Mentioned by Freud. What our mistakes, clerical errors and forgetfulness will tell

In his writings, Freud examined the human psyche. He argued that it consists of conscious and unconscious parts that are constantly in conflict with each other. Due to this constant confrontation, a person begins to develop neurosis. The desire to enjoy struggling with self-preservation.

After deep psychological research, Freud identified several groups of unconscious human behavior.

Reservations are when a person, wanting to say something, uses one word instead of another. The same thing can happen. It happens when they read the wrong text that is written or hear not what they say. Of course, hearing impairment in this case does not play any role.

Freud believed that these erroneous actions indicate what really bothers the person at the moment on a subconscious level.

It turns out that any erroneous action is an attempt to break out to the subconscious. Sometimes even the person himself does not realize what he really wants. The subconscious with the help of random reservations or descriptions helps to clarify the situation.

Sigmund Freud believed that any reservation carries a hidden meaning. This was the reason for the appearance of the term “Freudian reservation.” It should be remembered that each such mistake means a desire that is closed in the depths of the subconscious.

Freud believed that primitive instincts were embedded in people. It so happened that a person was constantly forced to suppress his primitive impulses. Society dictated its own rules, which had to be followed. From time immemorial, thoughts and desires have been hidden in the depths of consciousness, but with the slightest weakening of the defensive forces, they strive to break out.

The most striking reservations on Freud

The most famous were some phrases of politicians and television presenters. For example, George W. Bush, when he was president of the United States, regularly pleased the world community with numerous Freudian reservations. So, about the situation in Iraq, he said: “It takes a lot of time to restore chaos.”

Former Deputy Prime Minister Alexei Kudrin, speaking at an international forum, said: “The fight against corruption is the most important evil for Russia.”

Another popular mistake is forgetting or confusing names. It often happens when a man calls his spouse the name of another woman. According to Freud’s theory, this behavior indicates that he thinks of another, without even realizing it.

Psychoanalysis fundamentally changed the worldview of the human soul. For the first time, the sphere of the unconscious was investigated in detail. One of the possible manifestations of the latter is the so-called “Freudian reservation”. What does this mean and what is the opinion of modern psychologists? Find out the answers to these questions.

The structure of the psyche in psychoanalysis

One of the pillars of world psychological thought, Sigmund Freud made most of his discoveries as a result of observation of hysterical patients. He drew attention to the fact that hypnosis and other methods make it possible to discover and then heal the human soul.

As a result, he came to the conclusion that the motives of human actions not only and not so much can be explained solely by logic. This conclusion was contrary to the ideas of science of the XIX - early XX centuries, which elevated faith in the human mind and rational thinking to absolute.

According to Freud, the human psyche has the following essential elements:

I am the realm of the conscious;
Super-I - pressure from social prejudices and stereotypes;
It is an uncontrollable mental sphere. In simple words, they are the basis of human thinking.

In life, each person using his I AM" He is trying to find a common denominator between the moral ideas that exist in society and his deep hidden feelings. As the founder of psychoanalysis believed, the goal for each individual is to be able to tame his unconscious instincts and subordinate them to his mind.

Unconscious by Freud

As Freud believed, the part of thinking that is not sufficiently detected by the mind is unconscious. The filling of this area is made up of various desires and motivations that cannot go outside due to the prevailing ideas in society.

As a result, desires do not disappear anywhere, but continue to dwell somewhere in the corner of consciousness. They determine a significant part of a person’s actions. However, the personality itself is not able to determine the source of some of its actions. In psychoanalysis, it is believed that the correlation of the conscious and the unconscious is clearly in favor of the latter.

This situation can hardly be called healthy, since it leads to unpredictable antics and neuroses. Freud organized their treatment using the mechanism of uncontrolled associations: the patient lies on the couch and gives the doctor everything that only comes to mind.

Currently, the concept is somewhat rethought, and today there are several types of unconscious motives.

We list them briefly:

Having a natural genesis;
Consequence of experience;
The result of sublimation;
The impact of faith;
Unconscious group of people.

Freudian reservation: what is it?

In psychoanalysis, automatic actions, which are a minor error, are called reservations.

Freud himself used two terms: the Greek "parapraxis" ("other action") and the German "felaystungen", which means "violation of the original function." As the psychologist believed, with reservations, the unconscious comes out, which is available for analysis by a specialist.

Among the types of this phenomenon, there are:

Incorrect pronunciation, spelling, recognition of words, characters or images;
The loss of memory of any events, personalities or phenomena;
Loss, loss of sight of something substantial;
Acts of erroneous nature.

