Time machine: myths and real facts about the possibility of time travel. Time travel
In the 90s of the last century, one Hong Kong newspaper published materials about a very unusual boy, claiming that he is an alien "from the past." Of course, this strange statement could be explained by ordinary insanity, but something nevertheless interfered: the boy spoke excellent Chinese, retold many details from the life of long-dead people, and at the same time had excellent command of the histories of China and Japan.
Individual episodes narrated by the boy were generally unknown, or only narrow specialists knew about them. The boy was dressed in clothing from ancient China. It was very difficult to believe in the story of the boy, and his name was Jung Lee, while he himself did not fully understand how he got into modern Hong Kong.
Historians decided to check the boy’s stories and delved into the study of ancient folios stored in temples. And in one of them, their attention was attracted by a story that almost coincided with the stories of the boy. Historians also stumbled upon a record of the place of birth, as well as a record of his birthday. And when they were almost convinced of the veracity of the boy, it turned out that he had disappeared after spending only a year at that time. Following the birth record of the boy, historians found another record that he had already disappeared several times, and when he appeared, he claimed to be in the future, saw huge birds, magic mirrors, rode in a huge snake and so on. It turned out that this mysterious boy traveled in time.
However, this case cannot be called unique. So, the British metapsych society, which existed more than 150 years ago, has collected in its archive about two hundred facts testifying to time travel: travel from the past to our present and vice versa. Virtually all those who arrived from the past, endured their temporary displacement and ended their lives either in the clinic or in prison.
The theories that explain time travel are perhaps the most impressive after developments in teleportation, antigravity and torsion fields. However, it must be said that time travel has not been fully studied: there are still not only eyewitnesses, but also a universal definition of the concept of time.
In a certain sense, each of us is a time traveler, although this is not particularly impressive, especially since we can only move forward in this understanding.
Before the great Einstein, only writers wrote about the possibility of time travel. Not many people know that the idea of \u200b\u200bturning back the clock does not belong to Herbert Wells, but to Edward Mitchell, the publisher of New York Sun, who published a story about it seven years before Wells.
In science, the physics of time travel has become fashionable to think after Einstein. The phenomenon of this time travel began to be explained on the basis of the action of the spatial temporal continuum. However, the “shadow” of the great Einstein is still felt on all more or less serious discussions on this topic.
We humans are constantly moving in temporary space, moving through it. At the most basic level, “time” is the speed with which the Universe changes, and regardless of whether we want it or not, we are always subject to change.
We measure the progress of time in seconds, hours or years, but this does not mean at all that the course of time is moving at a constant speed. After all, even the water in the river flows in different ways, that is, time in different places goes differently. In a word, time is relative.
Scientists were able to find out that travel to the future occurs all the time. They proved this postulate experimentally, and now it underlies the well-known Einstein's theory of relativity.
Moving into the future is quite real, the only question is: “how fast”? As for the journey into the past, in order to understand it, you just need to look at the night sky.
The theory of relativity does not exclude the possibility of a journey into the past, but the very assumption of the existence of a button that can return to yesterday violates the laws of causality. When something happens in our universe, this event gives rise to an endless chain of many events. Moreover, the cause is always born before the investigation. This is understandable: after all, the victim cannot die before the bullet hits it.
This would be a violation of reality, however, despite this, scientists do not at all exclude the possibility of travel to the past.
For example, they believe that moving at a speed faster than the speed of light can send a person back to the past.
It is likely that time travel does not depend so much on the basic knowledge of space, but rather on existing phenomena in space, such as a black hole.
According to Einstein's theory, at a speed very close to the speed of light, the course of time must necessarily slow down its speed. But the speed of light in practice is unattainable, in contrast, for example, to the speed of sound, which was overcome. Further, from Einstein's theory, it is assumed that when the body develops a speed as close as possible to the speed of light, the available weight of the body begins to increase, and at the moment this speed is reached it becomes almost infinite.
Another axiom that accompanies the theory of time, argues that the first time travel, if he is ever destined to happen, will not be connected with the invention of superfast transport, but with a special environment inside which the vehicle can accelerate to the required speed. And then such a structure as a collider comes to mind.
The corridors in time can also be formed by purely “natural” phenomena, for example, tunnels, black holes, cosmic strings and so on.
The most likely contenders for the “corridors of time” are black holes, the very nature of which is still very little known. However, it is believed that stars, whose mass is several times greater than the mass of the Sun, dying as a result of the combustion of their "fuel", explode under pressure caused by their own weight.
And it is precisely as a result of these explosions that black holes appear in which so powerful gravitational fields are formed that even light cannot come out of this area. Any object that reaches the boundaries of black holes - the so-called event horizons - is absorbed into them, and what is happening “inside” is absolutely not visible from the outside.
Presumably, in the depths of black holes, at the so-called point of the singular, somewhere in their center, the laws of physics cease to apply, and the temporal and spatial coordinates simply change places. It turns out that travel in space turns into a journey in time.
Physicists have made the assumption that if there are black holes that are all addictive, everything that is in the zone of influence, then somewhere in the "nuclei" of the holes there must also exist "white holes" that push out matter with the same crushing force.
However, there is one “but”: before any body reaches the area where laws in traditional physics cease to act, this body will be destroyed. This point of view was expressed by a physicist at the California Institute of Technology Kip Thorne, who proposed a more efficient way to obtain the necessary acceleration for time travel. Thorne, again basing himself on Einstein’s theory, according to which space is always constant with time, studied other “gaps” in the space-time continuum. Such tunnels, in his opinion, are able to form due to casual torsion in the space between very distant objects. These tunnels should connect the most distant points in space, existing, however, in fundamentally different time planes.
