Prince Mstislav I the Great. Board from Prince Mstislav - according to the reign of Yuri to

The Great Russian Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great was born presumably in February 1076. At baptism, he was called Theodore, and in Europe he was known as Prince Harald, as well as his maternal grandfather - Harold II Godvinson, who was the last of the Anglo-Saxon kings and the father of Gita of Wessex. The father of Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great was the very famous Prince Vladimir Monomakh. Subsequently, he was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church.

The history of life

Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great in the family was the eldest son. According to the old Russian law of the reign, this meant that it was he who, after the death of his father, would occupy the throne and become the great Kiev prince. And yet, his path to the throne was not easy, moreover, he was full of obstacles and a fierce struggle. In recent years, Russia has become a kind of arena for between Russian princes. Before ascending the throne of Kiev, Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great reigned in one or the other of Russian cities. Especially for a long time Novgorod was in his power. Under him, this city greatly expanded its possessions, was able to achieve political and economic prosperity. But at some point, Prince Mstislav was forced to violate the vow given to the Novgorodians for a life-long reign and, on the orders of his father, left the city, heading for reigning in Belgorod. Vsevolod, his son, takes his place in Novgorod.

Grand Duke of Kiev

When Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great in 1125, he automatically became the Grand Duke of Kiev. It seemed that this could be another reason for the discontent of other princes, but everything went smoothly: oddly enough, his candidacy suited everyone. However, other Russian princes were in no hurry to swear allegiance to him, and at first only Kiev and the principality of Kiev belonged to his possessions. Two years later, he managed to change the situation. Mstislav decided to join the struggle for power in the city of Chernigov. With the assistance of the Polovtsy, he managed to capture some of the Chernihiv lands. After that, the inhabitants of Smolensk bowed before him. However, he does not stay here and places his son on the princely throne. Soon, almost all of Russia was in his power.

Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great: main events

After he was able to subjugate all the Russian princes, Mstislav decides to improve the foreign policy situation and makes several trips to the Principality of Polotsk, subjugates a number of foreign cities. Over the next year, he finally conquers the Polovtsian lands and places Izyaslav on the throne. On this he did not want to stop and went with the army to the Baltic states. However, failure awaited him there; during the capture of Lithuania, Russian troops were defeated.

Children and family

The wife of Mstislav the Great in 1095 was the daughter of the king of Sweden. She gave birth to her husband four sons. The father made sure that each of his sons - Vsevolod, Izyaslav, Rostislav and Svetopolk - became rulers of different Russian cities. The Norwegian princess was not particularly healthy and died shortly after the birth of her youngest son. The prince married a second time, and in his new marriage he had two more daughters.

The results of the reign of Mstislav the Great

Why was he called Great? It was that prince who managed to stop internecine wars for a while. The years of the reign of Grand Duke Mstislav Vladimirovich, thus, were marked by peace on Russian soil. He became the sole ruler of Kievan Rus. In addition, he managed to expand the territory of his country. He also conducted a very wise tax policy: he took from the people as a tax exactly as much as was necessary, did not rob the people completely and left funds for a normal existence. With him, almost no one was starving. The years of his reign were also marked by the construction of many Orthodox churches.

For the first time, Mstislav had the opportunity to expand his possessions during the struggle for Chernihiv. His daughter was married to the Novgorod-Seversky Prince Vsevolod Olgovich, whose uncle ruled Chernigov at that time. He called for help from the Polovtsians and managed to drive his uncle out of his place. Mstislav and Yaropolk opposed Vsevolod, as they swore allegiance to Yaroslav, but he did not restore the status quo. Then the Grand Duke seated his son Izyaslav on the Kursk throne, and then managed to isolate Murom and Ryazan from Chernigov, and after the death of the Svyatoslavovichs in Smolensk, he placed his son Rostislav on the princely throne, and he, in turn, founded the local dynasty here.

