Captain's daughter first 5 chapters summary. A brief retelling of the chapters "The Captain's Daughter" (Pushkin A
We present to your attention the most successful options a summary of the work of A.S. Pushkin " Captain's daughter» ... Traditionally, we have prepared not only a summary of the chapters, but also a short retelling, as well as a very short summary.
Pushkin himself called The Captain's Daughter (end of September 1836) a novel. But the very first censor, Korsakov, recognized a story in this work. It so happened that this work was always called differently by critics and associates of Alexander Sergeevich. Belinsky and Chernyshevsky considered "The Captain's Daughter" a story, and the first Pushkin biographer P.V. Annenkov - a novel.
For a normal acquaintance with "The Captain's Daughter", we recommend reading the summary by chapter. But if you have very little time, or you just need to brush up on the main details, you can read a short retelling or a very short summary of this work.
The Captain's Daughter - Chapter Summary
Chapter I
The author begins the story with an acquaintance with the main character - Peter Grinev. Grinev himself tells the story of his life in the first person. He is the only survivor of 9 children of a retired prime major and a poor noblewoman, living in a middle-class noble family. “Mother was still a belly of me,” Grinev recalled, “as I was already enrolled in the Semyonovsk regiment as a sergeant.”
Wanting to give his son a good education, to teach "languages \u200b\u200band all sciences", father Andrei Petrovich Grinev hires a French teacher Beaupre. However, the Frenchman drinks more than he teaches an ignoramus. The summary of young Grinev's upbringing boiled down to the fact that instead of teaching sciences in French, he himself teaches his French teacher "to chat in Russian." Not finding significant benefit from such education, Beaupre was soon kicked out.
Instead of the traditional brilliant career of a Petersburg officer, the father chooses for his son austere service in one of the fortresses on the Yaik. On the way to Orenburg, Peter stops in Simbirsk, where he also meets the hussar Ivan Zurin. The hussar undertakes to teach Grinev to play billiards, and then, taking advantage of Peter's simplicity, easily wins 100 rubles from him. Wanting to get rid of the guardianship of Savelich's uncle, who was sent with him, Peter returns the debt, despite the old man's protests.
Chapter II
In the Orenburg steppe, Peter falls into a blizzard. The coachman was already desperate to get the horses out, when suddenly a man appeared next to the carriage, who offered to escort the strayed wanderers. The stranger pointed the way correctly, and the driver managed to bring his riders, including the new companion, to the inn (knows how).
Further Grinev tells about a prophetic dream that he dreamed in the wagon. The summary of the dream is as follows: he sees his house and his mother, who says that his father is dying. Then he sees an unknown man with a beard in his father's bed, and his mother says that he is her named husband. The stranger wants to give the "father's" blessing, but Peter refuses and then the man takes up the ax, and corpses appear around. He does not touch Peter.
They drive up to an inn that looks like a thieves' haven. The stranger, frozen in the cold in one army jacket, asks Petrusha for wine, and he treats him.
In the house, a stranger starts an allegorical conversation with the owner. The language of their communication had features of thieves' vocabulary, which betrayed a "dashing man" in the stranger.
After spending the night in the know, Grinev is going to the road again, having previously thanked the yesterday's counselor with a hare sheepskin coat. In Orenburg, Peter falls at the disposal of General Andrei Karlovich, an old friend of his father, and the general gives the young man direction to the Belogorsk fortress, lost forty miles from the city, on the border with the "Kyrgyz steppes." The exile in such a wilderness upsets Peter, who has long dreamed of a guards uniform.
Chapter III
Upon arrival at the fortress, which appears to be a tiny village, Peter meets the locals and, first of all, the family of the old commandant.
The master of the Belgorod garrison was Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, but in reality his wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, was in charge. Simple and kind people immediately liked Grinev.
Grinev is very interested in the witty officer Shvabrin, who was transferred to the fortress from St. Petersburg for violation of discipline and "murder."
Shvabrin, inclined to unflattering reviews about those around him, often spoke sarcastically about Masha, the captain's daughter, making her a very narrow-minded person. Then Grinev himself meets the commander's daughter and becomes convinced of the erroneous opinion of Lieutenant Shvabrin.
Chapter IV
The service does not bother Grinev, he was carried away by reading books, practicing translations and writing poetry.
Rapprochement with Shvabrin ends abruptly with a quarrel. Shvabrin allowed himself to haughtily criticize the love "song" written by Grinev for Masha.
Out of jealousy, Shvabrin slanders Masha before Grinev, for which the young man calls the officer to a duel.
The commandant's wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, found out about the duel, but the duelists pretended to be reconciled, deciding in fact to postpone the meeting for the next day. In the morning, opponents hastened to complete their plans. However, even then the duel was interrupted by the efforts of the commandant's family. Having scolded the absurd young men, as it should, Vasilisa Yegorovna let them go. That same evening, Masha, disturbed by the news of the duel, told Peter Grinev about Shvabrin's unsuccessful matchmaking to her. Now Grinev understood Shvabrin's behavior. And yet the dul took place. In short, it resulted in Grinev's injury.
Chapter V
The wounded Grinev, thanks to the care of the regimental barber and Masha, is quickly recovering.
He forgives Shvabrin, because he sees in his actions a sign of the wounded pride of a rejected man in love.
Petr Grinev asks for Masha's hand. The girl agrees. The young man composes a touching letter for his father in order to beg his blessing for an alliance with Marya Mironova. The father, who learned about the duel, is indignant and refuses. In a fit of anger, Grinev senior hints to his son that he is ready to transfer him to another duty station.
However, the father's refusal of the blessing does not change Peter's intentions. But at the same time, Masha is against secret marriage. For a while, they move away from each other, and Grinev understands that unhappy love can deprive him of his reason and lead to debauchery.
Chapter VI
Anxiety begins in the Belgorod Fortress. Commandant Mironov receives a notification from Orenburg about the appearance of Emelyan Pugachev's "gang" on the Yaik. Mironov was ordered to prepare the fortress for an attack by rioters and robbers.
Soon everyone was talking about Pugachev. A Bashkir with "outrageous plates" was captured in the fortress. It was impossible to interrogate him, since his tongue was ripped out.
Alarming news continues to come, and Mironov decides to send Masha out of the fortress.
Chapter vii
The Pugachev robbers appear unexpectedly - the Mironovs did not even have time to send Masha to Orenburg. With the first raid, the rebels take the fortress.
Commandant Mironov, anticipating the worst, says goodbye to his wife and daughter, ordering to dress the girl as a peasant so that she does not become a victim of the rebels.
Meanwhile, Pugachev begins to try those who do not recognize him as sovereign.
Commandant Mironov and Lieutenant Ivan Ignatyich were hanged first.
Former associate of Grinev, Shvabrin is in a hurry to take advantage of the situation. He goes over to the side of the rebels and tries in every possible way to persuade Pugachev to execute Peter Grinev as one of the main opponents of the new government.
The faithful Savelich stood up for Grinev. The uncle on his knees begged forgiveness from Pugachev for the "child."
Meanwhile, the massacre continues: by order of Pugachev, Mironov's wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, is killed.
Chapter viii
Later Grinev learns from Savelich the real "reason for mercy" - the ataman of the robbers turned out to be the vagrant who received from him, Grinev, a hare sheepskin coat.
In the evening Grinev was invited to the “great sovereign”. "I have pardoned you for your virtue," says Pugachev to Grinev. "Do you promise to serve me with zeal?" But Grinev is a "natural nobleman" and "swore allegiance to the empress." He cannot even promise Pugachev not to serve against him. “My head is in your power,” he says to Pugachev, “if you let me go, thank you, you will execute me - God is your judge.”
Pugachev liked Grinev's honesty, he promised the officer to let him go to Orenburg.
Chapter IX
In the morning, Pugachev, in front of the people, called Peter to him and told him to go to Orenburg and convey the message to the generals. The summary of this message boils down to the fact that Pugachev promises to attack the city in a week.
Just before leaving, the emboldened Savelich tried to get compensation from Pugachev for the lordly goods stolen by the Cossacks, but the "tsar" only threatened the old man. Despite his uncle's cheering behavior, Grinev left the fortress with gloomy thoughts. Pugachev appoints Shvabrin as commandant, and he himself sets out for another feat.
Chapter X
Having reached Orenburg, Grinev tells the general everything he knows about Pugachev's gang, and then comes to the military council. However, Grinev's arguments in favor of a swift attack on the rebels do not find approval. One of the military recommends “bribing tactics”. As a result, the majority of those present agree that it is necessary to keep the city's defenses.
Within a few days, the rebels surrounded the city. Long days of siege dragged on. During his forays outside the city walls, Grinev received a letter from Masha through the police officer. The girl asked to protect her from Shvabrin, who intended to force her to marry him. Grinev goes to the general with a request to give half a company of soldiers to save the girl, which is refused. Peter begins to look for another way out of this situation.
Chapter XI
In despair, Peter Grinev leaves Orenburg and goes to the Belogorsk fortress. Already close to the fortress, Peter and Savelich were seized by the rebels, who led them to Pugachev.
Grinev frankly tells Pugachev about his plans and thoughts. Peter says that the chieftain is free to do whatever he wants with him. Pugachev's thugs advisors propose to execute the officer, but he says, "to have mercy, so mercy."
Grinev admits that he is going to save his bride from Shvabrin. The ataman is happy to hear this news and is ready to personally marry the young and bless them. Peter persuades Pugachev to abandon "theft" and rely on the empress's mercy.
For Pugachev, as for an eagle from a Kalmyk fairy tale, which he tells Grinev with “wild inspiration”, “than eating carrion for three hundred years, it is better to drink living blood once; and there what God will give! "
Grinev, in turn, draws a different moral conclusion from this fairy tale, which surprises Pugachev: "To live by murder and robbery means to peck at the carrion for me."
Chapter XII - Summary
Pugachev arrives with Grinev at the Belogorsk fortress and orders Shvabrin to show him the orphan. Shvabrin reluctantly agrees, then it is revealed that he kept Masha locked up on bread and water. Having threatened Shvabrina, Pugachev releases the girl and allows Peter to take her away, at the same time forgiving Grinev's forced lie about Masha's true origin.
Chapter XIII
On the way back, near one of the small towns of Grinev, guards detained him, mistaking him for a rebel. Fortunately for the young man, the major, who was supposed to sort out the incident, turned out to be the hussar Zurin already known to Peter. Zurin advised not to return to Orenburg, but for greater safety to stay with him, sending the bride to the family estate of the Grinevs.
Agreeing with this advice, Grinev sends Masha as a bride to his parents, and he himself remains in the army due to his "duty of honor". The war "with robbers and savages" is "boring and petty."
In the course of the hussars 'pursuit of the rebels' detachments, Grinev reveals terrible pictures of devastation in the villages engulfed in the peasant war. Grinev's observations are filled with bitterness: "God forbid seeing a Russian rebellion, senseless and merciless."
Some time later, Zurin receives a secret decree on the arrest of Grinev and sends Peter to Kazan under escort.
Chapter XIV
In Kazan, Grinev appeared before the commission of inquiry, in which his story was mistrustful.
Appearing before the court, he is calm in his confidence that he can justify himself, but Shvabrin slanders him, exposing Grinev as a spy dispatched from Pugachev to Orenburg.
Peter's unwillingness to mention his relationship with Masha Mironova led to the fact that the judges found Peter guilty of friendship with the leader Pugachev
Learning about what happened, Masha decides to go to Petersburg and ask for help from the empress herself. In Petersburg, the girl learns that the yard has moved to Tsarskoe Selo and is heading there. In one of the Tsarskoye Selo gardens, Masha meets a lady, with whom she enters into a conversation and expounds the essence of her petition to the empress. The lady pretends to agree to convey Masha's words to the empress. Only later does Masha find out that she had a conversation with Catherine II herself, when on the same day she appeared at the palace by order of the empress.
The empress granted Grinev a pardon.
The narration, which was conducted on behalf of Grinev, ends with its own note. In a short afterword, he reports that Grinev was released in 1774 by the personal decree of Catherine II and in January 1775 he was present at the execution of Pugachev, who nodded to Peter as he climbed the gallows.
Application. to read
Skipped chapter
This unfinished draft chapter tells about the circumstances of the visit by Grinev (deduced as Bulanin) to his native estate. Grinev's regiment was located near the village where his parents and bride lived. Having asked for permission from the command, Peter crossed the Volga at night and made his way to his village. Here the young officer learns that his parents are locked in a barn by the Zemsky Andryukha. Grinev frees his relatives, but tells them to continue to hide in the barn. Savelich reports that a detachment of the Pugachevites led by Shvabrin is taking the village. Grinev manages to repel the first attack and lock himself in the barn. Shvabrin decides to set fire to the barn, which forces the father and son of the Grinevs to make a sortie. The Pugachevites take the Grinevs prisoner, but at this time the hussars enter the village. As it turned out, they were brought to the village by Savelich, who secretly made his way past the rebels. Grinev, having received a blessing from his parents to marry Masha, returns to the army again. After some time, he learned about the capture of Pugachev and received permission to return to his village. Grinev was happy, but some foreboding darkened this joy.