Thorne quite seriously suggested that at the moment of opening such tunnels, in order to keep them open all the time, cover the surface of the tunnel with some strange substance with a negative energy density. And when the gravitational forces begin to strive to destroy the tunnel, trying to slam it, the coating will allow pushing the walls, preventing collapse.
Another, no less curious theory, which tells about the methods of time travel, belongs to Prince John, a physicist at Princeton University, who put forward the theory of the existence of some kind of comic strings formed in the very early stages of the formation of the universe.
According to this string theory, literally all microparticles were formed by tiny strings closed in a loop, while they are under monstrously high tension reaching hundreds of millions of tons. The thickness of these strings is much less than an atom, but the colossal force of gravity with which they can act on those objects that fall into the zone of their influence can accelerate them to gigantic super-speed. The combination of these strings, as well as the juxtaposition of a black hole and such a string, can create closed corridors with curved space-time continua, which can be used for time travel.
Today, there are other, although not so "exotic" ways of "deceiving" time. And the easiest way astronauts can do it. For example, a stay on the planet Mercury for thirty years means that astronauts will return to our planet younger than if they remained on Earth, since the planet Mercury revolves around the star of the Sun, although not much, but faster than our Earth. However, in this case, the linear course of time is still preserved, and this phenomenon somehow does not draw on time travel.
Moreover, it was noted that astronauts entering orbits using the Shuttles are already ahead of our Earth time by a certain number of nanoseconds, but they are still very far from reaching the speed of light.
In addition to problems of a technical nature surrounding time travel, modern physicists also discuss the existence of possible time conflicts. The real problem that time travelers can expect is the paradoxes of time, of which there can be many, and at the same time they will somehow be related to the impact on the course of already completed events.
In general, hypotheses, reasoning, discussions or lectures on the possibility of time travel are a favorite pastime of quite serious physicists, the so-called intellectual fun. Once, Karl Sagan - NASA astrophysicist - in response to the remark that if any time travel would be possible, then among people would be full of “newcomers from the future”, he answered that there are at least ten ways to refute this statement, and one of them is a time machine.
The genius of physics Einstein was faced with heterogeneity in time during World War II, during the famous Philadelphia experiment, which ended tragically. Then Einstein destroyed all the records, stating that such experiments are very dangerous over time. But this did not stop the scientists from the Moscow Aviation Institute, Plant them. Khrunichev, production associations "Salute" and "Energy" in the early 90's of the last century to create the very first model of a "time machine".
The tests of the machine were very successful, and this device, having modified, was improved. During experiments with the modified model, the clocks placed inside the apparatus lagged behind for four whole hours, then the instruments began to record magnetic vibrations already four hours before the experiment. Information about these experiments has not been disclosed to this day.
Americans are also very active in conducting such studies, but, like our researchers, prefer not to disclose their results. However, some information was still able to leak into the press: rabbits were launched into the created time machine, and during the experiment one of the animals died. And although before sending the unfortunate creature on an unknown and unknown journey, he was properly fed, at the time of opening the rabbit’s stomach was completely empty. And this could mean only one thing: he died before he ate.
It turns out that the hypothetical possibility of time travel is still preserved, and the most critical skeptics are unable to refute it. In this case, theories are theories, but practical development is nevertheless ongoing. Moreover, they are being conducted with certain successes.
The future or the past that we can ever go into may well exist in a parallel universe. Although it is most likely that this time travel will be one-time, and we will never be able to return home. Do we need this?
The recently declassified data from the government and military archives of the USSR and the USA indicate that time travel became a reality twenty years ago.
"Since 1976, to this day, 274 cases are known where a pilot, flying out on a mission, suddenly fell into the past," said Danish physicist Pox Hegluid, who was one of the first to get acquainted with the documents, reports Pravda.ru.
Here are some examples: in 1976, a Soviet pilot, Viktor Orlov, in a flight report said that while flying on a MIG-25, he saw with his own eyes the military operations taking place under the wing of his aircraft. An analysis of the paintings imprinted in his memory led experts to the conclusion that Orlov was a witness to the famous battle that took place in 1863 near the city of Gettysburg during the American Civil War.
In 1986, the Russian pilot Alexander Ustimov, performing a task, suddenly discovered that he was above Ancient Egypt. The pilot saw one pyramid built and the foundations laid for several others, around which a lot of people were swarming.
“Describing their journeys into the past,” says Dr. Heglund, “the pilots drew attention to the fact that these journeys lasted no more than 20 seconds. It is also interesting that the pilots made them both at supersonic and at subsonic speeds." Consequently, the speed of flight is in no way connected with penetration into the past.
In addition, Heglund draws attention to the fact that not a single trip to the future has been recorded. According to British astrophysicist Gibert Gayan, the cases described by Heglund can shed light on the secret of UFOs.
"Perhaps the UFOs that have appeared throughout human history are not alien ships, but ourselves, occasionally falling from the present to the past," he says.
But the most amazing case occurred in 1995. A group of English and American physicists conducted research in the central region of Antarctica.
“When they first saw a gray mist swirling in the sky above the pole, they decided that it was an ordinary tornado,” says US physicist Marian MacLane. “However, time passed, but the tornado did not change shape and did not move. Realizing that they are Witnesses of something unusual, the scientists decided to conduct several experiments.The first thing the experts launched was a meteorological probe attached to a cable, on which equipment was installed that recorded wind speed, temperature and air humidity.