Trekking in Plock

1123 was successful for Mstislav the Great. He did not become content with the conquest of Russian cities, but decided to go to the neighbors, namely to the Polovtsy. Here he was able to conquer, and then plunder Strezhev, Izyaslavl, Lagozhsk and others. Vladyka of Polotsk, Prince Davyd Vseslavich was replaced, his own brother, Rogvolod, who held out until 1128, ascended his throne. After his death, Davyd again took the throne, however, Mstislav could not allow this and took him and his two other brothers prisoner, and Izyaslav Mstislavich was appointed the prince of these places. Secondary Prince Vasilko Svyatoslavich began to rule the land of Polotsk, whom Mstislav the Great sent to Constantinople in 1130.

Legends associated with the name of Mstislav the Great

German church leader in the first third of the 12th century Rupert in his "Praise to Saint Panteleimon" reports that, during the years of his reign, Mstislav-Harald almost died during the hunt. He was attacked by a bear and torn his stomach in such a way that his insides fell out. The wounded prince was brought to his house. His mother, Gita, began to pray to St. Panteleimon. And then a dream occurred to Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great. Briefly, barely breathing, he told his mother about him: a young man came to him and promised to cure him. According to the legend, the next morning a young man who really looked like Panteleimon came to him, brought with him various potions and healed him. When the second son was born at Mstislav, then at baptism he was given the name Panteleimon. Moreover, the prince founded a wonderful monastery near Novgorod and named it after this saint. And this was not the only temple that he rebuilt. It was on his orders that the Church of the Annunciation and the St. Nicholas Cathedral was built.

Diploma of the Great Mstislav Vladimirovich

This is a unique monument of the past of Russia, which has survived to this day. It was written on parchment, and a hanging silver seal with gilding was attached to it. This letter dates back to the great era, that is, the Kiev reign of Mstislav Vladimirovich (1125-1132), who was called the Great for his affairs by the people. It is not possible to establish the exact date for the writing of the Diploma of Grand Duke Mstislav Vladimirovich, therefore it is generally accepted that this happened around 1130. It was then that the son of the Grand Duke, Vsevolod, came to his father in Kiev, although in some chronicles this event dates back to 1126. Historian S.V. Yushkov calls this document an immunity letter. This means that its owner is primarily transferred the right to land ownership and to the collection of tribute, supra and sale. Later, he also receives awards in the form of exemption from financial and administrative subordination of princely power and general jurisdiction. Mstislav's letter was kept in
Buice, in a monastery founded even under Vsevolod. It is located on the shore of the lake of the same name on the border of the Tver and Pskov provinces.

The death of the Grand Duke

According to the annals, Mstislav Vladimirovich died on April 14, 1132. He gave his throne not to one of his sons, as everyone assumed, but to his brother - Yaropolk. However, he made a condition before him that after he ascended to the great princely throne, his Pereyaslavlsky would cede to his son Mstislav Vsevolod. However, this plan could not be implemented, since his younger brothers rose against Vsevolod. While uncles and nephews were at enmity with each other for the Kiev throne, the Olgovichi, who also claimed power in Kiev, entered the arena of struggle. It turned out that the death of Mstislav became the reason for the collapse of Kievan Rus into many separate principalities that waged internecine wars.

New data on Mstislav the Great in the light of archeology

In the 20th century, the seal of Mstislav Vladimirovich was discovered in the Moscow region, in the Mogutovsky archaeological complex. In the past 10 years, archaeologists have found several seals belonging to this Grand Duke. They were buried under a thick layer of soil in the Novgorod region. A document was also found from which it was possible to find out that one of the daughters of Mstislav was called Rogneda. Before that, both princesses were called exclusively by their patronymic.

Kiev, holy missus. The eldest son of Monomakh.