Summary of the story The Captain's Daughter - option number 2
Chapter 1 Sergeant of the Guard
The story begins with a presentation of the biography of Peter Grinev: his father served, retired, the family had 9 children, but all, except Peter, died in infancy. Even before his birth, Grinev was enrolled in the Semenovsky regiment. Until he came of age, he was considered on vacation. The boy is brought up by uncle Savelich, under whose guidance Petrusha is mastering Russian literacy and learning to judge the merits of a greyhound dog.
Later, the Frenchman Beaupre is hired to teach him, who was supposed to teach the boy "in French, German and other sciences." However, he was not involved in the upbringing of Petrusha, but drank and led a dissolute lifestyle. Finding this, the father kicks out the Frenchman. In the seventeenth year, the father sent Peter to the service, but not to Petersburg, as his son wanted, but to Orenburg. While admonishing his son, the father tells him to take care of him "the dress again, and honor from his youth." In Simbirsk, Grinev meets Captain Zurin in a tavern, who teaches him to play billiards, gets drunk and wins 100 rubles from him. Grinev "behaved like a boy who has broken free." In the morning, Zurin demands a win. Not wanting to lose his honor, Grinev makes Savelich's uncle pay off the debt and, ashamed, leaves Simbirsk.
Chapter 2 Counselor.
On the way, Gritsev, realizing his childishness, asks his uncle for forgiveness for his stupid behavior. Soon they are caught by a storm that leads them astray. Almost desperate to get out, they meet a man whose "sharpness and subtlety of instinct" amaze Grinev. The stranger escorts them to the nearest dwelling. In the cart, Grinev has a strange dream that he arrives at the estate, finds his father dying. Peter approaches him for a blessing and sees instead of his father a man with a black beard. Mother assures Grinev that this is his imprisoned father. The man jumps up, starts swinging the ax, the room is filled with dead bodies. The peasant does not touch Petra.
Upon arrival at the overnight stay, Grinev tries to discern the accidental savior. “He was about forty, medium height, thin and broad-shouldered. His black beard showed gray, and his lively big eyes darted. His expression was rather pleasant, but rogue. His hair was cut into a circle, he was wearing a torn-off army jacket and Tatar trousers. " The stranger speaks with the owner of the lodging in “allegorical language”: “I flew to the garden, pecked hemp; grandmother threw a pebble, but by ”. Grinev brings the counselor a glass of wine and gives him a rabbit sheepskin coat. The stranger is flattered by the young man's generous attitude. From Orenburg, father's old friend Andrei Karlovich R. sends Grinev to serve in the Belogorsk fortress (40 miles from the city). Grinev is saddened by such a distant exile.
Chapter 3. Fortress.
Grinev stays at his place of service, in a fortress that looks more like a village. The fortress is governed by a reasonable and kind old woman, the wife of commandant Mironov, Vasilisa Yegorovna. The next day, Grinev meets Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin, a young officer "of short stature, with a dark complexion and superbly ugly, but extremely lively." Shvabrin was transferred to the fortress for a duel. Shvabrin tells Grinev about life in the fortress, about the commandant's family, he speaks especially unflattering about the commandant's daughter Mironov Masha. Shvabrin and Grinev are invited to dinner with the commandant's family. Along the way, Grinev sees "exercises": the commandant Ivan Kuzmich Mironov commands a platoon of disabled people. At the same time, he himself is rather unusually dressed: "in a cap and a Chinese dressing gown."
Chapter 4. Duel.
Soon enough, Grinev becomes attached to the commandant's family. He is promoted to officer. Grinev continues his friendship with Shvabrin, but he likes him less and less, especially for his unflattering remarks about Masha. Grinev dedicates mediocre love poems to Masha. Shvabrin sharply criticizes them, insults Masha in a conversation with Grinev. Grinev calls him a liar, Shvabrin demands satisfaction. Before the duel, by order of Vasilisa Yegorovna, they are arrested, the courtyard girl Palashka even takes their swords from them. After a while, Grinev learns from Masha that Shvabrin had previously wooed her, but she refused. Grinev understood the reason for Shvabrin's anger towards the girl. The duel did take place. Shvabrin, more experienced in military affairs, wounds Grinev.
Chapter 5. Love.
Masha Mironova and Uncle Savelich nursing the wounded Grinev. Realizing his attitude to Masha, Grinev makes her an offer. The girl accepts it. Peter is in a hurry to notify his parents about the imminent wedding, he writes a letter to them. Shvabrin visits Grinev, admits that he himself was to blame. Grinev's father refuses to bless his son (he also knows about the duel, but not from Savelich. Grinev decides that Shvabrin told his father). Having learned that the groom's parents did not give him a blessing, Masha avoids him. Grinev becomes discouraged and moves away from Masha.
Chapter 6. Pugachevshchina.
The commandant receives a notification about Emelyan Pugachev's bandit gang attacking the fortress. Vasilisa Yegorovna is finding out everything, and rumors of an attack spread throughout the fortress. Pugachev calls on the enemy to surrender. One of the appeals falls into the hands of Mironov through a captured Bashkir man who has no nose, ears and tongue (the consequences of torture). Concerned about the future, the commandant decides to send Masha out of the fortress. Masha says goodbye to Grinev. Vasilisa Yegorovna refuses to leave and stays with her husband.
Chapter 7. Attack.
On the same night, the Cossacks leave the fortress and go under the banners of Pugachev. The Pugachevites attack the fortress and quickly seize it. The commandant does not even have time to expel his daughter from the city. Pugachev arranges a "trial" over the defenders of the fortress. The commandant and his comrades are executed (hanged). When it comes to Grinev's turn, Savelich throws himself at Pugachev's feet, begging him to spare the "lord's child," promises a ransom. Pugachev has mercy on Grinev. City residents and garrison soldiers swear allegiance to Pugachev. Vasilisa Yegorovna, naked, is taken out onto the porch and killed.
Chapter 8 An uninvited guest.
Grinev is tormented by the thought of the fate of Masha, who did not manage to leave the fortress taken by the robbers. Masha hides her priest. From her, Grinev learns that Shvabrin went over to the side of Pugachev. Savelich informs Grinev that he understood the real reason for Pugachev's condescension to the life of Peter. The fact is that Pugachev is the very stranger who once brought them out of the snowstorm to sleep. Pugachev invites Grinev to his place. "All treated each other as comrades and did not show any particular preference for their leader ... Each boasted, offered his opinions and freely challenged Pugachev." The Pugachevites sing a song about the gallows ("Don't make a noise, mother green oak tree"). Pugachev's guests disperse. Face to face, Grinev honestly admits that he does not consider Pugachev a tsar. Pugachev: “Isn't there good luck to the daring one? Didn't Grishka Otrepiev reign in the old days? Think about me what you want, but keep up with me. " Pugachev lets Grinev go to Orenburg, despite the fact that he honestly promises to fight against him.
Chapter 9. Parting.
Pugachev ordered Grinev to inform the Orenburg governor that his army would come to the city in a week. Then Pugachev leaves the Belogorsk fortress. He appoints Shvabrin as the commandant of the fortress. Savelich gives Pugachev a "register" of the plundered lordly property, Pugachev, in a "fit of magnanimity", leaves him unattended and without punishment. Grants Grinev a horse and a fur coat from his shoulder. Meanwhile Masha falls ill.
Chapter 10. Siege of the city.
Grinev hurries to Orenburg to see General Andrei Karlovich. At the council of war "there was not a single military man." “All the officials talked about the unreliability of the troops, about the lack of luck, about caution and the like. Everyone was afraid to fight. Officials offer to bribe Pugachev's people (to set a high price for his head). The sergeant brings a letter from Masha to Grinev from the Belogorsk fortress. The summary of the letter: Shvabrin forces Masha to marry. The alarmed Grinev asks the general to give him at least a company of soldiers and fifty Cossacks to clear the Belogorsk fortress, but is refused.
Chapter 11. Rebellious settlement.
Finding themselves in a hopeless situation, Grinev, together with Savelich, go alone to help Masha. On the way, they fall into the hands of Pugachev's people. Pugachev interrogates Grinev about his intentions in the presence of confidants. “One of them, a shy and hunched-over old man with a gray beard, had nothing remarkable in himself, except for a blue ribbon worn over his shoulder over a gray army jacket. But I will never forget his comrade. He was tall, stout and broad-shouldered, and seemed to me forty-five years old. A thick red beard, gray sparkling eyes, a nose without nostrils and reddish spots on the forehead and on the cheeks gave his puffy broad face an inexplicable expression. ” Grinev admits that he is going to save the orphan from the claims of the new commandant Shvabrin. Confidants offer to deal not only with Shvabrin, but also with Grinev - to hang both. But Pugachev still clearly sympathizes with Grinev - "the debt by payment is red", promises to marry him to Masha. In the morning, Grinev goes to the fortress in the Pugachev’s wagon. In a confidential conversation, Pugachev tells him that he wants to go to Moscow, but “my street is cramped; will is not enough for me. My guys are getting smart. They are thieves. I must keep my ears open; at the first failure they will redeem their neck with my head. " Pugachev tells Grinev the old Kalmyk tale of the eagle and the raven (the raven pecked carrion, but lived up to 300 years, and the eagle agreed to starve, “it’s better to get drunk with living blood,” but they didn’t eat, “and then God gives it”).
Chapter 12. Orphan.
Arriving at the fortress, Pugachev learns that the commandant Shvabrin appointed by him is starving Masha. "By the will of the sovereign" Pugachev frees the girl. He wanted to immediately marry her to Grinev, but Shvabrin reveals that she is the daughter of the executed captain Mironov. “Execute, execute, grant, grant,” sums up Pugachev and releases Grinev and Masha.
Chapter 13. Arrest.
On the way from the fortress, soldiers arrest Grinev, mistaking him for a Pugachev, and take him to his boss, who turns out to be Zurin. On his advice, Grinev decides to send Masha and Savelich to their parents, and continue to fight himself. "Pugachev was defeated, but was not caught" and gathered new detachments in Siberia. Over time, they still catch him, and the war ends. But along with this, Zurin receives an order to arrest Grinev and send him under guard to Kazan to the Investigative Commission on the Pugachev case.
Chapter 14. Judgment.
With the direct complicity of Shvabrin, Grinev is accused of serving Pugachev. Peter is sentenced to exile in Siberia. Grinev's parents became very attached to Masha. Not wanting to abuse their generosity, Masha goes to Petersburg, stops in Tsarskoye Selo, meets the Empress in the garden and asks for mercy for Grinev, explaining that he came to Pugachev because of her. At an audience, the empress promises to help Masha and amnesty Grinev. The Empress keeps her promise and Grinev is freed. Peter decides to attend the execution of Pugachev. Ataman recognized him in the crowd and nodded his head to him as he climbed onto the block. "... after a minute, the dead and bloodied" Pugachev’s head "was shown to the people."
A very brief retelling of the novel "The Captain's Daughter"
The basis of this work by A.S. Pushkin is composed of the memoirs of the fifty-year-old nobleman Pyotr Andreyevich Grinev, written by him during the reign of Emperor Alexander and dedicated to the "Pugachevshchina", in which the seventeen-year-old officer Pyotr Grinev took an involuntary part. Pyotr Andreevich recalls with light irony his childhood as an ignorant noble. His father, Andrei Petrovich Grinev, in his youth, “served under Count Minich and retired as Prime Major in 17 ... year. Since then he lived in his Simbirsk village, where he married the girl Avdotya Vasilyevna Yu., The daughter of the poor nobleman there. ” The Grinev family had nine children, but only Peter survived of them. The rest died in infancy. “Mother was still my belly,” recalls Grinev, “as I was already enlisted in the Semenovsky Regiment as a sergeant.”
From the age of five, Petrusha has been looked after by the stirrup Savelich, who was given to him as an uncle "for sober behavior". "Under his supervision, in the twelfth year, I learned Russian reading and writing and could very sensibly judge the properties of a greyhound dog." Then came a teacher - the Frenchman Bopre, who did not understand the "meaning of this word", since he was a hairdresser in his own country and a soldier in Prussia. Young Grinev and the Frenchman Bopré quickly got along, and although Bopré was under contract to teach Petrush “French, German and all sciences”, he preferred to soon learn from his student “to chat in Russian”. Grinev's upbringing ends with the expulsion of Beaupres, convicted of lack of substance, drunkenness and neglect of the duties of a teacher. Until the age of sixteen, Grinev lives "undersized, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys."