Soaring upward, the probe immediately disappeared. Some time later, the researchers, winding the cable, returned the probe to the ground and, to their amazement, found that the chronometer installed on it shows January 27, 1965, that is, a date thirty years ago.
Other experiments were conducted that convinced scientists that there was nothing wrong with the equipment - all the devices worked properly, and only the clock every time showed the long past time. "
In the future, all information about this mysterious incident was classified, but, as McLane himself managed to find out, the study of an unusual phenomenon is in full swing, but already by "other structures."
Moreover, according to him, a program has been launched to prepare the launch of a person in other times. And, supposedly, the CIA and the FBI are waging a fierce struggle for control of the project, which will change history. There is no information on when the US federal authorities will authorize an experiment to change history. However, the "competent source from the White House," referred to by MacLane, reports that the decision will most likely be made after the President discusses this issue with the UN Security Council.
We invite you to take the distance course "Practical Esoterics"
Each person would dream for a moment to get into the past and correct a mistake in it, or make a move to the future to find out how life has developed. Time travel is a favorite technique of many directors and science fiction writers. There are scientists who argue that this is possible in reality.
What is time travel?
This is the transition of a person or any objects from this moment to a segment of the future or in the past. A little time has passed since the discovery of black holes, and if at first they seemed unreal to Einstein himself, then they began to be studied by astrophysicists around the world. The philosophy of time travel has excited the minds of many scientists - K. Thorne, M. Morris, Van Stokum, S. Hawking and others. They complement and refute each other's theories and cannot come to a consensus on this issue.
The paradox of time travel
Against traveling to the distant or near past, the following arguments are given:
- Disruption of connections between cause and effect.
- "The Paradox of a Dead Grandfather." If, having committed, the grandson kills his grandfather, then he will not be able to be born. And if his birth does not happen, then someone will kill his grandfather in the future?
- The possibility of time travel remains a dream, as a time machine has not yet been created. If it were, then today would be attended by aliens from the future.
Time Travel - Esoteric
Time is considered as a process of moving consciousness in volumetric space. The human senses are capable of perceiving only four-dimensional space, but it is part of multidimensionality, where there is no connection between cause and effect. The generally accepted concepts of distance, time, and mass do not work there. In the Field of Events the moments of the past, present and future are mixed and any material, astral and metal masses undergo changes instantly.
Through the astral, time travel is real. Consciousness can go beyond the physical envelope by moving and breaking the laws of the universe. S. Grof suggests that a person can be guided by his consciousness and mentally carry out a journey through space and time. At the same time violating the laws of physics and acting as a kind of natural time machine.
Is time travel true or fiction?
In the “Newtonian universe” with its uniform and straightforward time, this would be unrealistic, but Einstein proved that time is different in different places of the universe and can be accelerated and slowed down. When time reaches a speed close to the speed of light, it slows down. From a scientific point of view, time travel is real, but only to the future. Moreover, there are several such ways of moving.
Is time travel possible?
If you follow the theory of relativity, then moving at a speed close to the speed of light, you can bypass the natural flow of time and make a movement into the future. It is significantly accelerated compared to those who do not travel and remain motionless. This confirms the "twin paradox." It consists in the difference in the speed of passage of time for a brother who went on a space flight and a brother who remained on Earth. The movement in time will consist in the fact that the watch will lag behind the traveler.
According to scientists, black holes are tunnels of time and being close to the horizon of their events, that is, in the field of extremely high gravity, provides the opportunity to achieve the speed of light and make movement in time. But there is a simpler and easier way - this is to stop the body’s metabolism, that is, mothballed at sub-zero temperatures, and then wake up and recover.
Time travel - how to make?
1. Through moleholes. Wormholes, as they are also called, are some tunnels that are part of the General Theory of Relativity. They connect two places in space. They are the result of the "work" of exotic matter having a negative energy density. It is able to twist space and time and create the prerequisites for the emergence of these same wormholes, a warp engine that allows you to travel at a speed exceeding the speed of light, and.
2. Through the Tipler cylinder. This is a hypothetical object that is the result of solving the Einstein equation. If this cylinder has an infinite length, then by rotation around it it is possible to move in time and space - into the past. Later, the scientist S. Hawking suggested that this would require exotic matter.
3. Time travel methods include moving with the gigantic size of cosmic strings formed during the Big Bang. If they sweep very close to each other, then spatial and temporal indicators are distorted. As a result, a nearby spaceship can fall into segments of the past or future.
Time travel technique
You can make a trip physically, or astral. The first way of moving is available to the elect, possessing the knowledge of druids, ferrites, etc. With the help of ancient spells that summon the Kalen Mists, which modern scientists have called the “Cloud of Time”, you can get into moments of the past or future, but you need to train a lot, temper spirit and body, do not disturb harmony with nature.
Moving in time with the help of magic is subject to clairvoyant psychics. They use the method of astral travel - ray viewing. Through special techniques and ceremonies, they move to the past in a dream, changing events as they like. Waking up, they discover real changes in the present, which are a consequence of the travel time. This can be achieved if you develop imaginative thinking, be able to influence objects with the power of thought, for example, move objects, treat people, accelerate plant growth, etc.