Grateful for the mercy of God, the noble prince laid a temple in the year on the Settlement near Novgorod in honor of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. It was for this temple that the famous Mstislav Gospel was written, whose expensive salary was made in Constantinople. In the year, the right-wing prince laid the church in Novgorod in the name of St. Nicholas in Novgorod. This temple was a sign of gratitude to St. Nicholas for healing. In a serious illness, the noble prince zealously called for the help of the saint, whose relics were not long before been transferred to the Bar (1087). Saint Nicholas in a vision commanded to send to Kiev for his icon, indicating the type and measure. People sent for the icon were detained on the island of Lipnoy, a storm unleashed on Ilmen. On the 4th day, they found on the water the very round icon that was shown in the vision. The sick prince kissed the icon and received healing. Subsequently, on the site of the appearance of the icon, on the island of Lipnem, a monastery was built with a stone church in the name of St. Nicholas.

Mstislav 1 the Great (Mstislav Vladimirovich) - the Grand Duke of Kiev, the son of the Old Russian Prince Vladimir Monomakh.

Mstislav was born in 1076 and died in 1132.

Short biography of Mstislav the Great

Mstislav was the son of Vladimir Monomakh and the English princess Gita of Wes; in European countries he was known by the name of Harold - as Mstislav was named after his grandfather Harold 2 Godvinson. At baptism, he took the name Theodore.

Mstislav was the eldest son and had to take the throne and become the Grand Duke of Kiev after the death of his father, Vladimir Monomakh, but the path to the throne of the Grand Duke was not so simple - Russia was torn by internecine wars between the princes, so before ascending the throne of Kiev, Mstislav changed principality several times. The longest he reigned in Novgorod.

After the death of Yaropolk Izyaslavich, his brother Svyatopolk was to become a life-long prince in Kiev, but he broke his promise. Instead of Svyatopolk, Mstislav was sent to Novgorod, who also vowed the eternal reign of Novgorod. In 1094, Vladimir Monomakh, who was then the prince in Chernigov, collides with the Svyatoslavichs, who begin to lay claim to Chernihiv, Smolensk and Novgorod. After these territories were captured by the Svyatoslavichs, Mstislav goes to reign in Rostov, but spends only a year there - from 1094 to 1095, after which he leaves for Smolensk.

However, later Mstislav returned to Novgorod and, together with the townspeople, offered serious resistance to Prince Oleg Svyatoslavich, who wanted to capture Rostov, Murom and Ryazan. The army against Oleg was led by Mstislav and his brother, together they were able to defeat the enemy on the Koloksha River.

In 1102, the Grand Duke of Kiev Svyatopolk decided to put his son in the place of Mstislav in Novgorod, however, the Novgorod people resist and do not accept the new ruler - Mstislav remains in the city. Under Mstislav, Novgorod greatly expanded its borders and achieved economic and political prosperity.

However, Mstislav, like his predecessor, is forced to break the vow given to Novgorodians and leave the city on the orders of his father, who transfers him to reign in Belgorod. The place of Mstislav is taken by his son Vsevolod.

Grand Duke of Kiev

Vladimir Monomakh dies in 1125, and after his death Mstislav becomes the Grand Duke of Kiev. Surprisingly, despite the internecine strife, Mstislav’s candidacy suits everyone - they quickly and easily accept him and do not try to take his place. However, contrary to expectations, at first Mstislav owned only Kiev and the Principality of Kiev, the rest of the land refused to obey him.

The opportunity to change the situation was given to him only in 1127, when the struggle for power in Chernigov begins, and Mstislav strives to participate in this struggle. Mstislav opposes Vsevolod, gathers an army of Polovtsy and captures part of the Chernihiv territories. In the same year, Smolensk also submits to Mstislav, where he sends to reign his own son.

Having gained power in Russia, Mstislav turns to foreign policy. He makes several trips to the Principality of Polotsk and captures several Polotsk cities. After some time, in 1128, he again gathers an army and returns to the Polovtsy, this time in order to finally subjugate these lands, destroy the local princes and put him there to reign Izyaslav.

However, Mstislav’s military campaigns did not always end successfully; he suffered a number of setbacks in the Baltic states, tried several times to capture Lithuania, and even reached the capital, but on the way back the Russian troops were defeated.