In the seventeenth year, the father sends his son to the army to "smell the gunpowder" and "pull the strap." Peter, albeit with disappointment, goes to Orenburg. His father instructs him to serve faithfully "to whom you swear", and remember the proverb: "Take care of your dress again, and honor from your youth."
On the way, Grinev and Savelich fell into a blizzard. An accidental traveler, met on the road, leads to the task. On the way, Pyotr Andreyevich had a terrible dream in which the fifty-year-old Grinev sees something prophetic, linking him with the “strange circumstances” of his future life. A man with a black beard is lying in the bed of Father Grinev, and mother, calling him Andrei Petrovich and “the planted father”, wants Petrusha to “kiss his hand” and ask for blessings. A man waves an ax, the room is filled with dead bodies; Grinev stumbles over them, slides in bloody puddles, but his "terrible man" "gently calls out", saying: "Don't be afraid, come under my blessing."
In gratitude for the salvation, Grinev gives the "counselor", dressed too lightly, his hare toe loop and brings a glass of wine. A stranger with a low bow thanks him: “Thank you, Your Honor! God bless you for your virtue. ” The appearance of the “counselor” seemed to Grinev “remarkable”: “He was about forty years old, medium growth, thin and broad-shouldered. His black beard showed gray; living big eyes and ran. His face was rather pleasant, but roguish. ”
The Belogorsk fortress, where Grinev was to serve, turns out to be a village surrounded by a wooden fence. Instead of a brave garrison, there are people with disabilities who do not know where the left is, and where is the right side, instead of deadly artillery - an old cannon clogged with garbage. The commandant of the fortress, Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, is an officer "from soldiers' children", an uneducated person, but honest and kind. His wife, Vasilisa Egorovna, is the true mistress of the fortress and runs it everywhere.
Soon Grinev becomes “native” for the Mironovs, and he himself “imperceptibly became attached to a good family”. Grinev falls in love with the Mironovs' daughter Masha, "a sensible and sensitive girl." The service does not bother Grinev, he became interested in reading books, practicing translations and composing poems.
Over time, he finds much in common with Lieutenant Shvabrin, the only person in the fortress who is close to Grinev in education, age and occupation. However, then they quarrel - Shvabrin repeatedly speaks badly about Masha. Later, in a conversation with Masha, Grinev will find out the reasons for the stubborn slander with which Shvabrin persecuted her: the lieutenant wooed her, but was refused. “I don't like Alexei Ivanovich. He is very disgusting to me, ”Masha admits to Grinev. The quarrel is resolved by a duel and Grinev's injury.
Further events unfolded against the backdrop of a wave of robber uprisings that swept the country under the leadership of Yemelyan Pugachev. Soon the Belogorsk fortress is attacked by the Pugachev rebels. Pugachev himself holds a trial over the defenders of the fortress and executes commandant Mironov and his wife, as well as all who refused to recognize him (Pugachev) as sovereign. Miraculously, Masha manages to escape, who has hidden her priest. Petr Grinev also only narrowly escaped execution. Summary of the story his salvation comes down to the fact that Pugachev turned out to be the same stranger who once brought Grinev out of the storm and received generous thanks from him.
Pugachev respected the frank Grinev and let him go to Orenburg to report on his imminent invasion. In Orenburg, Grinev is trying in vain to persuade the military to confront the rebels. Everyone is afraid of war and decides to keep the defense inside the city. Soon Grinev receives news that Shvabrin, appointed by Pugachev as the commandant of Belogorsk skepticism, is forcing Masha to marry. Peter and Savelich go to her aid, but find themselves captured by rebel forces. Peter Grinev again faces Pugachev. He speaks honestly about the purpose of his visit to the fortress. Pugachev is again very friendly to Grinev and frees his beloved Masha from the hands of Shvabrin. They are released from the fortress. Peter sends his beloved to his parents, and he himself returns to the service. Soon Pugachev is caught and sentenced to death. At the same time, Grinev is also put on trial. Shvabrin slandered him in aiding Pugachev. Peter is convicted and sentenced to exile in Siberia. For the sake of her beloved Masha is seeking a meeting with Empress Catherine II. She begs her forgiveness of Peter and Catherine will grant him freedom.
The story ends with the execution of Pugachev, where Grinev was also present. The ataman recognized him in the crowd when he climbed the block, and briefly nodded to him goodbye. After this, the robber was executed.
The main character of the story, Pyotr Grinev, who is also the narrator, talks about his life. His father's name was Andrei Petrovich Grinev, he served under Count Minich, and rose to the rank of prime-major. Resigned. He lived in the Simbirsk village and there he married Avdotya Vasilievna. In addition to the author, there were 8 more children in the family, but all of them, except for the hero himself, died in infancy.
From the age of five, he grew up under the supervision of the stirrup Savelich. Who did everything so that at the age of 12 Pyotr Grinev was taught Russian literacy. At this age, the father hired Monsieur Beaupre for the Frenchman’s son. And Savelich did not like it very much. This Beaupre was windy, he had 2 passions - women and alcohol. He loved wine, but soon he fell in love with domestic liqueur. His job was to teach Peter French, German and other sciences. However, he preferred to learn more Russian from the boy, and then each went about his own business. Peter Grinev did not want another teacher, they lived in perfect harmony, but once they had to part, and all because of one story.
Monsieur Bopré molested the Laundress Palaschka and the barn, Shark, they went and complained to the boy’s mother.
She, in turn, told this to her husband, and he no longer hesitated decided to fire Beaupre. And moreover, at a not very good time. In time, the lesson should go from the Frenchman and the boy, and Monsieur was asleep, and even drunk, and the boy went about his business - he took a geographical map and began to make a snake out of it. In general, they removed the Frenchman from the house. And Savelich was happy.
Pyotr Grinev turned 16 years old, and it was then that the father decided to give his son to the service. The mother was very upset about the thought of separation from her son and cried. And the boy himself, on the contrary, this idea led into admiration and fantasies about a free Petersburg life in the person of an officer. However, the decision of Petrusha's father was somewhat different from past intentions. Despite the fact that the boy, while still in the womb, was enrolled in the regiment, Andrei Petrovich decided to send his son to the army, which, in his opinion, should make a real officer.
The father wrote a letter to his old friend Andrei Karlovich and told his son that he was not going to Petersburg, but to Orenburg. In general, Pyotr Grinev was no longer happy with the service that he had dreamed of a minute ago. The next day, a wagon drove up, suitcases with bundles were packed into it, and after the blessing of his parents, the boy, together with Savelich, sat down and left. That same night they arrived in Simbirsk. They needed to buy some things. Savelich did this, and the boy remained in the tavern. He became bored, and he began to walk on it, going into different rooms. So he ended up in a billiard room. There was a man of about thirty-five. Soon Peter met him. It was Ivan Ivanovich Zurin. He is the captain of the hussar regiment. In general, Zurin invited the guy to have dinner. He agreed. During the meal, Ivan Ivanovich drank a lot and told the soldiers' jokes, which greatly amused the boy. They got up from the table as good friends. The man proposed to teach Peter how to play billiards. According to him, this is a must-have skill for a real soldier. And the guy believed. I tried very hard to learn from this. Zurin encouraged Peter. And then he offered to play for money, the guy agreed. Then Ivan Ivanovich told Peter to drink the punch, he did that too. At the same time, with every sip, he became more and more courageous. Time passed. And then this man said that Grinev had lost 100 rubles to him. He began to apologize and said that Savelich had all the money. You need to wait. Zurin agreed and offered to go and dine at Arinushka's. They went to Arinushka's and ate. And Zurin kept adding to Peter, saying that he needed to get used to the service. As a result, they drove up to the tavern, where Savelich met them, he gasped when he saw the drunk ward, and put him to bed.
In the morning, Peter's head was very sore and he was very ashamed. Savelich blamed everything on the influence of the teacher Beaupre. The boy chased Savelich away, but he did not give in to this, he suggested pickle, honey or tincture. A boy entered the room and gave Peter a note. She was from Ivan Ivanovich Zurin. He asked for a refund. The guy had no choice but to ask Savelich for money. But he refused. After Peter began to be rude to the old man, saying that he was his master, and that servant, Savelich began to cry and began to beg the boy to write to Zurin that he could not give the money, since he did not have it. What Peter Grinev insisted on. Savelich went after them, and the boy sat and he felt sorry for his mentor. However, he began to order him because he wanted to quickly escape from Savelich’s supervision.
The money was given to Zurin, and Peter left that zlichny tavern and in general from Simbirsk.
CHAPTER II. Counselor
They drove to their destination. Peter wanted to make peace with Savelich, as he realized that he had behaved very stupidly, both with money, and with games, and with drink, and in general he acted ugly with the old man, saying many unpleasant things to him. As a result, they made up, and Pyotr Grinev promised not to behave like this anymore, not to dispose of money without knowledge, not to drink, and not to be rude. But Savelich said that he was only angry with himself, that he had left the guy alone in that tavern. Yet they made up.
There was already a little way to reach the destination. But the driver was advised to return, because he saw a cloud that portended the storm. But the wind seemed to Peter not strong, and therefore he ordered to get to the nearest station and find a lodging there. The coachman jumped faster and faster, but with the speed of the wagon, the speed of the snowstorm also increased. As a result, it snowed. A terrible blizzard began and the horses began to steel. Nothing was visible around, they hardly made out a man, but he said that in order to find an overnight stay, it was necessary to wait until the snowstorm subsided.
After some time, the counselor said that it was necessary to go to the right, because he felt that the wind and the smell of the fire were coming from there. Having a little doubt, Peter ordered the coachman to go there. The road was terrible, then drifts, then ravines. As a result, wrapped in a blanket, the guy fell asleep. And at this moment he has a very strange dream. As if a storm is raging. And they suddenly find themselves near Grinev's home. The guy is greeted by his mother in sadness, and says that Peter's father is dying and wants to say goodbye to his son. He enters the rooms and sees many people who have become around his father’s bed. He comes up, kneels down and sees a completely alien man. He is in a panic, does not understand what is happening. As a result, that man begins to laugh, and run after Peter holding an ax in his hands. He waves to them, and the bed of the dead appears in the room. Peter runs along them. And that man affectionately says, “Do not be afraid, come to me, receive a blessing.” At this moment, the guy woke up. Savelich woke him up and said that they had arrived at the inn.
“The owner, originally a Cossack of Yaitsky, seemed a man of about sixty, still fresh and peppy. The guide was about forty years old, medium in height, thin and broad-shouldered ... His face had an expression rather pleasant, but roguish. More than once he was in these parts. " The escort and the owner started talking in thieves' jargon about the affairs of the Yaitsk army, which had just been pacified after the revolt of 1772. Savelich looked at his interlocutors with suspicion. The inn was very much like a robber tributary. This only amused Petrusha.
Morning has come. The storm calmed down a bit. And the horses were served. They were about to leave. Peter paid the owner of the lodging place and decided to thank the counselor with money, but Savelich refused, then Peter told him to give him a hare sheepskin coat. Savelich refused, since he considered the counselor to be a drunkard, but Peter insisted, since he was grateful for the house shown. As a result, the sheepskin coat was presented, although he was small on a tramp, but he, tearing it at the seams, nevertheless climbed. He thanked the guy. And Savelich and Peter went on.
Finally Peter in Orenburg. Immediately went to the general, he read the letter and then sent Grinev to the Belogorsk fortress to the good and honest captain Mironov.
General Andrey Karlovich and Pyotr Grinev had lunch, and the guy went to his destination.
CHAPTER III. FORTRESS.
Petra drove a coachman. The guy all the way tried to imagine captain Mironov and that same fortress. He thought that the fortress would look very formidable, like the captain himself. But having driven for a short time, he saw a village that was fenced in - this was the fortress.
They arrived and stopped near a house built near a wooden church. Peter went into the house. Nobody met him. First I saw a disabled person who sent him to the room. There, he learned from the captain’s wife that Mironov was not at home right now. That officers are being transferred to this village for indecent acts. So, for example, Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin was transferred here because he stabbed his lieutenant with a sword.
A policeman came in, a young and stately Cossack. Vasilisa Yegorovna asked Maksimych to give the officer a cleaner apartment.
Pyotr Andreyevich was taken to Semyon Kuzov.
The hut stood on the high bank of the river, right on the edge of the fortress. One half of the hut was occupied by the Kuzov family, and the other was occupied by Pyotr and Savelich.