Evidence of Time Travel
Unfortunately, real evidence of such movements does not yet exist, and all the stories told by contemporaries or who lived earlier cannot be confirmed. The only thing that is somehow related to the topic is the Large Andron Collider. It is believed that a time machine is being built there at a depth of 175 meters underground. A speed close to the speed of light is generated in the “ring” of the accelerator, and this creates the prerequisites for the formation of black holes and movement at the moments of the past or future.
With the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, real time travel no longer seems like a fairy tale. In the future, it is planned to isolate such a particle as the Higgs singlet, which will be able to neutralize the relationship between cause and effect and move in any direction - both in the moments of the past and the future. This is the task of the LHC, and it is not opposed to the laws of physics.
Time Travel - Facts
There are many photographs, historical notes and other data confirming the reality of such episodes. Cases of time travel include one story, evidenced by the 1955 calendar found on the runway in Caracas, Venezuela in 1992. Eyewitnesses of those events claim that a DC-4 plane landed at the airport, which disappeared in 1955. When the pilot of the ill-fated flight heard on the radio what year they were in, he decided to take off, leaving a small calendar “for memory”.
Many of the photos that are considered proof of temporary displacements have long been refuted. Some of the most widely known photos actually have nothing to do with the fact of time travel. We will consider a photo that depicts a man dressed, allegedly out of fashion of the time (1941), in stylish sunglasses and a camera in his hands, reminiscent of the famous Polaroid.
In fact:
The best films about time travel
At one time, such films as “Kin-Dza-Dza”, “We are from the Future”, and “The Butterfly Effect” made a boom in Russian cinematography. Time-travel Syndrome is the genetic disease of the protagonist in the movie Time Traveler’s Wife. Among foreign paintings, one can note Groundhog Day, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. Movies about time travel include Lost, Terminator, Kate and Leo.
Traveling in time, a man began to rave at about the same time as he realized that "you cannot enter the same river
twice ”and“ you can’t do what you’ve done. ”And so I wanted to“ turn it around! ”Almost every citizen of the Earth had one or
another case in which we would like to do a little different than we had to. And all the talk about "no, what are you, I would
didn’t want to live your life anew - everything turned out to be “equivalent in importance to polls” do you
onanism ": the fact that 2% of 100 say" no, I’m not engaged in "indicates only that they do not want to remind at all
to myself about those inconceivable perverts that exposed the flesh. And when they say that they didn’t want to change anything, know people
just endlessly insulting for aimlessly lived years.
Well, these are all selfish impulses: to myself, yes I would. But what about the global scale? A time machine would give a unique
the opportunity to see how it really was, without historical inconsistencies, without lies, without falsifications and
subjectivity. But not only to see! In a nightmare, historians will not dream that one day we will be able to intervene
in the course of the historical process and intervention is one of the favorite topics of writers of all stripes. Let's say you go to
the past with a noble mission to kill Hitler. Incinerating the fascist with a laser beam, you seem to save millions of lives, but not here
it was! Your great-great-grandfather does not go to the Second World War and does not meet your great-great-grandmother-nurse there. They have not
children are born. And those children do not have children. As a result, you were not born! And if you were not born, how could you
to go back in time and kill Hitler? But if you did not kill him, then you were born, went to the past and killed him!
The collapse of the universe is at a minimum. Developing this topic, you can go back in time and personally kill your own grandfather. Interesting that of this
will it work out? There are so many paradoxes that until recently, official science did not consider travel in
time for one simple reason: "this simply cannot be." Einstein's general theory of relativity, as well as physics
elementary particles, in which laws familiar to us do not work (and there are elements such as teleportation) shifted
dealing with a dead center. Recent studies in the physics of black holes and light have theoretically proved that time travel
perhaps if only because time itself can be stopped. The so-called zero time most likely exists in the center
black hole and, presumably, in a stream of frozen photons. "Well, when the hell will they build a contraption with
which I can go to make a barbecue of dinosaurs? "- the discerning reader will ask. Patience - now we are all
find out.
Mapping
So, we have point A in the present and point B in the past. What is needed first of all to get from point A to
B Who said vodka? Turn off your brains, relax and have fun: we will need a route diagram.
You can travel directly in time only in your own memories, since time is not elementary
particles (although such a theory also exists). But time is inextricably linked with the concept of space and we have to move along
space, or rather, subspace. Through a hole that is called a wormhole in physics.
The idea of \u200b\u200busing wormholes as transitions in time was proposed back in the 70s. 20th century however at the moment
the implementation problem looks much more complicated than 30 years ago. Stephen Hsu and Roman Buny from the University of Oregon
found that the so-called wormholes, most likely, cannot be used for time travel. In every
case, it will be incomparably more difficult to do than previously thought.
Time travel (as well as interstellar distances) through wormholes is inextricably linked to the notion of
the curvature of space-time is considered the most scientific way (in theory, of course) of such travels. Usually for
visual representation of the wormhole of the viewer is asked to imagine a sheet of paper (this is a simplified analogy of space-time) and
two remote points on it. If you fold the sheet so that the dots touch, and then pierce the paper, you can get out
one part of the universe to another in a short way.
This "puncture" of physics is called a wormhole. The theory does not prohibit the possibility of its creation. And even suggests that,
probably filling the throat and surrounding areas of the wormhole with exotic material
will help stabilize this strange "door" to another point in space. Under certain conditions, the same door, according to modern concepts, is capable of
to carry travelers in time. Exotic matter, it seems, has already manifested itself in some experiments. The generally accepted model of the world, anyway,
Don't forbid her to exist. This matter is interesting in that it experiences gravitational repulsion and has negative energy, that is, less
than perfect emptiness. Now it is necessary to mention that wormholes can be of two types - those that obey exclusively the laws of quantum
mechanics, and those within which a series of classical laws is valid (or almost).