Mstislav died on April 14, 1132, leaving the throne to his brother Yaropolk. After the death of Mstislav in Russia, another major internecine war unfolded.

Children and family

Mstislav married in 1095 the daughter of the Swedish king, who bore him children, among whom were four boys: Vsevolod (Prince of Novgorod), Izyaslav (Prince of Kursk, Volynsky and later the Grand Prince of Kiev), Rostislav (Prince of Smolensky), Svyatopolk (Prince of Polotsk , Pskov, Novgorod, Vladimir-Volynsky).

After the death of his first wife, Mstislav marries a second time, in this marriage two children appear.

The results of the reign of Mstislav the Great

The reign of Mstislav was successful for Russia. He received his nickname for the fact that he managed, albeit for a short time, to stop the civil strife, forcing the princes to submit again to the will of Kiev and the Grand Duke. Under him, Russia made a number of successful military campaigns, expanded its territories, the economy was growing thanks to a skillful tax policy - Mstislav levied taxes exactly as much as necessary so that the population would not go bankrupt and starve. Under him, many churches were built, cities expanded, the Principality of Novgorod reached its peak.

MSTISLAV THE GREAT
1125-1132

Mstislav Vladimir the Great (June 1, 1076 - April 14, 1132), baptized by Theodore in Europe, was known as Harald, named after his grandfather - Harold II Godvinson, the last Anglo-Saxon king. The Grand Duke of Kiev (1125–1132), the son of the Old Russian Prince Vladimir Monomakh and the English Princess Gita of Wessex. Holy Russian Orthodox Church, missus; memory: April 15 according to the Julian calendar and in the Cathedral of Novgorod Saints.

Principality in Novgorod and Rostov. The fight against Svyatoslavich

After the death of Yaropolk Izyaslavich (1086), his brother Svyatopolk violated the vow of a life-long reign given to Novgorod in Novgorod and moved to Turov, and his grandson of Vsevolod Yaroslavich of Kiev, Mstislav, who gave Novgorod a similar vow, took his place in Novgorod.

In 1094, the Svyatoslavichs, taking advantage of the temporary weakening of Svyatopolk of Kiev and Vladimir Monomakh, who was then the Prince of Chernigov, presented their claims to Chernigov, Smolensk, Novgorod. In 1094-1095, Davyd Svyatoslavich was a prince of Novgorod (and Mstislav Rostov), \u200b\u200bbut after leaving for Smolensk, he was then not accepted back by Novgorod. In 1096, Mstislav with Novgorod was the main force in the fight against Oleg Svyatoslavich, expelled from the south, for Rostov, Mur and Ryazan. Having received from the south of his father an auxiliary Russian-Polovtsian army led by his brother Vyacheslav, he defeated Oleg on the Koloksha River.

In 1102, when the Kiev prince Svyatopolk Izyaslavich wanted to replace Mstislav in Novgorod with his son, the Novgorodians answered him if your son has two heads, send him to us.

Mstislav contributed to the strengthening (in 1116 the Novgorod Detinets expanded) and the decoration (at his direction the Church of the Annunciation was founded on the Settlement in 1103, and in 1113 - the St. Nicholas and Dvorishchensky Cathedral) of the city.

Principality in Belgorod

In 1117, Mstislav was transferred by his father to Belgorod, thereby violating the vow given to the Novgorodians, and in 1118 the Novgorod boyars were called to Kiev, where they were sworn in. The transfer of Mstislav to the south displeased Yaroslav Svyatopolchich, who had been married to his daughter Mstislav since 1112, and he was soon expelled from Volhynia. The chronicle accuses him not so much of going against his uncle Monomakh, but of going against his father-in-law Mstislav. Mstislav's place in Novgorod was taken by his eldest son Vsevolod.