In the morning, when Peter began to dress, a young officer came to him, it was the same Shvabrin. He was not stupid and interesting in conversation. He told about life in the fortress. It was fun with him. Then the disabled captain came in from the front hall and invited Mironov to dinner at the house. Schwabrin decided to go with him.
They went to the commandant's house. Before entering, they saw about 20 old disabled people commanded by the captain. He turned out to be cheerful and short. He went up to them, greeted them, and then directed them to the house of Vasilisa Yegorovna, promising that he would come in after them. The hostess took it well. They began to set the table. Then the captain's daughter Masha came in, but Peter did not like her, since he had already heard from Shvabrin that she was very stupid. She sat down in a corner to sew, brought cabbage soup and the captain called her husband Ivan Kuzmich Mironov. He finally entered, accompanied by a disabled person. They sat down to dinner. And during this they actively communicated. The owners asked Peter about his family. They talked about how poor they lived. What a daughter without a dowry. That no one will attack their fortress, and even if it does, then that the captain, that his wife, is very brave people... But their daughter is a terrible coward, even afraid of shots.
Lunch is over. The captain and the captains went to bed, and Peter went to Shvabrin, with whom he spent the whole evening.
CHAPTER IV. DUEL.
A few weeks passed. And Peter began to like life in the fortress. The captain's family took him as their own. And having met Masha, he found prudence and sensuality in her. They became friends. The guy also liked the service, it was not complicated and regular. Rare teachings at the request of the captain. Seeing Schwabrin a couple of French books, Peter became interested in literature. He usually dined with the commandant. And he spent the whole evening there. However, Shvabrin's company became less pleasant every day. Since he constantly joked about the captain's family and about Marya Ivanovna. But there is no other society to be found there.
The days were good. Nothing threatened the fortress. However, one day there was a sudden civil strife.
Peter, carried away by literature, decided to write a poem. And he showed it to Shvabrin so that he could give an assessment. But he said that the poem is bad, like love couplets. And I saw in the heroine Masha - the captain's daughter. Then he said that if Peter wants Masha Mironova to be his and come to him at night, then instead of poetry, let him give her earrings. And he said he knew her from experience. Peter got angry, and Shvabrin, in turn, offered him a duel. And the guy agreed. He went to Ivan Ignatievich, that invalid, and asked him to be a second in their duel. But he, having heard about the duel, began to dissuade him from this matter.
Peter spent the evening at the captain's house. And then he liked Masha even more than usual. Since maybe he saw her for the last time. The duel, Shvabrin and Grinev, decided to carry out without a second. They discussed it so well that Ivan Ignatievich let it slip. But in the end, Shvabrin was able to get out, although not very beautiful for Peter. Since only he could understand that malice. As a result, Petrusha got tired of Shvabrin's company and he went to bed. Checking your sword before going to bed. The next day, at the appointed time, they met, took off their uniforms and when they showed their swords, Ivan Ignatievich came out with five more disabled people. And he took them to the commandant. Vasilisa Yegorovna took the swords and ordered them to be hidden. And the guys, in turn, are under arrest. But after this decision, she ordered the guys to reconcile and gave them the swords. They came out as if tried on, but nothing ended there. Their duel has been postponed for some time.
The next day, when Peter was in the commandant's house, he talked with Masha, and it turned out that a couple of months before Peter's arrival in the fortress, Shvabrin was married to her, but she refused, because he was disgusted with her. After this information, he finally understood why Shvabrin spoke so flattering about Masha. And the desire to fight became even greater. And he didn't have to wait long. In the evening, when Peter was trying to write something, Shvabrin knocked on his window, and they decided to arrange a duel at the same moment. They went down to the river and began to fight. Shvabrin was clever, but Peter was a worthy rival. Shvabrin began to weaken, and Peter began to drive him, when suddenly he heard his name, he looked around and it was Savelich. At that moment, something pricked him in the chest and below his right shoulder. And he fainted.
CHAPTER V. LOVE.
Peter woke up in a fortress unknown to him. It turned out that he lies in an unconscious state for 5 days. Masha took care of Peter. One day he woke up and saw Masha in front of him, she gently kissed him on the cheek. And at that moment he asked her to become his wife. She agreed, and was sure that she was born, too, would be happy, but worried about Peter's parents. And Grinev decided to write a letter to his father to receive a blessing. It turned out to be very eloquent and sensual.
Immediately after his recovery, he made up with Shvabrin. He was punished while sitting on guard under a bread store and his sword was seized. But Peter asked him to get rid of the punishment.
Finally, the long-awaited letter with the father’s response came to the guy. However, the answer was not what the guy was expecting. It said that he would not receive a blessing. Since he is greatly distressed by his sword fight. Also, because of this news, the mother fell ill and fell ill. However, Peter did not mention this in the letter. And the father also said that he would ask his friend to be transferred away from this fortress. Peter thought that Savelich had informed his father about the duel, but after he saw a letter addressed to the old man, in which the elder Grinev was scolding Savelich, suspicions fell on Shvabrin, and his dislike was shown very clearly.
Peter went to the captain’s daughter and asked to get married without the consent of his parents, but she refused. And since then I have avoided him.
The commandant’s house was not so open to him. With Vasilisa Yegorovna and Ivan Kuzmich, he met very rarely or at work. The service has become unbearable.
CHAPTER VI. PUGACHEVSHCHINA.
The Orenburg province at the end of 1773 was inhabited by many semi-wild peoples, who had recently recognized the rule of the Russian sovereigns. “Their perpetual indignation, the lack of habit of laws and civil life, frivolity and cruelty demanded constant supervision by the government to keep them in obedience. The fortresses were built in places considered convenient, inhabited for the most part by Cossacks, long-standing owners of the Yaik coast. But the Yaik Cossacks, who were supposed to protect the peace and security of this land, for some time were themselves restless and dangerous subjects for the government.
In 1772 there was an outrage in their main town. The reason for this was the strict measures taken by Major General Traubenberg in order to bring the army into due obedience. The consequence was the barbaric assassination of Traubenberg, a willful change in management and, finally, the suppression of rebellion by buckshot and cruel punishments.
One evening, at the beginning of October 1773, Peter was summoned to the commandant. There were already Shvabrin, Ivan Ignatyich and the Cossack sergeant. The commandant read a letter from the general, in which it was reported that the Don Cossack and schismatic Emelyan Pugachev had escaped from under the guard, "gathered a villainous gang, stirred up indignation in Yaik villages and had already taken and destroyed" several fortresses, carrying out robberies and deaths everywhere. " It was ordered to take appropriate measures to repulse the mentioned villain and impostor, and if possible, to completely destroy it, if he turned to the fortress entrusted to your care. ”
It was decided to establish guards and night patrols.
The captain did not want his wife and daughter to learn about such things. However, rumors of Pugachev scattered around the fortress quickly. But even despite this, Vasilisa Yegorovna did not know about this for some time. Once she even tortured her husband with her questions. But I never learned anything from him. But she was pretty cunning and found out everything from Ivan Ignatievich, who let slip to her. Soon everyone was talking about Pugachev.
“The commandant sent a policeman with an order to scout out carefully about everything in the neighboring villages and fortresses. The police officer returned two days later and announced that in the steppe sixty versts from the fortress he saw many lights and heard from the Bashkirians that an unknown force was coming. However, he could not say anything positive, because he was afraid to go further. "
Yulai, a baptized Kalmyk, told the commandant that the testimony of the officer was false: “upon his return, the crafty Cossack announced to his comrades that he was with the rebels, introduced himself to their leader, who admitted him to his hand and talked with him for a long time. The commandant immediately put the sergeant under guard and appointed Yulai in his place. " The sergeant fled from under the guard with the help of his associates.
It became known that Pugachev was going to immediately go to the fortress, inviting Cossacks and soldiers to his gang. It was heard that the villain had already taken possession of many fortresses.
It was decided to send Masha to Orenburg to her godmother.
CHAPTER VII. ATTACK.
Peter wanted to say goodbye to Masha. He was glad that she would leave and not be threatened. But the corporal came in and reported that their Cossacks had left the fortress at night and forcibly took Yulai. And near the fortress unknown people are driving around. And Grinev went to the commandant. He fled to the captain, but Ivan Ignatich met him and said that the commandant was on the rampart and was calling him. Pugachev came. And Masha did not have time to leave, the road was cut off. The fortress is surrounded. There were many people on the shaft. And everyone watched a lot of other unknowns who walked around the fortress. They were Bashkirs and Cossacks. Then the captain's wife and daughter Masha appeared on the shaft. The captain's daughter was scared at home alone. Her mother was interested in the situation, and she, in turn, smiled at Peter. He immediately imagined himself to be her knight, and most of all he wanted to show her that he was worthy of her.
The hour has come. More and more people began to approach the fortress. And they saw Pugachev himself, accompanied by several people - they were traitors to the fortress. One of them had a letter, and the other had Yulai's head stuck on a spear. The shooting started. The head was thrown to the captain's detachment. And soon they took away the letter.
Masha and the captain's wife saw the situation and decided to say goodbye to Mironov, as if they were seeing each other for the last time.
After the women left. The battle began - an attack. The enemy dismounted from their horses and began to advance on the fortress. They were shot with a cannon. And then Mironov and Peter fled to the attack, and all the others got scared and stood indestructibly. In general, after the battle, the fortress was captured and the captain, being wounded in the head, was taken with his detachment to the square, where Pugachev was waiting for them.
Pugachev was sitting on an armchair on the porch of Captain Mironov's house. And because the captain and Ivan Ignatyevich said that he was not their sovereign, he ordered them to be hanged. What they did not hesitate.
It was Pyotr Grinev's turn, he also thought to answer in the same way, but suddenly he saw among the traitors Shvabrin who approached Pugachev and said something to him, after which Peter was immediately ordered to hang.
He was taken to the gallows, and now everything was about to happen, when a scream was heard and Savelich ran in, who began to say that the guy’s father would give a big ransom, but for now let him hang the old man better. And Peter was immediately released.
Pugachev ordered the guy to kiss his hand, but he refused. As a result, for three hours, one after another, people came up and kissed the hand, bowed, only so as not to die. They cut the braids. Then a woman's scream was heard, Vaslisa Yegorovna was brought out completely naked. Chests, clothes and other decorous things were carried out behind it. She screamed what was done to her husband. As a result, she was hit on the head with a saber, and she fell down dead.
CHAPTER VIII. UNINVITED GUEST.
The area is empty. And Peter stood, and his thoughts were only about Masha. Is everything all right with her. He ran into the house, there everything was rummaged upside down.
Then he entered the girl's room for the first time and saw the same picture. He wept as he was afraid that the robbers had taken her. And then Palashka came out and said that the girl was hidden by Akulina Pamfilovna - the priest’s wife.
And in the priest’s house Pugachev was just feasting. Peter ran out into the street and quickly, quickly ran to this place. The broadsword ran after him. And at the request of Peter, she invisibly summoned Akulina Pamfilovna. She came out and said that Pugachev walked and looked at the allegedly sick niece, but did nothing to her.
Peter went, but Pugachev’s face was painfully familiar to the guy. And Savelich reminded him that this was the same counselor to whom Peter then presented his sheepskin coat. Peter was amazed. "I could not help marveling at the strange combination of circumstances: a children's sheepskin coat, presented to a tramp, relieved me of the noose, and a drunkard, staggering about inns, besieged fortresses and shook the state!"
“The duty required that Peter come to a place where his service could still be useful to the fatherland in the present, difficult circumstances ... But love strongly advised him to remain with Marya Ivanovna and be her protector and patron. Although Peter foresaw a quick and undoubted change in circumstances, he still could not help but tremble, imagining the danger of her position. "
Then a Cossack came in and said that Pugachev was demanding him to come to him. And Peter, without contesting, went to the commandant's house, where he was waiting for the guy.
“An unusual picture appeared to me: at the table, covered with a tablecloth and set in shtoffs and glasses, Pugachev and a man of ten Cossack foremen sat in hats and color shirts, heated with wine, with red faces and sparkling eyes. Between them there was neither Shvabrin, nor our squad, the newly-made traitors. “Ah, your honor! - said Pugachev when he saw me. - Welcome; honor and place, welcome. ” The interlocutors made room. I sat down silently on the edge of the table. "
After various conversations between those present, after songs about the gallows, everyone except Pugachev got up and left. And Peter was left alone with him. They were silent for a long time, and then laughed. Their constructive and honest conversation led to the fact that Pugachev let Peter go on all 4 sides. He only asked me to come in the morning to say goodbye to him. He left, ate what Savelich had prepared, and fell asleep on the bare floor.
CHAPTER IX. PARTING.
Early in the morning the drum woke Peter up and everyone began to gather in the square. Pugachev began to scatter coins, and people began to collect them, not without injury. Then Pugachev introduced the new commander of the fortress, it turned out to be Shvabrin. Pugachev called Peter and said goodbye to him, saying that he would convey in Orenburg what would happen in a week. Let them meet him very well.