It is not yet entirely clear how to create wormholes, but scientists, at least, do not declare them pure fantasy.
It would seem - a little more and time machines can be put on stream. And about traveling to the stars, like a picnic out of town
- and there is nothing to say. However, new detailed calculations by Stephen and Roman showed: in order to actually take advantage of such a “hole” in space and
time, you need to fulfill a number of unimaginable restrictions.
So, wormholes that obey exclusively the laws of quantum mechanics would turn out to be stable entities, but
travelers would always be thrown into a completely arbitrary (unpredictable) point, as in
time, and in space, which deprives travel of any meaning.
Other wormholes, so-called “semi-classic,” might allow travelers to set their destination, but,
alas, they would be extremely unstable. “We are not saying that you cannot build a wormhole. But those that would allow you to predict that Mr. Spock,
will land in New York at two in the afternoon and seem to fall apart on that day, "explained Dr. Hsu.
He showed that the combination of exotic matter and the classical laws of physics violates the principle known to physicists
as a "zero energy condition", and this violation, according to the results of previous calculations, leads to the destruction of the wormhole.
Another new study by Chris Fuster from the University of York and Thomas Roman from Central Connecticut University
showed that the obstacle described by Hsu and Bani can be circumvented.
They must use an unusually small amount of exotic material to stabilize the wormhole. However in return
a new problem appears: the accuracy of the geometry of this "puncture".
It turns out, moreover, that it’s not yet clear how you can configure anything here, the necessary accuracy of compliance
geometry is one part in ten to the sixtieth degree. This is if the neck should be missed by only one person.
And if a car or an entire starship can safely add a few more orders of magnitude.
As you can see, even the notorious paradox of killing your own grandfather is far from the only obstacle to
creating a time machine. In the end - this paradox is just human logic, but stability problems
wormholes - physics, albeit so far "paper". It is curious that back in the 1980s, the world famous Cambridge astrophysicist Stephen Hawking put forward the hypothesis of
“preservation of chronology”, according to which some law of nature (even if it’s not yet known to us), will certainly “take care”,
so that we don’t have to deal with violations of causality. So far it turns out.
Are there any paradoxes?
Certain conclusions can already be made: someday we can go somewhere. But what about causality?
In the famous story of Ray Bradbury, a hero who went into the past to hunt dinosaurs accidentally leaves the path and
steps on a butterfly. As a result of numerous causal relationships (a butterfly does not give birth to other butterflies, these
butterflies do not feed birds, a couple of million years later a caveman dies of hunger, etc.) in the hero’s lifetime
a completely different person comes to power - a dictator. So it goes. Researchers have long fought over causality while in
for the most part they did not conclude that it is still possible to intervene in the course of history. No natural laws will stop you
in the righteous desire to kill Hitler (or, to face the truth, Deimos, until he came to power). Changing the story
you will absolutely change ... everything. But not for everyone, but for myself personally. In our world, nothing will change, everything will remain as
there is, except that the morning newspapers will come out with the headlines "Another Chrononaut Has Disappeared." You will find yourself in
parallel reality, where there has never been a Second World War, where there are no your relatives, because they have not met, where you are an alien stranger from nowhere.
The universe in the blink of an eye disengages from the only prototype in an alternative reality at the very moment you
find yourself in the past. You will remain a hostage. What is easier - to get into a time machine and rush back to the future! But this
will cause you to give birth to yet another universe of the Future Changed Past. So you can wander for a long time, while on
cockroaches led by a cybernetic jelly brain will not begin to rule the planet.
The validity of this hypothesis is confirmed even by the fact that, despite the theoretical possibility of traveling in
time, the travelers themselves are not very active. Massachusetts Institute of Technology student Amal Dorey May 7
was going to host an unusual event on campus
- A collection of time travelers. Dorey said that
the congress will be held only once, and he does not expect to see many guests: "One would be enough for me. Chances are that even
one traveler will find himself small, but if this happens, he will become one of the greatest events in human
history. "The student did not demand much from the delegates, he only requested that the guests present any evidence of their
coming from the future: a cure for a cancer or cold fusion reactor would be enough. In case MIT doesn't
will survive until the time machine is invented, in invitations (they are sent to the future using
library books) Dorey indicated the geographical coordinates of the campus. "Most of us are willing to bet that travel
in time is impossible, but none of us can prove it, "the professor commented on the idea of \u200b\u200bhis student
Physics Alan Ghat. Dorey himself did not consider himself a fan of the theory of time travel, nor a skeptic: "I am an experimenter,
he said. If at least one guest arrives from the future, this should happen here at MIT. "
Needless to say, no one came to the announced party (with free beer!).
Secret materials
Whether all time travelers disappear is impossible to prove or refute. There are enough secrets on Earth that
otherwise may be associated with a time machine. A famous story with an ordinary nut that is supposedly 4 million years old -
indications given by radiocarbon analysis. One Australian paleontologist in Utah (USA) examined footprints
dinosaurs and stumbled upon a cast of a human footprint, which "counted" one hundred and forty million years! A mysterious and
mysterious UFOs, to deny the existence of which there is already no strength and it remains only to admit that we actually encountered
with a phenomenon that we do not yet understand. Eyewitness accounts of strange and mysterious people who appeared from nowhere and
disappeared into nowhere, or even completely ignited, burning to the ground, but leaving the clothes intact. In the Chinese annals
2000 BC there is a mention of a boy, the son of a shoemaker, who suddenly disappeared for several years, and when
appeared, began to tell amazing things about the place where he had been: huge metal birds carrying people in the sky; houses that
They seemed to be above the clouds; people in strange clothes moving in self-propelled carts. Of course the little boy
Kashchenko was placed in the local analogue, from where he disappeared after a few years and never appeared again. Interesting information reach
from China itself. It seems that in 2001 there appeared a boy in strange clothes speaking one of the disappeared dialects
inhabitants of China. It’s true that it was not possible to find out the fiction or the setup, because all the materials related to this case
(including the manuscript itself) were classified.