Great reign

Upon the death of Vladimir Monomakh in 1125, Mstislav inherited a great reign, which did not cause discontent and struggle on the part of the Chernigov Svyatoslavichs, as was the case when Monomakh was erected in 1113. And although all his brothers unconditionally recognized the seniority of Mstislav, only Kiev was initially under his direct control.

At the news of the death of Vladimir Monomakh, the Polovtsy came to the Torques, but Yaropolk and Pereyaslavl defeated them. Cited by the Ipatiev Chronicle “The Legend of the Grass of Yemshan”, which has parallels to historical events, tells about the return from the Caucasus of one of the two Polovtsian hordes of sons of Sharukan immediately after the death of Vladimir Monomakh.

The first opportunity to expand ownership was opened to Mstislav because of the struggle for power in Chernihiv. Married to his daughter, Novgorod-Seversky Prince Vsevolod Olgovich drove out his uncle Yaroslav Svyatoslavich from Chernigov in 1127 and called for Polovtsy to help. Mstislav, although he opposed Yaropolk against Vsevolod in accordance with his godmother kiss to Yaroslav, did not restore the status quo. Kursk with the Family went to Mstislav (there he put the son of Izyaslav), and Murom and Ryazan isolated from Chernigov under the rule of Yaroslav and his descendants.

In the same year, Vyacheslav Vladimirovich moved from Smolensk to Turov, and the son of Mstislav Rostislav sat in Smolensk, who later founded the local dynasty.

In the same year, Mstislav made the first trip to the Principality of Polotsk: the cities of Strezhev, Lagozhsk, Izyaslavl were taken and plundered, and in Polotsk Prince Davyd Vseslavich was replaced by his brother Rogvolod. In 1128, Rogvolod died, and Davyd sat down again in Polotsk, abandoning the world. During a new campaign in 1129, Mstislav captured the three remaining Vseslavichs (Davyd, Svyatoslav and Rostislav) and all their relatives, the Principality of Polotsk annexed: Izyaslav Mstislavich was transferred to reign here. In Polotsk land there remained only the secondary prince Vasilko Svyatoslavich (in Izyaslavl). In 1130, Mstislav sent captive princes of Polotsk to Constantinople.

Secondary campaigns in the Baltic states were not always successful: in 1130, a chud was taxed, but the new campaign of 1131 ended in defeat at Yuryev. The expedition to Lithuania (1132) was successful, but on the way back the Kievans were defeated.

On April 14, 1132, Mstislav died passing the throne to his brother Yaropolk. By agreement of Mstislav with Yaropolk, he was to give Pereyaslavl to Vsevolod Mstislavich. This plan was not only failed to be realized due to the resistance of the younger Vladimirovichs, but Novgorod and Polotsk were lost due to the movements of Vsevolod and Izyaslav, and the conflict between Vladimirovich and Mstislavichi was used not only to return Posemye, but also to include in the struggle for the throne of Kiev. The collapse of the Old Russian state into independent principalities is most often dated to the year of the death of Mstislav the Great.

INTERNAL AND FOREIGN POLICY

In 1093-1095, Mstislav ruled in Rostov land and played a major role in the struggle of his father Monomakh and Oleg Svyatoslavich: in 1096, the battle on the river. He defeated his brother Oleg, Yaroslav Svyatoslavich, and then Oleg himself, who had to leave Murom and Ryazan and flee to the steppe. In 1097, at the Lyubech Congress of Princes, Novgorod was "assigned" to Mstislav. Sympathies of Novgorodians to Mstislav were great, it is known that in 1102, when the Kiev prince Svyatopolk Izyaslavich wanted to transfer Mstislav from Novgorod, they did not allow this.

In 1117-1125 rules in Pereyaslavl. When Vladimir Monomakh died in 1125, Mstislav became the Grand Duke. He no longer owned the lion's share of Russian lands, since the youngest sons of Monomakh inherited independent principalities: Yaropolk received Pereyaslavl, Vyacheslav - Smolensk, Yuri Dolgoruky - Rostov-Suzdal inheritance, Andrey Dobry - Volyn.