Peter started to leave. As he heard that Savelich ran up to Pugachev, and showed a list of things that Pugachev's people had stolen from his ward. He rejected such requests of the old man and rode on his horse. Then Peter hurried to the priest's house to see Masha. But she had a seizure, which was accompanied by fever. She did not recognize Peter. In general, he decided, without hesitation, to rush to Orenburg in order to quickly free the fortress and the girl, whom he already considered his wife. He and Savelich walked along the Orenburg road. Heard the clatter of hooves and stopped. It was Pugachev's Cossack. He said that Pugachev was giving him a horse, a sheepskin sheepskin coat and half a dollar, but he lost the coins. In general, Grinev and the old man rode longer.
CHAPTER X. THE Siege of the City.
“Approaching Orenburg, we saw a crowd of prisoners with shaved heads, with faces disfigured by the executioner's tongs. They worked near fortifications, under the supervision of garrison disabled people. Others took out the rubbish that filled the moat in carts; others were digging the ground with their shovels; on the rampart, masons carried bricks and repaired the city wall.
At the gate the sentries stopped us and demanded our passports. As soon as the sergeant heard that I was going from the Belogorsk fortress, he led me straight to the general’s house. ”
Peter told the general everything. Most of all, the old man was worried about the captain's daughter.
For the evening a military council was appointed. And Peter, wishing to free the fortress, appeared exactly at the appointed time. At the council, he spoke about Pugachev, about people and said that the impostor had no way to resist the right weapon.
But no one wanted to step on the fortress. Therefore, it was decided to wait for the siege. And a week later, Pugachev was in a hurry to Orenburg. Due to the hunger that prevailed in that place, the inhabitants were not at all sweet. Peter was bored - the only occupation was riding on a horse donated by Pugachev. There were no letters. And he was terribly bored and worried about Masha. Once, when they managed to disperse a little the crowd that had found in Orenburg, Peter grabbed one Cossack and thought to hit him, but he showed his face in time. Grinev recognized him as a sergeant. He handed him a letter. From it, Peter learns that Shvabrin wants to force Masha to marry him, that he took her to live in his house. And Masha asks Peter to free her from this man. Peter began to ask the general for soldiers to clear the Belogorsk fortress. But he refused.
CHAPTER XI. REBELLABLE SETTLEMENT.
Peter went to the fortress. And with him Savelich. During the journey, they were captured by Pugachev’s people. And Peter again faced him. He said that he was on his way to the fortress to free the orphan from the hands of the evil Shvabrin. That he forcibly wants to marry her. Pugachev immediately said that he would hang the villain Shvabrin. But his fervor was reassured by two of his assistants. And they began to repeat to him that Peter was lying and he also needed to be hanged. But one argued the other. As a result, Pugachev believed Peter. And when the second thanked him for the horse and sheepskin coat, and completely disposed Grinev of the impostor.
Pugachev asked why he should free the girl, and he openly said that he was his bride. Pugachev became even more kinder and said that he would even marry him.
They had dinner. And in the morning a wagon was served, in which Pugachev, Peter and those two companions of the impostor went to the fortress. Before that, taking Savelich with him.
Peter was dreaming of meeting his beloved. Then he communicated with Pugachev, who only did what he boasted of his conquests. As a result, Peter saw that village and soon they drove into the Belogorsk fortress.
CHAPTER XII. AN ORPHAN.
“The wagon drove up to the porch of the commandant's house. The people recognized the bell of Pugachev and the crowd ran after us. Schwabrin met the impostor on the porch. He was dressed as a Cossack and grew a beard. The traitor helped Pugachev to get out of the wagon, expressing his joy and zeal in mean expressions. "
Shvabrin immediately realized that Pugachev had not come to him with good intentions. The second began to talk about the captain's daughter, he was even more frightened and asked that strangers not go to his wife. However, the villain immediately realized that Schwabrin was lying about his wife.
They went in. When Peter saw Masha, thin, disheveled, sitting on the floor, a jug of water and a piece of bread stood in front of her. She cried out from meeting with the only dear person on earth, and Peter does not even remember what happened to him when he saw his beloved.
Masha told Pugachev that Shvabrin was not her husband. And he let her go. However, Masha guessed that it was her parents' killer. And from such a shock, she fainted. The stick began to bring her to consciousness. Pugachev left the room, and he, Peter and Shvabrin went into the living room. Shvabrin told Pugachev that he was the daughter of Ivan Mironov, but Pugachev also forgave Grinev for this. He let them go. Thus giving complete freedom.
After discussing the further actions of Masha and Peter, they went over different options. They knew one thing, they couldn’t stay here, since Shvabrin was here. And it was impossible to think about Orenburg either. And Peter decided to invite his beloved to go to his village to his parents. That beginning hesitates, but still agreed. Only after Peter said that his father would consider it an honor to receive the daughter of an honored warrior. And Peter and Pugachev parted on a friendly note.
CHAPTER XIII. ARREST.
They drove up to the city, where there was a strong detachment that was marching towards Pugachev. There they stopped their wagon. And they began to ask who was going. Peter replied that the god of the sovereign, to which he was forced to go out and go to their major. Then Peter was told that the major had no time to receive him, that Grinev would be sent under supervision, and his girlfriend to the major. To which Peter went mad and ran straight to the officer. And surprisingly, it turned out to be Ivan Ivanovich Zurin, the same man who then beat Peter at billiards. They were delighted to meet and began to think about Pugachev and Peter talked about his adventures. At the same time, Zurin gave the best apartment to Masha Mironova.
Zurin gave friendly advice to his friend, send Masha to his parents, and serve in his regiment. Thinking and consulting with Masha for a long time, he agreed. And the captain's daughter, together with Savelich and the letter, went to Simbirsk.
Soon, Prince Golitsyn defeated Pugachev, and the second was detained. And in connection with such circumstances, Zurin gave leave to Peter. Peter, waiting for a meeting with his family, is about to move on the road, but Zurin shows him a letter ordering his arrest. Apparently the connection between Pugachev and Peter reached the government.
Updated: 2014-01-17
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The novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", conceived in 1833, is based on materials about the Pugachev revolt. And this is quite reasonable, because the author was then working on the historical essay "The History of Pugachev". Alexander Sergeevich managed to collect unique material about these events thanks to a trip to the Urals, where he had the opportunity to communicate with the living Pugachevites and record their stories.
As at that time, almost two hundred years ago, now this work will be interesting to the reader.
The main characters of the novel:
Petr Andreevich Grinev
Petr Andreevich Grinev- a sixteen-year-old youth, the son of Prime Minister Grinev, retired, whom his father sent to military service in the Orenburg fortress. As fate willed, he ended up in the Belgorod Fortress, where he fell in love with the daughter of Captain Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, Maria Ivanovna. Pyotr Andreevich is a decent man who does not tolerate meanness and betrayal, selfless, striving at all costs to protect his bride at the time when she falls into the hands of the traitor Shvabrin, a man of evil and terrible. To do this, he risks his life and associates with the rebel Emelyan Pugachev, although he does not even allow the thought of betrayal and that, like Shvabrin, go over to the side of the enemy and swear allegiance to the impostor. Distinctive feature Grineva - the ability to be grateful for the good. At the moment of obvious danger from Pugachev, he shows wisdom and disposes of the robber to himself.
Emelyan Pugachev
Emelyan Pugachev - the controversial image of the ataman of a gang of robbers who rebelled against the nobility, will not leave indifferent any of the readers. It is known from history that this real person, Don Cossack, leader peasant war, the most famous of the impostors who pretended to be Peter III. During the first meeting of Grinev with Pugachev, he sees that the appearance of the rebel is not remarkable: a forty-year-old man, broad-shouldered, thin, with moving eyes, and a pleasant, albeit roguish, expression on his face.
Cruel and stern, without mercy, cracking down on generals and those who do not want to swear allegiance to him, Pugachev, however, during the third meeting with Grinev, reveals himself as a person who wants to give mercy to whoever he wants (of course, it is clear that he played the sovereign ). Emelian is even dependent on the opinion of his entourage, although, contrary to the advice of his close associates, he does not want to execute Peter and acts for his own reasons. He understands that his game is dangerous, but it is too late to repent. After the rebel was caught, he was subjected to the well-deserved death penalty.
Maria Ivanovna Mironova
Maria Ivanovna Mironova is the daughter of the captain of the Belogorodsky fortress, Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, a kind, pretty, meek and modest girl, capable of lovingly. Her image is the personification of high morality and purity. Thanks to the dedication of Masha, who at all costs wished to save her beloved from lifelong shame due to imaginary betrayal, her beloved Peter returned home fully justified. And this is not surprising, because the kind girl sincerely told Catherine the Second the real truth.
Alexey Shvabrin
Alexey Shvabrin is the exact opposite of Pyotr Grinev in actions and character. A crafty, mocking and evil person who knows how to adapt to circumstances, he achieves his goal by deception and slander. A stab in the back during a duel with Grinev, going over to the side of the rebel Pugachev after the seizure of the Belogorodskaya fortress, mockery of the poor orphan Masha, who never wanted to become his wife, reveal the true face of Shvabrin - a very low and vile person.
Minor heroes
Andrey Petrovich Grinev- Peter's father. Strict with his son. Not wanting to look for easy ways for him, at the age of sixteen he sends the young man to serve in the army, and he, by the will of fate, ends up in the Belogorodskaya fortress.
Ivan Kuzmich Mironov- Captain of the Belogorodsky fortress, where the events of the story of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Captain's Daughter" take place. Kind, honest and loyal, devoted to the Fatherland, who wished better to die than to break the oath.
Vasilisa Egorovna- the wife of Captain Mironov, kind and economic, who was always aware of all the events in the fortress. She was killed by the saber of a young Cossack on the threshold of her house.
Savelich- the serf Grinevs, assigned to Petrusha from childhood, a devoted servant, honest and decent man, always ready to help and protect the young man in everything. Thanks to Savelich, who intervened in time for the young master, Pugachev did not execute Peter.
Ivan Ivanovich Zuev- The captain who beat Petrusha in Simbirsk and demanded a debt of one hundred rubles. Having met Pyotr Andreyevich for the second time, he persuaded the officer to serve in his detachment.
Broadsword- the serf of the Mironovs. The girl is lively and brave. He fearlessly seeks to help his mistress, Maria Ivanovna.
Chapter first. Sergeant of the Guard
In the first chapter, Peter Grinev talks about his childhood. His father, Andrei Petrovich Grinev, was a prime-major, and since he retired, he settled in a Siberian village and married Avdotya Vasilievna Yu, the daughter of a poor nobleman, who gave birth to nine children. Many of them did not survive, and Peter himself, from his mother’s womb, was "enrolled in the Semenovsky regiment as a sergeant, by the grace of the Major of the Guard of Prince B ...".
Grinev's childhood was initially unremarkable: until the age of twelve, Petya was under the supervision of Savelich, having learned Russian reading and writing; then his father hired a French hairdresser Bopré for the boy, but the lessons with him did not last long. For drunkenness and indecent behavior, the father expelled the Frenchman, and the child has since been partially left to himself. However, from the age of sixteen the fate of Peter Grinev changed dramatically.
“It's time for him to serve,” my father once said. And then, having written a letter to Andrei Karlovich R., his old friend, and having gathered his son, he sent him to Orenburg (instead of Petersburg, where the young man was supposed to serve in the guard). Petya did not like such a drastic change in circumstances, but there was nothing to do: she had to accept. The servant Savelich was ordered to look after him. On the way, stopping in a tavern where there was a billiard room, Peter met Ivan Ivanovich Zurin, the captain of the hussar regiment. At first, it would seem, their friendship began to grow stronger, but due to inexperience, the young man succumbed to the persuasion of a new acquaintance and lost him a whole hundred rubles, and besides, he also drank a lot of punch, which greatly upset the servant. Money had to be given, much to Savelich’s displeasure. 
Chapter Two Counselor
Peter felt guilty and looked for an opportunity to make peace with Savelich. After talking with the servant and lightening his soul, the young man promised to continue to behave smarter, but still it was a pity the money thrown into the wind.
A storm was approaching, as a small cloud foreshadowed. The driver offered to go back to avoid the harsh weather, but Peter did not agree and ordered to go as soon as possible. The consequence of such recklessness on the part of the young man was that a blizzard overtook them. Suddenly in the distance the travelers saw a man, and, having caught up with him, asked how to get to the road. Having sat in the wagon, the roadman began to assure that the village was not far, because it blew smoke. Having heeded the advice of the stranger, the driver, Savelich, and Pyotr drove where he said. Grinev dozed off and suddenly saw an unusual dream, which he later considered prophetic.