Such actions should not be misleading with the initial impression of absurdity. In fact, in a psychoanalytic context, they carry considerable weight. It is the omissions and typos that indicate the presence of desires that have no way out.

A qualified psychoanalyst can find the origins of reservations and various dysfunctional actions.

Types of Slips

In psycholinguistics, the following types of speech errors are distinguished:

Bringing your thoughts into the source language material (for example, “you and me” instead of “you”);
Rearrangement of parts of the sentence and reordering of words (“book for reading” - “reading for a book”)
Replacing syllables in a word;
Removing important parts of a word and whole words;
Errors of lexical selection (use of a word inappropriate to the context);
Rearrangement of morphemes;
Incorrect pronunciation of sounds;
A pun (also called a pun).

Some types of slips are difficult to classify in any particular category. The vast majority of them fall into several groups at once. In linguistics and psychology, there are other classification options.

Freudian reservation: what does it mean, examples

According to the American publication Psychology Today, the average resident of developed countries makes about a couple of mistakes for every thousand words. On average, every day, everyone makes 10 to 20 reservations. Emotional and mental stress seriously increases the likelihood of error.

In 2014, one prominent church hierarch of the Catholic Church, in the presence of a multimillion-dollar audience, uttered obscenities in Italian. An apology immediately followed, but the moment of the reservation circled the entire Internet.
One of the Vesti channel reporters, Maria Morgun, called the Russian legislature the State Duma instead of the State Duma. The word very quickly gained meme status in the Russian-language segment of the World Wide Web.
Another Russian TV journalist in the title “Grand Slam Tournament” replaced the letter “ w" on " h”, Because of which there were associations with the male genital organ.
US Secretary of State C. Rice once mistakenly called the then president of this country, George W. Bush, her husband.
US Senator Edward Kennedy at one of the speeches about the best people in the country began the passage about the female breast.

Alternative explanations

Not all modern psychologists adhere to a common opinion with Sigmund Freud. According to most of the scientific community, linguistic mistakes can be caused by a whole group of reasons that have nothing to do with the unconscious sphere:

Inattention;
Relaxedness;
Lack of knowledge: it is entirely possible that the author of the error is simply not literate enough.
Crash when using speech templates;
The consequences of emotional experiences;
The problem on the part of the listener: it is quite possible that he himself was the victim of a mistake, only a mistake in perception;
Deliberate distortion of speech in order to achieve the attention of the audience. This is a move especially liked by politicians. For example, in the 1930s, one of the US presidential candidates invented the term normalcy, which until then had not existed in the language.

When a speaker makes an absurd speech mistake - swaps words, sounds, letters or even uses the wrong terms - they say that this is a Freudian clause. What does this mean in psychoanalysis? Explanation the true intentions of the interlocutor. However, not all psychologists share this point of view.

Video: Freud Reservations

In this video, a selection of the most original reservations on Freud TV presenters, "bloopers" live:

0 Today, in everyday speech, people use words and expressions that not everyone can understand. After all, it’s sad to be stupid if you hear an unfamiliar concept, and you cannot answer the remark made. On our site you will find answers to many of your questions, so add the resource to your bookmarks to stay up to date with the most fashionable phrases and jargon. Today let's talk about an interesting expression, this According to Freudwhich means you can read a little lower.
However, before continuing, I would like to recommend a couple of other explanatory articles on random topics to you. For example, what does Reflective mean, how to understand the word Force, which means Kryzhit, what Uzless, etc.
So let's continue what does Freud mean? This phrase came from the name of the well-known narrow-minded psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, who believed that most of our actions have hidden motives, subconsciously associated with ongoing deep mental processes.

According to Freud - in this case, it means a certain reservation, which a person accidentally dropped, showing that he really thinks. In simple words, this is an involuntary sincerity that can be interpreted as a random statement of hidden intentions

Example:

A tired employee answers the call at the end of the working day: “Good home, trading day!”, Because in his dreams, he is already at home, frying sausage with fried eggs in a frying pan and getting ready to go to bed.

Two girls meet, and one another says: "You look just disgusting," although I wanted to say "You look just awesome." Thus the black envy of one girl to another is visible.

Once upon a time, Zyuganov, the unchanging leader of the Communist Party, once said: "We are supported by several million rubles." Thus, he, besides his will, showed what the modern Communist Party of the Russian Federation actually is, and which skeletons are hidden in its closet.