In 1127, Vyacheslav became the prince of Turov, and Smolensk ceded to his son Mstislav - Rostislav. In the same year, in Chernihiv, Prince Yaroslav Svyatoslavich was overthrown by his nephew - Vsevolod Olgovich. Mstislav and his brother Yaropolk opposed Vsevolod; during this war they captured Kursk and Posemye, where Istyaslav, the eldest son of Mstislav, began to rule. It was not possible to return the ousted Yaroslav to the Chernigov throne: around the world Vsevolod became the prince of Chernigov, and Yaroslav received the Murom-Ryazan inheritance.

Thus, since 1127, Mstislav owned Kiev, Novgorod (son of Vsevolod), Smolensk (son of Rostislav), the Family (son of Izyaslav), retaining control of the most important cities of Russia and the main trade route "from the Varangians to the Greeks."

In 1127, Mstislav made the first trip to the Principality of Polotsk: the cities of Strezhev, Lagozhsk, Izyaslavl were taken and plundered, and in Polotsk Prince Davyd Vseslavich was replaced by his brother Rogvolod. In 1128, Rogvolod died, and Davyd sat down again in Polotsk, abandoning the world. During a new campaign in 1129, Mstislav captured the three remaining Vseslavichs (Davyd, Svyatoslav and Rostislav) and all their relatives, the Principality of Polotsk annexed: Izyaslav Mstislavich was transferred to reign here. In Polotsk land there remained only the secondary prince Vasilko Svyatoslavich (in Izyaslavl). In 1130, Mstislav sent captive princes of Polotsk to Constantinople. Under his rule, there were also constant strife in the Principality of Galicia due to the redistribution of the inheritance of the princes Volodar and Vasilka Rostislavich, who died in 1124; the grand duke apparently did not intervene in these strife. The Mstislav Gospel, commissioned by the prince.

In foreign policy, Mstislav continued his father’s line: the details of his campaigns against the Polovtsy are unknown, but it is reported that, in the end, the Polovtsy were driven for the Don, the Volga and the Yaik (the modern Ural River). Apparently, fleeing from the Russian squads, Khan Artyk (Otrok) with some of the Polovtsians, who then appeared in Georgia as mercenaries, went to the Caucasus from the Black Sea. The military power of Mstislav was so undeniable that it was he - the only one of all the princes of Kievan Rus - who earned the title "Great" in the annals. By marital alliances with the Scandinavian states and with Byzantium, he strengthened the position of the state in the international arena. Secondary campaigns in the Baltic states were not always successful: in 1130, a chud was taxed, but the new campaign of 1131 ended in defeat at Yuryev. The expedition to Lithuania (1132) was successful, but on the way back the Kievans were defeated.

On April 14, 1132, Mstislav died, losing the throne to his brother Yaropolk, according to the unit-ladder system. 1132 is considered the year of the final collapse of Kievan Rus: on the one hand, the sons of Mstislav (Izyaslav, Rostislav, Vsevolod) became rulers of independent principalities and subsequently opposed their uncles Monomakhovichi; on the other hand, not one of Mstislav’s closest successors possessed his military and political talents and could not stop the state’s disintegration.

Biography

The heirs

Mstislav Vladimirovich the Greatin baptism Fedor, also Harald, in honor of his grandfather, the last Ango-Saxon king of England (June 1, 1076 - April 14, 1132) - The Grand Duke of Kiev (1125-1132), the son of Vladimir Monomakh.

Biography

By the will of his father, at the age of thirteen, he became a prince of Novgorod, where he ruled in 1088-1093 and 1095-1117, acting in harmony with the Novgorodians and contributing to strengthening (in 1116 the Novgorod Detinets expanded) and decoration (at his direction, the Annunciation Church was founded on the Settlement in 1103, and in 1113 - Nikolo-Dvorishchensky Cathedral) of the city.