Who knows, maybe time travelers are now on our planet, somewhere in psychiatric
hospitals, where they enthusiastically broadcast the principles of cold synthesis and the construction of an anti-gravity engine. However, if it is
however, a disappointing and frightening conclusion about the preservation of a causal relationship suggests itself - our world is one of
parallel worlds. Yes, once we believed that the Earth was flat. Then they believed that the sun revolves around ours
the planet. Now we believe that we are absolute reality. Figures! Yes, we are all here third-rate copies of something more
material or something. It's time to get used to the idea that
there was still a third world war. And some freak went to the past and
tried to stop her. Well, he stopped. Our future cannot be considered in the perspective of evolution, because it was a rough
intervention in chronology. Ultimately, this can lead precisely to the power of cockroaches under the leadership of the cybernetic
brain jelly. Well, scared? Okay, don’t worry. We completely forgot about the torial field - the information field of the particles of each material
object. Without going into the jungle of quantum physics, we immediately grab onto the result: the information (torial) field
time traveler is tightly connected with the information field of his native universe. And if he has something there
done one that threw him into
parallel world, I do not advise him to envy. Due to field mismatch, it’s just
it will simply burn out, which we occasionally observe on our planet. And in deed! There was nothing third world war
stop!
There is probably no other such exciting topic in the world as time travel. For centuries, mankind was not only interested in its meaning, etc., but also dreamed of a time machine. As a result, many well-known science fiction writers have created incredibly interesting novels and stories about time travel, which have become real bestsellers.
But can we ever create a time machine and go to the future or the past? Is this possible in principle, or is it all the fruit of our imagination and the dreams of scientists and science fiction writers? You won’t believe it, but already today we know how to build a time machine. So now it’s a matter of time - when will we create a real time machine and go to the distant future.
In September 2015, cosmonaut Gennady Padalka returned to Earth from his last, sixth flight into space. On this day, he broke the world record of time spent by man outside the earth's atmosphere. This astronaut was in space for a total of 879 days. It's 2.5 years in orbit! During this time, spent in orbit of the Earth at tremendous speed, the astronaut Gennady Padalka became a real time traveler, having once again tested Einstein's theory of general relativity in action.
When Padalka returned to Earth for the last time, he essentially ended up in the future. True, he was in the future only 1/44 of a second. That is how much faster the time went for him for all 879 days spent in the orbit of the Earth, compared with the time for all of us who have been on Earth all this time. That is, literally, cosmonaut Gennady Padalka during all his flights traveled in time ... into the future.
As a result, our Russian astronaut turned out to be a fraction of a second younger than all those who remained all this time on Earth. As you can see, such a time travel turned out to be very simple and was not associated with the use of charged plutonium on a DeLorean car, which became famous after the release of the trilogy of the film "Back to the Future".
The secret of Gennady’s travel in time is high speed in the Earth’s orbit, where time flows faster. In fact, if our astronaut had the opportunity to move in space all 879 days at the speed of light, he, landing on Earth, would be in the future in the literal sense, since many years would have passed on Earth during this period.
That is, according to Einstein's theory of relativity, the higher your speed, the slower the time for you. Accordingly, if you move at a speed around the world, not only time will slow down for you, but also all physical processes in the body. And returning to Earth, you will find that in your absence, time on Earth has gone a lot ahead, and your peers are noticeably older.
As a result, since the discovery of Einstein, who determined that time in our Universe is relative (that is, time flows differently for each of us), mankind, in fact, has recognized the main “ingredient” of travel to the future. It's about speed. So if you want to literally go to the future today, it remains to decide how to accelerate to near-speed.
How can you travel in time from a scientific point of view?
Until the 20th century, it was believed that time is constant and that for each of us it flows the same way, that is, that it is absolutely in the whole Universe. Accordingly, it was assumed that it was impossible to travel in time. In the 1680s, Isaac Newton began to think about the nature of time, having established that time flows regardless of external forces and your location. As a result, for many years, the scientific community took as a basis all Newton’s teachings on the motion of bodies and the passage of time.
But two centuries later, the scientific world expected a revolution in knowledge.
In 1905, the young scientist Albert Einstein developed a special theory of relativity, using his theory of general relativity as a basis. Einstein defined many new concepts related to time.
He found that time in the Universe is elastic and depends on speed, deceleration or acceleration, depending on how fast the object or person moves.
In 1971, an experiment was conducted that confirmed that time for us on Earth flows more slowly than for those who move faster. Moreover, the higher we move above the Earth with greater speed, the faster time passes for us.
During this experiment, scientists sent four devices with an atomic clock (cesium atomic clock) into flight. This watch circled around the Earth. Further, the clock readings were compared with the same clock, which at that moment were on Earth. As a result of the experiment, Einstein’s theory was confirmed that time for objects or people flying at speeds above the Earth flows faster. So, as a result of comparing the clock readings, it turned out that the clocks flying around the Earth went forward nanoseconds in comparison with the clocks on the Earth during the experiment.