Once, speaking on TV, Finance Minister Kudrin literally shocked everyone with the phrase: “... the fight against corruption is the main evil ..." He immediately corrected himself, but it became clear to everyone what liberal Kudrin was really thinking about.

According to Freud - something related to sex, or having * xual connotation

A similar reservation appears suddenly. Sometimes a substitution can be just one letter in a word, and sometimes a person inadvertently inserts a term in his phrase that is not related to the utterance.

Such reservations in a conversation arise due to conflicts of their inner desires, which are carefully hidden from others and break through at the most unexpected moment. This single slip of the tongue can lead to very sad results for the speaker.

Freud subdivided erroneous actions performed by man into several positions:

First position. Actions committed "by mistake".

Second position. Hiding and losing things.

Third position. Forgetting, for example, your impressions, intentions, words of others, names.

Fourth position. Hearings, stonecrops, clerical errors.

The reason for such a reservation according to Freud it may be either a secret intention that runs counter to the statement for one reason or another, or an internal disagreement with the information that is communicated to the public.

Thus, people very often make mistakes in their statements, as a result of which, all their carefully guarded secrets become apparent. In this case, all their hidden desires and motives “go out”, showing others what they really think.

After reading this short article, you learned According to Freud, what does it mean, and you won’t get anymore

The works of Freud are widely known not only in scientific circles. And all because the founder of psychoanalysis tried to look at many things from the inside. Everyone knows his work on dreams and the subconscious.

Discussions about the relationship between the sexes and the search for associations one way or another tied to the sexuality of men and women are also of interest. He analyzed the Austrian psychoanalyst and reservations.

He described this phenomenon back in 1901. "The psychopathology of everyday life" is the name of the study concerning erroneously spoken expressions and the causes of their occurrence.

Freud disclaimer

The main idea voiced by the father of psychoanalysis is the intervention of the subconscious in certain actions. Adult men and women may accidentally utter a phrase escaping from the subconscious.

In principle, it is precisely this stuffing of irrelevant information that is the Freudian reservation; what it means is only one thing: a man spoke about one thing, and another fell off his tongue.

Where did the Freud clause come from

The expression Freudian reservation itself has become a term or proverb. It is applicable to people who, uttering certain phrases and expressing their thoughts, made annoying mistakes.

Not everyone can afford to say what they think. For the most part, both men and women are forced to control not only words, but also thoughts. This is especially important for public people, they listen to the phrases they say.

Any oversight here may result in a loss of influence. Out of place spoken phrase can even cost a career.

Freudian reservation English translation

As soon as the work of the Austrian psychoanalyst was translated into English, and this happened in 1914, pundits stated that in this way any mortal can comprehend introspection. Freud's clause translates into English, like Freudian slip, which means to slip or slip.

Examples of Freudian reservations

A classic example of a Freudian reservation might be the phrase 43 of US President George W. Bush, which he said long before assuming this post. Even during the reign of Ronald Reagan, in an interview, Bush called the state’s agricultural policy “sex-based”.

The Americans remembered this famous politician more than once: both during the pre-election debate and even at the end of his political career.

Commentators admit many mistakes. Very original from the lips of a woman sounded the phrase about a tennis tournament from a series of a large member.

What the announcer was thinking about when she tried to convey to the public information about the best tennis players who managed to get to prestigious Grand Slam tournaments in all respects, one can only guess. Perhaps about a beloved man, or maybe about one of the handsome athletes.

Some phrases seem completely harmless and naive. At some stage, the brain does not work correctly, control weakens and a person, like a child, begins to say what he thinks. Sometimes secret thoughts emerge from the subconscious, in which the speaker was afraid to admit to himself.

Interpretation of Freud Reservations

What does the Freud clause really mean? Of course, everyone can make a reservation: neither men, nor women, nor children are immune from this.

An important point is Freud’s caveats to decipher certain phrases, understanding the nature of what is happening. You can say too much at work or at home, in the presence of guests or at important negotiations.

The more people worry and hold back, try to hide something, the faster the secret becomes apparent. And the reason for this is accidentally dropped phrases.

Freudian reservations for men

Very eloquent reservations by Freud are in love with men. Sometimes starting a new relationship, but not completely erasing the past, the man speaks up. A woman can hear the name of his ex-girlfriend from her beloved. The situation is definitely not pleasant.

A man watching a boxing tournament or soccer game is unrivaled. Not only fans are mentioned here, but also commentators.

