems. It’s difficult to list the exact list of features with explanations. With some traits we are born, while others we acquire in the process of life (and it is they who are the most changeable). The character of a person is not only a list of individual traits, but also a whole psychological system.

The list of persistent traits and their relation to various systems is as follows:

	Trait, manifestation
In relation to himself	Selfishness, exactingness, modesty, self-sufficiency, criticality
With other people	Openness-closedness, honesty-lies, rudeness-politeness
	Hard work and laziness, initiative and passivity, formality and responsibility
To the world	Accuracy, negligence

Also, the division of character traits occurs on the basis of knowledge or emotionality:

intellectual include criticality, a craving for knowledge, resourcefulness, analyticity, flexibility and practicality;
emotional, include passion, sentimentality, impressionability;
include strong-willed confidence, courage, uncertainty, perseverance;
to morality include kindness, openness, deceit, cruelty, humanity.

To make it easier to explain human behavior and his actions, psychologists divided the traits into instrumental and motivational ones. In the first case, we are talking about our own style, unsurpassed, and in the second case, what moves a person and forces him to perform one or another action.

It's no secret that a person develops in society. In this regard, the features are divided into typical and individual. Under typical understand a set of standard qualities that are inherent in a certain group of people (family, team, population of one city). If a certain trait is used by a person most often, sometimes in non-standard situations, then it becomes individual and distinguishes the personality from the rest.

Positive human character traits

The list of positive and good traits of a person’s character may differ, depending on what type of communication we are talking about. So, in work positive qualities are considered:

purposefulness;
perseverance;
a responsibility;
hard work;
organization;
attentiveness.

In communicating with other people, traits such as honesty, openness, humanity, tolerance, justice, loyalty and sociability are important. Only in the presence of such manifestations can we build strong and full-fledged relationships with other people. In the process of personality formation, special attention is paid to morality and humanity. Distortion of these traits or a large number of shortcomings cannot allow a person to develop. When compiling a list for a resume, it is worth indicating such positive qualities that are relevant for the employer:

perseverance;
purposefulness;
a responsibility;
honesty;
sociability;
stress resistance;
attention to detail and perfectionism;
self-criticism;
hard work.

Negative human character traits

Negative and negative traits of a person’s character are formed if attitude to oneself is better than to other people. Speaking about what are the bad qualities, we can distinguish the following:

pride, self-confidence;
selfishness;
laziness;
irresponsibility;
envy;
stinginess;
contempt;
rudeness;
aggression.

The more negative qualities will be developed, and the less attention a person will devote to self-improvement, which is fraught with conflicts with the outside world.

Facial features

How to determine and how to recognize a person’s character by facial features? After all, not everyone knows that by thin lips or a section of the eyes, you can determine what quality is inherent in us, how we can act in a particular situation. You can recognize the features by the shape of the face:

confidence is determined by the ratio of the width and length of the face. If the width is less than 60% of the length, then we are talking about cautious and insecure people;
friendliness can be determined by the position of the eyebrows. For example, if the eyebrow line is higher, then we are talking about increased facial expressions and sociability;
a wide range of eyes is inherent in people who more often forgive other people's mistakes and mistakes;
a small distance between the upper lip and nose is inherent in people with a sense of humor, but sometimes jokes are taken at their own expense. a great distance indicates sarcasticity, a plane of humor;
full lips speak of a more open and sociable person, and thin lips indicate isolation and secrecy;
a thick fold on the eyelid is inherent in individuals who have analytical thinking, and a thin fold or its absence is inherent in those who impulsively perform actions;
charismatic personalities have a deeper and more unusual eye color.

The shape of the face can at least tell about its owner. For example, the round face of more emotional, sexual personalities with whom you can build a serious relationship. Egoists, practitioners and methodical people have an oval face shape, but building relationships with them is difficult. The triangular face of quick-tempered and creative people. Square - in smart, aggressive and dominant.

It is also worth paying attention to such features of a person who talk about the presence of certain qualities:

curved forehead in creative people, and straight in progressive;
thin eyebrows for indecisive persons, thick for persistent and decisive ones;
expressive eyes in sympathetic and kind people, small in nervous ones;
closely spaced eyes indicate a good reaction and concentration, widely spaced inherent in people with a broad outlook;
a straight nose is inherent in individuals who are distinguished by kindness, warmth, they set a high standard for themselves, and a large nose speaks of rage. An upturned nose occurs in sociable, and a hump on the nose is found in strong-willed individuals;
a small mouth in modest people, and a large mouth in talkative people;
full lips of the sensitive, small by the egoists, elevated corners speak of optimism, and omitted that it is almost impossible for a person to please;
the sociable person has wrinkles around the eyes, and the wrinkles between the eyebrows indicate determination and hard work.

And these are far from all ways to learn about a person’s qualities and behavior without personal communication. There are traits that are determined alphabetically (letters in the name and surname), by date of birth, there is even a connection with certain diseases and favorite shades. So, if a person loves yellow, then he is optimistic, open and honest, and lovers of purple are sensitive, emotional and not understood by everyone.

All these factors together leave an imprint on our personality. We no longer have to talk about ourselves and undergo psychological tests so that we can understand what kind of personality we are talking about. A forehead wrinkle, a favorite shade, an eye cut, a smile, a zodiac sign and clothing preferences can describe everything. A little more attention to those around us, and it will become easier to find a common language or see hidden qualities. Everything is in our hands, or rather, eyes, face shape and lips.