Peter dreamed that he had returned to his estate, and the sad mother reported about his father's serious illness. She took her son to the patient's bed so that dad would bless him before his death, but instead of him the young man saw a man with a black beard. “This is your seated father; kiss his hand, and may he bless you ... "- insisted my mother, but since Peter never wanted to agree, the black-bearded man suddenly jumped up and began swinging the ax to the right and to the left.
Many people died, dead bodies were scattered everywhere, and the terrible man kept calling the young man to come under his blessing. Pyotr was very frightened, but suddenly he heard Savelich's voice: "We have arrived!" They found themselves in an inn, and entered a clean, bright room. While the owner was busy about tea, the future soldier asked where their counselor was. “Here,” a voice from the coast replied suddenly. But when the owner started an allegorical conversation with him (as it turned out, by jokes about the affairs of the Yaitsky army), Peter listened with interest. Finally, everyone was overwhelmed by sleep.
The next morning the storm subsided, and the travelers began to gather for the journey again. The young man wished to thank the counselor by presenting him with a hare sheepskin coat, but Savelich objected. However, Peter showed perseverance, and the tramp soon became the proud owner of a solid, warm thing from the master's shoulder.
Arriving in Orenburg, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev appeared before a general who knew his father well and therefore treated the young man favorably. Having decided that there was nothing to do in Orenburg, he decided to transfer him as an officer to the *** regiment, and send him to the Belogorodskaya fortress, to Captain Mironov, an honest and to a good person... This upset the young soldier, because he went to study discipline in an even greater wilderness.
We bring to your attention the “Analysis of“ The Little Tragedies of Alexander Pushkin ”, which describes strong and outstanding personalities, within each of which a conflict is brewing, which inevitably leads to tragic consequences.
Chapter Three Fortress
Belogorsk fortress, located forty miles from Orenburg, contrary to the expectations of Peter, was an ordinary village. The commandant's office turned out to be a wooden house. The young man entered the canopy, then into the house, and saw an old woman in a scarf sitting by the window. She called herself the mistress. Finding out the reason why Peter appeared to them, his grandmother consoled him: “But you, father, don’t be sad that you were reproached for our backwater ... It’s tolerated - it will fall in love ...”
So began for a sixteen-year-old boy new life... The next morning he met Shvabrin, a young man exiled to the Belogorsk fortress for a duel. He was witty and far from stupid.
When Vasilisa Yegorovna invited Pyotr Andreyevich to dinner, a new comrade followed him. During the meal, conversation flowed peacefully, the hostess asked many questions. They touched on various topics. It turned out that Masha, the captain's daughter, is very timid, unlike her brave mother. Grinev had conflicting feelings about her, because at first Shvabrin described the girl as stupid.
Chapter four. Duel
Days passed, and the new life in the Belogorodsky fortress seemed to Peter to some extent even pleasant. He dined each time with the commandant, met better with Maria Ivanovna, but he stopped taking Shvabrin’s sharp remarks about this or that person with the same gaiety.
Once Peter Andreevich shared with his comrade his new poem about Masha (in the fortress he was sometimes engaged in creativity), but suddenly he heard a lot of criticism. Shvabrin literally ridiculed every line written by Grinev, and it is not surprising that a serious quarrel arose between them, threatening to develop into a duel. The desire for a duel was nevertheless affirmed in the hearts of former comrades, but, fortunately, Ivan Ignatievich prevented him from realizing the dangerous plan, and he arrived in time for the appointed duel.
However, the first attempt was followed by another, especially since Grinev already knew the reason why Shvabrin treats Masha so badly: it turns out that last year he wooed her, but the girl refused. Fueled by a feeling of extreme dislike for Alexei Ivanovich, Peter agreed to a duel. This time everything ended worse: Grinev was wounded in the back.
We bring to your attention a poem by A.S. Pushkin's "The Bronze Horseman", which combines the story of the fate of an ordinary resident of St. Petersburg, who suffered during the flood, Eugene and historical and philosophical reflections on the state ...
Chapter Five Love
The young man lay unconscious for five days, and when he regained consciousness, he saw in front of him the alarmed Savelich and Maria Ivanovna. Suddenly Grinev was so overwhelmed by love for the girl that he felt extraordinary joy, all the more convinced that Masha had reciprocal feelings. Young people dreamed of tying their fates, but Peter was afraid not to receive his father’s blessing, although he tried to write him a convincing letter.
Youth took its toll, and Peter began to quickly recover. A positive role was also played by the joyful mood, which the hero of the novel now felt every day. Not being vindictive by nature, he made up with Shvabrin.
But suddenly happiness was overshadowed by news from his father, who not only did not give his consent to the marriage, but scolded his son for unreasonable behavior and threatened to petition to be transferred away from the Belogorodskaya fortress.
In addition, the mother, having learned about the injury of her only son, went to bed, which further upset Peter. But who told him? How did your father know about the duel with Shvabrin? These thoughts haunted Grinev, and he began to blame Savelich for everything, but in his defense he showed a letter in which Peter's father poured rude expressions at him for concealing the truth.
Maria Ivanovna, learning about her father's categorical unwillingness to bless them, resigned herself to fate, but began to avoid Grinev. And he finally lost heart: he stopped going to the commandant, sat in the house, even lost the desire to read and all kinds of conversations. But here there were new events that affected the whole future life of Pyotr Andreevich.
Chapter six. Pugachevshchina
In this chapter, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev describes the situation in the Orenburg province at the end of 1773. During that turbulent time, riots broke out in different places, and the government took strict measures to suppress the riots from the wild peoples inhabiting the province. Trouble came to the Belogorodskaya fortress. On that day, all officers were urgently summoned to the commandant, who informed them of important news about the threat of an attack on the rebel fortress Emelyan Pugachev with his gang. Ivan Kuzmich sent his wife and daughter in advance to visit the horse, and closed the servant Palashka in a closet during a secret conversation. When Vasilisa Yegorovna returned, at first she couldn’t try to extract from her husband what really happened. However, when she saw how Ivan Ignatievich was preparing a cannon for battle, she guessed that someone might attack the fortress and cunningly squeezed out information about Pugachev from him.
Then the harbingers of trouble began to appear: a Bashkir, captured with outrageous letters, whom at first they wanted to whip in order to obtain information, but, as it turned out later, not only his ears and nose, but also his tongue were cut off; an alarming message from Vasilisa Yegorovna that the Lower Lake Fortress was taken, the commandant and all the officers were suspended, and the soldiers were held captive.
Peter was very worried about Maria Ivanovna and her mother, who were in danger, and therefore suggested temporarily hiding them in the Orenburg fortress, but Vasilisa Egorovna was categorically against leaving home. Masha, whose heart was languishing from a sudden parting with her beloved, was hastily collected on the road. The girl, sobbing, said goodbye to Peter.
Chapter Seven. Attack
Unfortunately, the alarming forecasts came true - and now Pugachev with his gang has embarked on the fortress. All roads to Orenburg were cut off, so Masha did not have time to evacuate. Ivan Kuzmich, sensing an imminent demise, blessed his daughter and said goodbye to his wife. Fierce rebels rushed into the fortress and captured the officers and the commandant. Ivan Kuzmich, as well as Lieutenant Ivan Ignatievich, who did not want to swear allegiance to Pugachev, who pretended to be the sovereign, were hanged on the gallows, but Grinev escaped death thanks to the kind and loyal Savelich. The old man begged the "priest" for mercy, offering better to hang him, but let the gentleman's child go. Peter was released. Ordinary soldiers swore allegiance to Pugachev. Vasilisa Yegorovna, who was pulled naked from the commandant’s house, began to vote for her husband, cursing the fugitive convict, and died from the saber of a young Cossack.
Chapter Eight. Uninvited guest
Alarmed by the unknown about the fate of Masha, Pyotr Andreevich entered the crushed commandant’s house, however, he only saw the frightened Palasha, who reported that Maria Ivanovna was hidden in the buttocks, Akulina Pamfilovna.
This news excited Grinev even more, because Pugachev was there. He rushed to the priest’s house and, entering the canopy, he saw the feasting Pugachevites. Quietly asking Palasha to call Akulina Pamfilovna, he asked the priest about Masha's condition.
Lies, my dear, on my bed ... - she answered and said that Pugachev, when he heard Masha moan, began to wonder who was behind the partition. Akulina Pamfilovna had to come up with a story on the go about her niece, who has been sick for the second week. Pugachev wished to look at her; no persuasion helped. But, fortunately, everything worked out. Even Shvabrin, who had gone over to the side of the rebels and was now feasting with Pugachev, did not betray Maria.
A little reassured, Grinev came home, and there Savelich surprised him, saying that Pugachev was none other than a tramp whom they met on the way to Orenburg, to whom Pyotr Andreyevich presented a hare sheepskin coat.
Suddenly one of the Cossacks came running and said that the chieftain was demanding Grinev to him. I had to obey, and Peter went to the commandant’s house, where Pugachev was. A conversation with an impostor aroused contradictory feelings in the young man's soul: on the one hand, he understood that he would never swear allegiance to the newly-minted chieftain, on the other, he could not risk death, calling himself a deceiver. Meanwhile, Emelyan was waiting for an answer. “Listen; I’ll tell you the whole truth, ”said the young officer. - Judge, can I recognize the sovereign in you? You are a smart person: you yourself would see that I am deceiving. "
Who am I, in your mind?
- God knows you; but whoever you are, you are joking a dangerous joke ... "
In the end, Pugachev yielded to Peter's request and agreed to let him go. 
Chapter nine. Parting
Pugachev generously let Grinev go to Orenburg, ordering him to inform him that he would be there in a week, and Shvabrina was appointed new commander. Suddenly Savelich handed the chieftain a sheet of paper and asked him to read what was written there. It turns out that it was about the property of the commandant's house plundered by the Cossacks and about compensation for damage, which angered Pugachev. However, he pardoned Savelich this time too. And Grinev, before leaving, decided to visit Maria again and, entering the priest's house, saw that the girl was unconscious, suffering from severe fever. Alarming thoughts haunted Peter: how to leave a defenseless orphan in the midst of evil rebels. It was especially depressing that the new commander of the impostors was Schwabrin, who could cause harm to Masha. With a pain in his heart, tormented by strong emotions, the young man said goodbye to the one whom he already considered his wife in his soul.
On the way to Orenburg, they were overtaken by Savelich and the traitor-policeman, saying that "the father favors a horse and a fur coat from his shoulder", and even half a money (which he lost on the way). And although the sheepskin sheepskin coat was not worth even half that was plundered by the villains, Peter nevertheless accepted such a gift.
Chapter ten. Siege of the city
So, Grinev and Savelich arrived in Orenburg. The sergeant, having learned that the newcomers were from the Belogorodskaya fortress, took them to the general's house, who turned out to be a good-natured old man. From a conversation with Peter, he learned about the terrible death of Captain Mironov, the death of Vasilisa Yegorovna and that Masha remained with the priest.
A few hours later, a military council began, at which Grinev was present. When they began to discuss how to act in relation to criminals - defensively or offensively, only one Peter expressed a firm opinion that it is necessary to resolutely resist the villains. The rest leaned towards a defensive position.
The siege of the city began, as a result of which hunger and misfortune raged. Grinev was worried about the fate of his girlfriend. And once again, having left for the enemy's camp, Peter unexpectedly ran into the police officer Maksimych, who handed him a letter from Maria Ivanovna. The news, where the poor orphan asked to protect her from Shvabrin, who forcibly forces her to marry him, pissed off Peter. A rash, he rushed into the general’s house, asking for soldiers to clear the Belgorod fortress as soon as possible, but not finding support, he decided to act on his own.
Chapter eleven. Rebellious settlement
Peter and Savelich rush to the Belogorodsky fortress, but on the way they are surrounded by rebels and lead to their chieftain. Pugachev is again supportive of Grinev. Having listened to the request of Pyotr Andreyevich to free Masha from Shvabrin's hands, he decides to go to the fortress. On the way, they have a conversation. Grinev persuades Pugachev to surrender at the mercy of the empress, but he objects: it is too late to repent ...
Chapter twelve. An orphan
Contrary to Shvabrin’s assurances that Maria Ivanovna was ill, Pugachev ordered him to be led to her room. The girl was in a terrible state: she was sitting on the floor, in a ragged dress, with disheveled hair, pale, thin. Nearby was a jug of water and a loaf of bread. Emelyan became indignant at Shvabrin for deceiving him by calling Masha his wife, and then the traitor revealed a secret: the girl is not the niece of the priest, but the daughter of the deceased Mironov. This aroused the anger of Pugachev, but not for long. Grinev managed to make excuses here, because, having learned the truth, the people of the impostor would have bitten a defenseless orphan. In the end, to Peter's great joy, Emelyan allowed him to take the bride. We decided to go to the village to see our parents, because it was impossible either to stay here or to go to Orenburg. 