By the way, your smartphones have one interesting technology that also confirms Einstein's theory.
"WITHOUT EINSTEIN'S GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY
OUR GPS / GLONASS SYSTEM WILL NOT WORK » .
We are talking about a satellite navigator built into our phones (GPS, or GLONASS system), which with the help of satellites in Earth’s orbit receives a signal about the location of our smartphone on the ground.
Indeed, due to the fact that satellites in orbit move at high speed and are far from the Earth, it turns out that for them time moves faster than for our smartphone located on Earth. As a result, it is periodically necessary to synchronize the time of navigation equipment on Earth and in the electronics used on satellites. Otherwise, the satellites would incorrectly determine our location.
By the way, in addition to the fact that the time for each of us is relative, Einstein calculated the exact speed of light, which is 300,000,000 meters per second. Einstein also established that this is the limit of speed in the universe. That is, according to Einstein's theory, nothing in the world can move faster than the speed of light.
The last idea of \u200b\u200bthe great scientist-thinker was that gravity also slows down time. Einstein found that time runs faster where gravity is weaker. For example, on Earth, on the Sun and Jupiter, time flows more slowly than in outer space, because these planets have a greater gravity (gravity), which affects the course of time. Accordingly, the course of time, as you can see, is affected not only by the speed of the object in space, but also by the force of gravity.
For example, the time at the top of Everest flows faster than the time at its foot. If you take an atomic clock, one of which you place at the top of the mountain, and the others leave at the foot, then exactly one day later the clock at the top will go forward nanoseconds. That is, in fact, the clock on Mount Everest will travel to the future. True, for a negligible amount of time. This is possible due to the fact that the force of gravity at the top of the mountain will be weaker than at the foot.
Subatomic Time Machine - Already a Reality
But why did the Russian cosmonaut find himself in the future by only 1/44 second? The thing is that he moved in orbit of the Earth for 879 days at a speed of 27,000 km / h. As you can see, compared with the speed of light at which time stops, the speed in near-Earth orbit is negligible to literally send the astronaut hundreds of years into the future. In fact, the astronaut made a leap into the future for a negligible amount of time.
Now let's see what happens if we create a spaceship that can fly faster than geostationary objects that today move in the orbit of the Earth. No, as you see, we do not mean a commercial airliner capable of flying at a speed of 1000 km / h, or a rocket flying to the ISS at a speed of 40,000 km / h. Let's think about an object that could accelerate almost to the speed of light, which is almost 300,000 km per second.
Do you think this is impossible in our nature? It turns out, no. Of course, it’s still very, very early to talk about some kind of large object that can be accelerated to circumnavigation. But we learned to accelerate subatomic particles to the speed of light, literally sending them to the distant future. We are talking about the most high-tech project of scientists from many countries of the world in the entire history of mankind - the large hadron collider, which can accelerate subatomic particles almost to the speed of light.
You will not believe it, but this particle accelerator is able to accelerate protons to 99.999999% of the speed of light. At this speed, the relative time moves about 6,900 times slower compared to their stationary observers.
“BIG HADRON COLLIDER ... REGULARLY SEND
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES FOR THE FUTURE. "
So yes, we learned how to send atoms to the future. Moreover, scientists have been doing this for the past decade quite successfully. But sending a person to the future is another matter.
But the most interesting thing is that, given the fact that scientists have learned to regularly move particles at the speed of light, conceptually sending a person to travel into the future is possible. The fact is that a person’s journey into the future is really possible and not forbidden by any law of physics.
In fact, in order to, for example, send a person in 3018, today it’s enough to put him in a spaceship and disperse the shuttle to 99.995 percent of the speed of light.
Suppose such a ship is created. So, imagine that you are landing in a similar super-ship that travels to a planet 500 light-years away from us (for example, to a recently discovered planet similar to Earth, Kepler 186f, which is 500 light-years away from us). For those who do not know or don’t remember, recall that 500 light years is the distance that light travels in 500 years of its journey. Knowing the speed of light, you can calculate how incredible the distance at which the Kepler space telescope was able to detect a planet with characteristics similar to Earth.
So, now let's imagine that you boarded a spaceship that flies to the planet Kepler 186f. Then your ship accelerates to the speed of light and flies for 500 years, moving at almost the speed of light. Having flown up to the planet, your ship turns and flies back to Earth for another 500 years at the same speed around the world.
As a result, the whole trip will take you 1000 years. When the ship returns to Earth, it will be already 3018.
But wait, how can you survive in this spaceship for 1000 years? After all, people cannot live so long?
This is where Einstein's theory of relativity comes to the rescue. The thing is that when you move 500 years (by Earth standards) towards the distant cousin of the Earth at the speed of light, time will flow slower for you than for all the inhabitants of the planet.
So, when moving at near-speed, your watch on the ship and all your processes in the body will slow down. For example, your watch on a spaceship will be ticking at 1/100 of the speed of the clock on Earth. That is, having overcome the distance of 500 light years and the same amount back, you will only age 10 years, while on Earth during your journey 1000 years will pass.
But this is only a theory and our fantasies. Yes, as you can see, theoretically time travel is possible. It is real. Unfortunately, there is always a huge gap between theory and reality. After all, today we cannot build a spaceship that could accelerate almost to the speed of light. So how do we overcome the challenges of creating a time machine?