In 1093-1095, Mstislav ruled in Rostov land and played a major role in the struggle of his father Monomakh and Oleg Svyatoslavich: in 1096 in the battle on the river. To the dipper, he defeated Oleg’s brother, Yaroslav Svyatoslavich, and then Oleg himself, who had to leave Murom and Ryazan and flee to the steppe.

In 1097, at the Lyubech Congress of Princes, Novgorod was "assigned" to Mstislav. Sympathies of Novgorodians to Mstislav were great, it is known that in 1102, when the Kiev prince Svyatopolk Izyaslavich wanted to transfer Mstislav from Novgorod, they did not allow this.

In 1117-1125 rules in Pereyaslavl. When Vladimir Monomakh died in 1125, Mstislav became the Grand Duke. He no longer owned the lion’s share of Russian lands, since the younger sons of Monomakh inherited independent principalities: Yaropolk received Pereyaslavl, Vyacheslav - Smolensk, Yuri Dolgoruky - Rostov-Suzdal inheritance, Andrey Dobry - Volyn.

In 1127, Mstislav made the first trip to the Principality of Polotsk: the cities of Strezhev, Lagozhsk, Izyaslavl were taken and plundered, and in Polotsk Prince Davyd Vseslavich was replaced by his brother Rogvolod. In 1128, Rogvolod died, and Davyd sat down again in Polotsk, abandoning the world. During a new campaign in 1129, Mstislav captured the three remaining Vseslavichs (Davyd, Svyatoslav and Rostislav) and all their relatives, the Principality of Polotsk annexed: Izyaslav Mstislavich was transferred to reign here. In Polotsk land there remained only the secondary prince Vasilko Svyatoslavich (in Izyaslavl). In 1130, Mstislav sent captive princes of Polotsk to Constantinople. In his reign, there were also constant strife in the Principality of Galicia due to the redistribution of the inheritance of the princes Volodar and Vasilka Rostislavich, who died in 1124; the grand duke apparently did not intervene in these strife.

On April 14, 1132, Mstislav died transferring the throne to his brother Yaropolk, according to the unit-ladder system. 1132 is considered the year of the final collapse of Kievan Rus: on the one hand, the sons of Mstislav (Izyaslav, Rostislav, Vsevolod) became rulers of independent principalities and subsequently opposed their uncles Monomakhovichi; on the other hand, not one of Mstislav’s closest successors possessed his military and political talents and could not stop the disintegration of the state.

New data on Mstislav the Great in the light of archeology

In the Moscow region, on the territory of the Mogutovsky archaeological complex, one of the seals of Mstislav Vladimirovich was discovered.
In the last decade, many seals of Mstislav Vladimirovich and his descendants have been found by archaeologists in the archaeological complexes of Veliky Novgorod.

The heirs

In 1095, Mstislav married his cousin, daughter of the Swedish king Inga I, Princess Kristina, who bore him many children:

Ingeborg Kievskaya - married the Danish prince Knud Lavard.
Malmfrida Mstislavna - married Sigurd I of Norway, then Eric II of Denmark.
Eupraxia Mstislavna - married Alexei Komnin, son of the Byzantine emperor John II Komnin
Vsevolod Mstislavich - Prince of Novgorod (1117-1136)
Maria Mstislavna - married Vsevolod Olgovich, Grand Duke of Kiev
Izyaslav Mstislavich - Grand Duke of Kiev
Rostislav Mstislavich - Grand Duke of Kiev
Svyatopolk Mstislavich - Prince of Polotsk, Pskov, Berestey, Novgorod, Lutsk and Vladimir-Volyn
Rogneda Mstislavna, married Yaroslav Svyatopolchich, Prince of Volyn
Ksenia Mstislavna, married Bryachislav Glebovich, Prince of Izyaslavsky

In the same year, Mstislav remarried:

His wife was Lyubava Dmitrievna - the daughter of the Novgorod posad Dmitry Zavidich.

Children from the second marriage:

Vladimir Mstislavich
Efrosinya Mstislavna, married King of Hungary Gesu II