Chapter Thirteen Arrest
In anticipation of long happiness, Pyotr Andreevich set off with his beloved on the road. Suddenly, with terrible abuse, a crowd of hussars surrounded them, confusing them with Pugachev's traitors. The travelers were arrested. Having learned about the impending danger of the prison, where the major ordered him to be put, and the girl to be personally brought to him, Grinev rushed to the porch of the hut and boldly entered the room, where, to his surprise, he saw Ivan Ivanovich Zuev. When the situation cleared up, and everyone realized that Maria was not Pugachev's gossip at all, but the daughter of the late Mironov, Zuev went out and apologized to her.
After a short persuasion from Ivan Ivanovich, Grinev decided to stay in his detachment, and send Maria with Savelich to his parents, in the village, having handed a cover letter.
So Pyotr Andreevich began to serve in the detachment of Zuev. The centers of the uprising, flaring up in places, were soon suppressed, but Pugachev was not immediately caught. More time passed before the impostor was neutralized. The war ended, but, alas, Grinev’s dreams of seeing his relatives did not materialize. Suddenly, like a bolt from the blue, a secret order to arrest him came.
Chapter fourteen. Court
Although Grinev, who, according to Shvabrin's denunciation, was considered a traitor, could easily justify himself before the commission, he did not want to involve Maria Ivanovna in this situation, and therefore kept silent about the real reason for the sudden departure from the Orenburg fortress and meeting with Pugachev.
Mary, meanwhile, was warmly received by Peter's parents and sincerely explained why their son was arrested, refuting any thought of treason. However, a few weeks later the priest received a letter stating that Pyotr Grinev had been sentenced to exile and would be sent to an eternal settlement. This news was a big blow for the family. And then Maria decided to go to Petersburg and personally explain the situation, having met with the Empress, Catherine II. Fortunately, the girl’s plan was a success, and providence contributed to this. On an autumn morning, already being in Petersburg, she got into conversation with a lady of about forty and told her about the reason for her arrival, not even suspecting that the Empress herself was in front of her. Sincere words in defense of the one who risked his life for his beloved touched the empress, and she, convinced of Grinev's innocence, gave the order to release him. Happy lovers soon reunited their fates. Pugachev was overtaken by a well-deserved execution. Standing on the block, he nodded his head to Pyotr Grinev. A minute later she flew off his shoulders.
“The Captain's Daughter” - a novel by A. S. Pushkin
5 (100%) 5 votesIn this article, we will describe the work of A.S. Pushkin's "Captain's Daughter". A chapter retelling of this short novel, published in 1836, is here for your attention.
1. Sergeant of the Guard
The first chapter begins with the biography of Pyotr Andreyevich Grinev. The father of this hero served, after which he retired. There were 9 children in the Grinev family, but eight of them died in infancy, and Peter was left alone. His father wrote it down even before his birth in the Semenovsky regiment. Pyotr Andreyevich was on vacation until adulthood. Uncle Savelich serves as the boy's educator. He supervises the development of Russian literacy by Petrusha.
After some time, the Frenchman Bopre was discharged to Peter. He taught him German, French, and various sciences. But Beaupre was not engaged in raising a child, but only drank and walked. The boy's father soon discovered this and drove away the teacher. Peter in the 17th year is sent to the service, but not to the place where he hoped to get. He goes to Orenburg instead of Petersburg. This decision determined the fate of Peter, the hero of the work "Captain's Daughter."
Chapter 1 describes the parting words from father to son. He tells him that it is necessary to protect honor from a young age. Petya, having arrived in Simbirsk, meets in a tavern with Zurin, the captain, who taught him to play billiards, and also gave him a drink and won 100 rubles from him. Grinev seemed to break free for the first time. He acts like a boy. Zurin in the morning requires the required gain. Pyotr Andreevich, in order to show his character, makes Savelich, protesting this, give money. Then, feeling reproaches of conscience, Grinev leaves Simbirsk. This is how chapter 1 ends in the work "The Captain's Daughter". Let's describe the further events that happened to Pyotr Andreevich.
2. Counselor
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin tells us about the further fate of this hero of the work "The Captain's Daughter". Chapter 2 of the novel is called the Counselor. In it, we first meet Pugachev.
Grinev on the way asks Savelich to forgive him for his stupid behavior. Suddenly a storm begins on the road, Peter and his servant go astray. They meet a man who offers to accompany them to the inn. Grinev, riding in a booth, has a dream.
Grinev's dream is an important episode of The Captain's Daughter. Chapter 2 describes it in detail. In it, Peter comes to his estate and discovers that his father is dying. He approaches him to take the last blessing, but instead of his father he sees an unknown man with a black beard. Grinev is surprised, but his mother convinces him that this is his planted father. Brandishing an ax, a black-bearded man jumps up, dead bodies filling the whole room. At the same time, the man smiles at Pyotr Andreevich, and also offers him a blessing.
Grinev, already in the inn, examines his guide and notices that he is the same person from sleep. He is an average height man of forty, thin and broad-shouldered. Gray is already visible in his black beard. The man's eyes are alive, they feel sharpness and subtlety of mind. The counselor's face has a rather pleasant expression. It's roguish. His hair is cut in a circle, and this man is dressed in Tatar trousers and an old Armenian.
The counselor talks to the owner in "allegorical language". Pyotr Andreyevich thanks his companion, gives him a hare sheepskin coat, pours a glass of wine.
An old friend of Grinev's father, Andrei Karlovich R., sends Peter from Orenburg to serve in the Belogorsk fortress located 40 miles from the city. This is where the novel "Captain's Daughter" continues. Chapters retelling of further events occurring in it, the following.
3. Fortress
This fortress resembles a village. Vasilisa Yegorovna, a reasonable and kind woman, the wife of the commandant, is in charge of everything here. Grinev the next morning meets Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin, a young officer. This man is of short stature, superbly ugly, dark complexion, very lively. He is one of the main characters in The Captain's Daughter. Chapter 3 is the place in the novel where this character first appears before the reader.
Because of the duel, Shvabrin was transferred to this fortress. He tells Pyotr Andreyevich about the life here, about the commandant’s family, while speaking unflattering about his daughter, Masha Mironova. A detailed description of this conversation can be found in the work "The Captain's Daughter" (Chapter 3). The commandant invites Grinev and Shvabrin to a family dinner. Peter sees on the way how the "exercises" are going on: a platoon of disabled people is led by Ivan Kuzmich Mironov. He is wearing a "Chinese robe" and a cap.
4. Duel
Chapter 4 occupies an important place in the composition of the work "The Captain's Daughter". It tells the following.
The commandant’s family really likes Grinev. Peter Andreevich becomes an officer. He communicates with Shvabrin, but this communication brings the hero less and less pleasure. Aleksey Ivanovich's sharp remarks about Masha are especially disliked by Grinev. Peter writes mediocre verses and devotes them to this girl. Shvabrin sharply speaks about them, while insulting Masha. Grinev accuses him of lying, Alexey Ivanovich challenges Peter to a duel. Vasilisa Yegorovna, having learned about this, orders the arrest of the duelists. The broadsword, a domestic girl, robs them of their swords. After a while, Pyotr Andreyevich becomes aware that Shvabrin got married to Masha, but received a refusal from the girl. He now understands why Alexey Ivanovich slandered Masha. A duel was again appointed, in which Pyotr Andreyevich was wounded.
5. Love
Masha and Savelich are taking care of the wounded. Petr Grinev makes a proposal to the girl. He sends a letter to his parents asking for blessings. Shvabrin visits Pyotr Andreyevich and admits his guilt to him. Father Grinev does not give him a blessing, he already knows about the duel that happened, and Savelich did not tell him about it at all. Pyotr Andreevich believes that this was done by Alexei Ivanovich. Without the consent of the parents, the captain’s daughter does not want to marry. Chapter 5 tells about her decision. We will not describe in detail the conversation between Peter and Masha. We will only say what the captain’s daughter decided to avoid in the future. The chapter retelling continues with the following events. Pyotr Andreevich stops visiting the Mironovs, becomes discouraged.
6. Pugachevschina
A notice that a robber gang led by Yemelyan Pugachev is operating in the vicinity comes to the commandant. This gang attacks the fortresses. Pugachev soon reached the Belogorsk fortress. He urges the commandant to surrender. Ivan Kuzmich decides to expel his daughter from the fortress. The girl says goodbye to Grinev. However, her mother refuses to leave.
7. Attack
Attack of the fortress continues the work "Captain's Daughter". Retelling the chapters of further events is as follows. At night, the Cossacks leave the fortress. They go to the side of Emelyan Pugachev. The gang attacks him. Mironov, with a few defenders, is trying to defend, but the forces of the two sides are unequal. Emelyan Pugachev who seized the fortress arranges the so-called court. The executions on the gallows betray the commandant, as well as his comrades. When it comes to Grinev's turn, Savelich begs Emelyan, throwing himself at his feet, to spare Pyotr Andreyevich, offers him a ransom. Pugachev agrees. Residents and soldiers give Emelyan an oath. They kill Vasilisa Yegorovna, taking her naked to the porch, as well as her husband. Pyotr Andreevich leaves the fortress.
8. Uninvited guest
Grinev is very worried about how the captain's daughter lives in the Belogorsk fortress.
The content of the chapters of the subsequent events of the novel describes the subsequent fate of this heroine. A girl is hiding in a horse who tells Pyotr Andreyevich that Shvabrin is on the side of Pugachev. Grinev learns from Savelich that Pugachev is their escort on the way to Orenburg. Emelyan calls Grinev to him, he comes. Pyotr Andreevich draws attention to the fact that everyone behaves like comrades with each other in Pugachev's camp, and does not give preference to the leader.
Everyone boasts, expresses doubts, disputes Pugachev. His people sing a song about the gallows. The guests disagree. Grinev tells him privately that he does not consider him a king. He replies that luck will be daring, because once Grishka Otrepiev ruled. Emelyan releases Pyotr Andreyevich to Orenburg despite the fact that he promises to fight against him.
9. Parting
Emelyan gives Peter the order to tell the governor of this city that the Pugachevites will soon arrive there. Pugachev, leaving the Belogorsk fortress, leaves Shvabrin as commandant. Savelich writes a list of Pyotr Andreevich's plundered goods and sends it to Yemelyan, but he does not pay attention to him in a "fit of magnanimity" and does not punish the impudent Savelich. He even favors Grinev with a fur coat from his shoulder, gives him a horse. Meanwhile Masha is ill in the fortress.
10. Siege of the city
Peter goes to Orenburg, to Andrei Karlovich, general. Military people are absent from the military council. There are only officials here. It is more prudent, in their opinion, to remain behind a reliable stone wall than to experience your happiness in an open field. For the head of Pugachev, officials propose to appoint a high price and bribe Yemelyan's people. The sergeant from the fortress brings Peter Andreevich a letter from Masha. She reports that Schwabrin is forcing her to become his wife. Grinev asks the general for help, to provide him with people in order to clear the fortress. However, he refuses.
11. Rebellious settlement
Hurry to the aid of a girl Grinev with Savelich. Pugachev's people stop them on the way and lead them to the leader. He interrogates Pyotr Andreyevich about his intentions in the presence of confidants. Pugachev’s people are a hunched, puny old man with a blue ribbon worn over his shoulder over a gray Armenian, as well as a tall, full-bodied and broad-shouldered man of about forty-five. Grinev tells Emelyan that he came in order to save the orphan from the claims of Shvabrin. Pugachevites offer both Grinev and Shvabrin to simply solve the problem - hang them both. However, Pyotr Pugachev is clearly sympathetic, and he promises to marry him to a girl. Pyotr Andreyevich in the morning goes to the fortress in the Pugachev’s wagon. He, in a confidential conversation, tells him that he would like to go to Moscow, but his comrades are robbers and thieves who will surrender the leader at the first failure, saving their own neck. Emelyan tells a Kalmyk tale about a crow and an eagle. Raven lived for 300 years, but at the same time pecked carrion. And the eagle preferred to starve, but did not eat. It’s better to get drunk with living blood once, says Emelyan.
12. Orphan
In the fortress, Pugachev learns that the girl is being bullied by the new commandant. Shvabrin starves her. Emelyan frees Masha and wants to marry her immediately with Grinev. When Shvabrin says that this is Mironov's daughter, Emelyan Pugachev decides to let Grinev and Masha go.