Will humanity soon be able to build a ship capable of moving at the speed of light?
As you can see, in order to be poisoned in the future, we need a spaceship that can accelerate to near-world speed. True, this is very difficult to implement. After all, there are huge engineering obstacles. Firstly, today mankind is still far from building such a spaceship capable of traveling at the speed of light.
The fact is that today the fastest spaceship ever created by mankind is parker solar probe, which will soon be launched into space. This space probe will be able to accelerate to a maximum speed of 450,000 miles per hour (724,204.8 km / h). Yes, it will be the fastest object created by man. in all its history. But compared with the speed of light, this speed is negligible. For example, at such a speed, you could get from Philadelphia to Washington in just 1 second. But during this time the light will overcome the same distance 8 times.
Now imagine how much energy is needed to accelerate a spaceship to the speed of light. What fuel is then best used to produce incredible energy that could accelerate a ship to near-speed?
Some scientists and astrophysicists propose using highly efficient antimaterial fuel (antimatter-based fuel) for such a spacecraft. By the way, many scientists of the world believe that such fuel can indeed be potentially invaluable in interstellar travel.
But besides fuel, there is an even bigger problem for interstellar travel. It is about the safety of people who travel on the speed of light. After all, such a spaceship will have to carry a sufficient number of supplies for crew members who went on an interstellar journey (food, water, medicine, etc.). But in order to ensure a long journey in space, the ship must be large enough. As a result, the larger the ship, the more energy it will need to accelerate to the speed of light.
Including when accelerating to the speed of light, one must take into account that the acceleration must be smooth, because otherwise people on the spacecraft will get too much overload during acceleration, which is life threatening.
But then, to disperse the ship to near-world speed, it will take too much time. Indeed, in fact, the ship can be slowly accelerated, adding a little speed so that the overload experienced by the crew of the ship for a long time does not exceed 1g (usually, while on Earth, we experience this overload).
Thus, in order to accelerate to the speed of light, it may take too long a period, which will significantly increase the travel time. And this ultimately minimizes the possible travel time to the future.
For example, using our example on a journey of 500 light-years with smooth acceleration, as a result of which the overload will not exceed 1g, our flight will take 24 hours on a spaceship, rather than 10 years. Nevertheless, when traveling at a speed around the world at a distance of 500 light years and back, you can still get into 3018.
Unfortunately, to create such an incredible space vehicle with similar specifications, mankind will need a lot of time, resources and, of course, very, very much money. But the same can be said of other large-scale ambitious projects that seemed impossible a few decades ago. We have in mind the project to detect gravitational waves and the large Hader collider. Today, these projects are already a reality and do not surprise anyone.
So who knows what awaits us in the coming decades. After all, it is quite possible that the next scientific megaproject will be the creation of a time machine (a spacecraft capable of accelerating to the speed of light).
Is it possible to travel back to the past?
But in the time machine we described, which may someday become a reality, the journey into the future is in real time. That is, if you board a spaceship today and accelerate to the speed of light, the time of your watches and the watches of people on Earth will go in reality. The only difference is that your watch will slow down while traveling.
As a result, a spaceship representing a time machine, in fact, throws you into the future in real time, but not in the opposite. That is, on such a spaceship you cannot go back in time. But is it possible, even theoretically, to travel in time to the past?
Some scholars believe (not all, for example, Hawking argued that traveling to the past is impossible) that traveling to the past is also possible. But for this you need to find a place where you can circumvent the laws of physics.
The most interesting thing is that there can be such places in the Universe.
For example, purely theoretically, a journey into the past is possible through a wormhole (a mole norm in space-time), through which you can get into the past.
The problem is different - to find in space a similar place where there is a wormhole that connects the fault in space-time. Unfortunately, in most cases, such burrows disappear in nanoseconds after their appearance.
Meanwhile, according to Einstein's theory of relativity, such wormholes are real. The fact is that such wormholes can form as tunnels crossing through curved space-time. Theoretically, through such holes one can send a ray of light to a certain point in space. Accordingly, theoretically, a ray of light can be sent to the past.
Fantasy? Not at all. Look at the sky at night and you will see the light of thousands of stars that reached your eyes only today, despite the fact that many stars ceased to exist billions of years ago. The thing is that these stars are at a great distance from us, and also, given that our Universe is constantly expanding, it turns out that the light of many stars came to us from the past.
Thus, as you see, theoretically sending someone into the future is much more real than into the past. Therefore, in the future, most likely, scientists will first of all be ready to send someone to the future, and not to the past. Unfortunately, this will not happen in the short term. After all, for this humanity will still need to come up with superfuel, able to accelerate the ship to near-speed.
Nevertheless, as you see, a journey into the future is real and possible. But this requires huge funding. According to many scientists, if today many states had united and funded a project to create a spacecraft capable of moving at the speed of light, then in 20 years such a ship would become a reality.
In the meantime, in order to enjoy the effect of the time machine, we can only review the famous films about time travel, as well as re-read various popular science fiction books.
Moreover, many films really show what a space travel in time might look like. For example, see the old original movie “Planet of the Apes,” where the astronauts thought they were on another planet, similar to Earth, which is controlled by monkeys instead of people.
But in fact, the astronauts arrived on the same planet Earth in the future, where for some reason the monkeys seized power on the planet. In fact, in this film, the astronauts arrived in the future of planet Earth, because their journey in space was carried out at the speed of light. This film accurately reflects Einstein's special theory of relativity and shows how a person can set off for the future.