From accidentally dropped phrases in the presence of beauties none of the men is immune. Some of the mistakes can even claim the role of jokes on duty. And if a man at the sight of his wife’s girlfriends suddenly wanted to "growl naked" instead of washing his hair, then turning the incident into a harmless joke would be much more correct than blaming the man for all mortal sins.

Freudian reservations in women examples

A woman in love can give herself out with an imprudent phrase like a man. Phrases spoken by women can relate to everyday life, shopping, talking with children or teachers.

One phrase: “Serve the cushan!” - which is worth it. Another expression addressed to her husband at the end of the day sounds something like this: “Get me to be washed!” Hearing such a phrase, a real man will take his beloved not to the kitchen¸ to work in the second shift, but to dine in a restaurant.

Each human act is designed by its deepest desires and processes occurring in the subconscious. He attributed to any such manifestations of our inner “I” unconscious errors, situations when a person hears not what he is told, and all reservations according to Freud.

What does this mean from his point of view? He believed that all these are just manifestations of the inner experiences and anxieties of the individual.

Value

Any slip of the tongue is manifested quite suddenly and unexpectedly, even for the speaker himself. Sometimes he confuses only one letter in a word, but it happens that he accidentally inserts a whole phrase into speech that is completely unrelated to the topic of the statement.

In such cases, we often hear that this is a “Freudian clause,” what does this really mean? Presumably, these are statements of our unconscious experiences.

According to the famous psychologist, any unconscious desire of a person over time can cause psychological problems. But the individual cannot tell the doctor or friend about them, because he himself does not realize that the problem exists.

Such remarks are only the exit of these desires to the surface. Often a person himself does not understand his inner desires, or he does not want to consciously recognize them, since they contradict generally accepted stereotypes.

Therefore, to the question of what this means according to Freud, one can safely talk about the scream of the subconscious, an attempt to reveal the hidden outward, so that the person or his surroundings understand what the individual actually needs, what he is hiding from himself.

Thus, an unconscious person asks for help in resolving his psychological inner conflict. But, unfortunately, it is often not so easy to understand what exactly a person had in mind and why precisely this word or phrase appeared outward.

Where in this case should I look for a problem? With a detailed review, you can always find the answer to this question. The main thing is a person’s desire to understand what he really lacks.

Freud's mistake: what does it mean and what is the mechanism of its appearance

The main reason for the appearance of such verbal errors is the conflict of individual aspirations. A person can hide his deepest desires not only from people, but also from himself. Thus, the hidden becomes explicit, completely changing the meaning of the phrase.

If he speaks in public about problems that are not of much interest to him, then sooner or later true desire will take its place in this speech. It is often possible to understand what this means according to Freud, you can figure out if a person agrees with what he is trying to convey to the public. Indeed, mistakes in words often appear in connection with the presence of an internal conflict, and a deliberate lie may well provoke a speaker to make a slip of the tongue.

Error manifestation

In everyday life, such manifestations of true thoughts can occur quite often. So, for example, a desire to praise a friend’s style with the expression “it looks great” can be manifested with the reservation “it looks disgusting”. This is explained by the fact that the speaker does not like the appearance or the person himself to whom he says this.

Naturally, he will be embarrassed by his mistake. But, in fact, it is his subconscious that helps solve an internal conflict. A person should not tell people what they really think. The rules and regulations of social behavior do not allow him to remain silent. That is how the slip-ups appear, thanks to which it is clear what this means according to Freud.

Examples

Thanks to television and the deceit of politicians, very interesting errors can be observed. So, at one time, the leader of the Communist Party, Zyuganov, made a typical Freudian reservation, informing people that their party is supported by several million rubles. Just at that moment when he had to say about voters, people. Thus, completely unconsciously, the politician revealed the secret of the true support of the party and the importance of finance in this matter.

The former Ukrainian leader once said that he was giving up his interests. And he has only one interest - that his people live prosperously. Actually, there is no sense in even analyzing this phrase; the right of true motives is clearly visible in it.

But Kudrin, the Russian Minister of Finance, once said in a television show that "... the fight against corruption is the main evil ...". Naturally, the politician tried to quickly rectify the situation. But the main thing has already been said, and the reservation as a clear example shows what this means according to Freud.

Finally

Unconscious desires, no matter how people try to hide them, sooner or later surface. An internal conflict either finds a way out or creates a serious psychological program in the subconscious. Therefore, before giving speeches in public, it is better to resolve all your internal problems so as not to publicize them for general discussion.

Even at the moment, the scientific research of a famous psychiatrist helps us understand ourselves and see the true motives of our interlocutors.