13. Arrest
Soldiers on the way from the fortress are taken under the arrest of Grinev. They take Pyotr Andreevich for a Pugachev and lead him to the boss. It turns out to be Zurin, who advises Pyotr Andreevich to send Savelich and Masha to their parents, and Grinev himself - to continue the battle. He follows this advice. Pugachev's army was defeated, but he himself was not caught, he managed to assemble new detachments in Siberia. Yemelyan is being pursued. Zurin is ordered to arrest Grinev and send him under guard to Kazan, betraying the investigation into the Pugachev case.
14. Court
Pyotr Andreevich is suspected of serving Pugachev. In this, the last role was played by Schwabrin. Peter is sentenced to exile in Siberia. Masha lives with Peter's parents. They became very attached to her. The girl goes to Petersburg, to Tsarskoye Selo. Here she meets the Empress in the garden and asks to have mercy on Peter. Tells about how he got to Pugachev because of her, the captain's daughter. Briefly by chapters, the novel we described concludes as follows. Grinev was released. He is present at the execution of Yemelyan, who nods his head recognizing him.
According to the genre, the historical novel is the work "The Captain's Daughter". The chapter retelling does not describe all the events, we have mentioned only the main ones. Pushkin's novel is very interesting. After reading the original work "The Captain's Daughter" in chapters, you will understand the psychology of the heroes, as well as learn some of the details that we omitted.
main characters
Petr Grinev - Petr Andreevich Grinev. 16 year old nobleman. Grinev enters the service at the Belogorsk fortress near Orenburg. Here he falls in love with the daughter of the boss - the captain's daughter Masha Mironova.
Masha Mironova - Marya Ivanovna Mironova, captain's daughter. 18-year-old daughter of Captain Mironov. An intelligent and kind girl, a poor noblewoman. Masha and Peter Grinev fall in love with each other. They overcome many difficulties on the path to happiness.
Emelyan Pugachev - Don Cossack. Raises rebellion and impersonates the late emperor Peter III (husband of Catherine II). He attacks the Belogorsk fortress, where Grinev serves. Pugachev has friendly relations with Grinev, despite the fact that Pugachev is a cruel robber.
Chapter 1. Sergeant of the Guard
At the beginning of the story the main character Peter Grinev tells the reader about his young life. He - the only survivor of 9 children of a retired major and a poor noblewoman, lived in a middle-class noble family. The young servant was actually engaged in the upbringing of the young master. Peter's education was low, since his father, a retired major, hired the French hairdresser Beaupre, who leads an immoral lifestyle, as a tutor. For drunkenness and depraved actions he was expelled from the estate. And the father decided to send 17-year-old Petrushu according to old relations to serve in Orenburg (instead of Petersburg, where he was supposed to go to serve in the guard) and attached Savelich’s servant to him for supervision. Petrusha was upset, because instead of partying in the capital, he was waiting for a dull existence in the wilderness. During a stop on the way, the young gentleman made acquaintance with the ringleader-captain Zurin, because of whom, under the pretext of training, he was drawn into playing billiards. Then Zurin offered to play for money, and as a result, Petrusha lost as much as 100 rubles - a lot of money at that time. Savelich, being the keeper of the lord's "treasury", is against Peter's debt, but the master insists. The servant is indignant, but he gives the money.
Chapter 2. Counselor
In the end, Peter is ashamed of his loss and promises Savelich not to gamble anymore. There is a long road ahead of them, and the servant forgives the master. But because of Petrusha's indiscretion, they again get into trouble - the approaching storm did not embarrass the young man and he ordered the driver not to return. As a result, they lost their way and nearly froze. For good luck, they met a stranger who helped the lost travelers to go to the inn.
Grinev recalls how then he, tired of the journey, had a dream in the wagon, which he called prophetic: he sees his house and his mother, who says that his father is dying. Then he sees an unfamiliar man with a beard in his father’s bed, and his mother says that he is her named husband. The stranger wants to give the "father's" blessing, but Peter refuses and then the man takes up the ax, and corpses appear around. He does not touch Peter.
They drive up to an inn that looks like a thieves' haven. A stranger, frozen in a cold in one Armenian, asks Petrusha for wine, and he treats him. A strange conversation took place between the man and the owner of the house in the thieves' language. Peter does not understand the meaning, but everything he heard seems very strange to him. Leaving the shelter, Peter, to Savelich's next displeasure, thanked the guide by presenting him with a hare sheepskin coat. What the stranger bowed to, saying that the century will not forget such mercy.
When Peter finally gets to Orenburg, his father’s colleague, having read the cover letter with the order to keep the young man “in black gloves,” sends him to serve in the Belgorod Fortress - an even greater wilderness. This could not but upset Peter, who had long dreamed of a guard uniform.
Chapter 3. Fortress
The master of the Belgorod garrison was Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, but his wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, actually ran everything. Simple and sincere people immediately liked Grinev. The middle-aged couple Mironovs had a daughter Masha, but so far their acquaintance has not taken place. In the fortress (which turned out to be a simple village), Peter meets the young lieutenant Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin, who was exiled here from the guards for a duel that ended in the death of the enemy. Shvabrin, having a habit of speaking unflatteringly about others, often spoke sarcastically about Masha, the captain's daughter, making her a complete fool. Then Grinev himself meets the commander's daughter and questions the lieutenant's statements.
Chapter 4. Duel
By nature, the kind and complacent Grinev began to become more and more friends with the commandant and his family, and moved away from Shvabrin. The daughter of captain Masha did not have a dowry, but turned out to be a charming girl. Peter did not like Shvabrin's sharp remarks. Inspired by thoughts of a young girl on quiet evenings, he began to write poems to her, the contents of which he shared with a friend. But he ridiculed him, and even more began to humiliate Masha’s dignity, assuring that she would come at night to the one who would give her a pair of earrings.
As a result, the friends quarreled, and it came to a duel. Vasilisa Yegorovna, the commandant's wife, found out about the duel, but the duelists pretended to be reconciled, deciding to postpone the meeting the next day. But in the morning, as soon as they had time to draw their swords, Ivan Ignatyevich and 5 invalids were taken under escort to Vasilisa Yegorovna. After scribbling as it should, she let them go. In the evening Masha, disturbed by the news of the duel, told Peter about Shvabrin's unsuccessful matchmaking to her. Now Grinev understood his motives for behavior. The duel did take place. Confident fencer Peter, taught at least something worthwhile tutor Bopre, turned out to be a strong opponent for Shvabrin. But Savelich appeared in a duel, Peter hesitated for a second and, as a result, was wounded.
Chapter 5. Love
The wounded Peter was nursed by his servant and Masha. As a result, the duel brought the young people closer together, and they inflamed with mutual love for each other. Wanting to marry Masha, Grinev sends a letter to his parents.
Grinev made peace with Shvabrin. Peter's father, having learned about the duel and not wanting to hear about the marriage, became furious and sent his son an angry letter, where he threatened to transfer from the fortress. Perplexed how his father could find out about the duel, Peter lashed out at Savelich with accusations, but he himself received a letter with the displeasure of the owner. Grinev finds only one answer - Shvabrin informed about the duel. The father's refusal of the blessing does not change Peter's intentions, but Masha does not agree to secretly marry. For a while, they move away from each other, and Grinev understands that unhappy love can deprive him of his reason and lead to debauchery.
Chapter 6. Pugachevshchina
In the Belgorod fortress, anxiety begins. Captain Mironov receives an order from the general to prepare the fortress for an attack by rioters and robbers. Emelyan Pugachev, who called himself Peter III, escaped from custody and terrified the surroundings. According to rumors, he had already captured several fortresses and was approaching Belgorod. It was not necessary to count on victory with 4 officers and army "invalids". Alarmed by rumors about the capture of a nearby fortress and the execution of officers, Captain Mironov decided to send Masha and Vasilisa Egorovna to Orenburg, where the fortress is stronger. The captain’s wife speaks out against departure, and decides not to leave her husband in difficult times. Masha says goodbye to Peter, but she fails to leave the fortress.
Chapter 7. Attack
Ataman Pugachev appears at the walls of the fortress and offers to surrender without a fight. The commandant Mironov, learning about the betrayal of the officer and several Cossacks who joined the rebel clan, does not agree to the proposal. He orders his wife to dress Masha as a commoner and take him to the hut of the priest, and he opens fire on the rebels. The battle ends with the capture of the fortress, which, together with the city, passes into the hands of Pugachev.
Right at the commandant's house, Pugachev inflicts reprisals on those who refused to give him the oath. He orders the execution of Captain Mironov and Lieutenant Ivan Ignatyevich. Grinev decides that he will not swear allegiance to the robber and will accept an honest death. However, Shvabrin approaches Pugachev and whispers something in his ear. Ataman decides not to ask for the oath, ordering all three to be hanged. But the old faithful servant Savelich throws himself at the feet of the chieftain and he agrees to pardon Grinev. Ordinary soldiers and residents of the city take the oath of allegiance to Pugachev. As soon as the oath ended, Pugachev decided to dine, but the Cossacks dragged the naked Vasilisa Yegorovna by the hair out of the commandant's house, where they robbed the property, who was shouting for her husband and cursing the convict. Ataman ordered to kill her.
Chapter 8. An uninvited guest
Grinev’s heart is not in place. He understands that if the soldiers find out that Masha is here and alive, she will not avoid reprisals, especially since Shvabrin took the side of the rebels. He knows that the beloved is hiding in the house of the horse. In the evening, the Cossacks came, sent to take him to Pugachev. Although Peter did not accept the Liar’s offer of all sorts of honors for the oath, the conversation between the rebel and the officer was friendly. Pugachev remembered goodness and now granted Peter freedom in response.
Chapter 9. Parting
The next morning, Pugachev, with the people, called Peter to him and told him to go to Orenburg and report on his advance in a week. Savelich began to bother about the looted property, but the villain said that he would let him in for such impudence on sheepskin coats. Grinev and his servant leave Belogorsk. Pugachev appoints Shvabrin as commandant, and he himself sets out for another feat.
Peter and Savelich walk on foot, but one of Pugachev’s gang caught up with them and said that His Majesty favors them a horse and a sheepskin coat, and a half, but he lost it, they say.
Masha took to her bed and lay in delirium.
Chapter 10. Siege of the city
Arriving in Orenburg, Grinev immediately reported on the deeds of Pugachev in the Belgorod fortress. A council came together, at which everyone except Peter voted for defense, not attack.
A long siege begins - hunger and want. Peter, on his next sortie into the enemy's camp, receives a letter from Masha in which she begs to save her. Shvabrin wants to marry her and holds him captive. Grinev goes to the general with a request to give half a company of soldiers to save the girl, which is refused. Then Peter decides to help out his beloved alone.
Chapter 11. The rebellious settlement
On the way to the fortress, Peter falls into the guard of Pugachev and he is taken for interrogation. Grinev honestly talks about everything to his troublemaker about everything and says that he is free to do anything with him. Pugachev's thugs advisors propose to execute the officer, but he says, "to have mercy, so mercy."
Together with the robber ataman Peter goes to the Belgorod fortress, on the road they are talking. The rebel says that he wants to go to Moscow. Peter in his heart pity him, begging him to surrender at the mercy of the empress. But Pugachev knows that it’s too late, and says, whatever happens.
Chapter 12. Orphan
Mop holds the girl on the water and bread. Pugachev pardons the self-will, but from Shvabrin he learns that Masha is the daughter of an unswerving commandant. At first he is furious, but Peter, with his frankness, and this time gains favor.
Chapter 13. Arrest
Pugachev gives Peter a pass to all the outposts. Happy lovers go to the parental home. They confused the army convoy with the Pugachev traitors and were arrested. In the head of the outpost, Grinev recognized Zurin. He said that he was going home to get married. He dissuades him, assuring him to remain in the service. Peter himself understands that duty calls him. He sends Masha and Savelich to his parents.
The military actions of the detachments that came to the rescue broke the bandit plans. But Pugachev could not be caught. Then there were rumors that he was raging in Siberia. Zurin's squad is sent to suppress another outbreak. Grinev recalls the unfortunate villages plundered by the savages. The troops had to take away what the people were able to save. The news came that Pugachev was caught.
Chapter 14. Judgment
Grinev, on the denunciation of Shvabrin, was arrested as a traitor. He could not justify himself with love, fearing that Masha would also be interrogated. The Empress, taking into account the merits of her father, pardoned him, but sentenced him to exile for life. My father was on fire. Masha decided to go to Petersburg and ask the Empress for her beloved.
By fate's will, Mary meets the Empress in the early autumn morning and tells her everything, not knowing who she is talking to. The same morning, a cabman was sent after her to the house of a society lady, where Masha settled for a while, with the order to deliver Mironov's daughter to the palace.
There Masha saw Catherine II and recognized her as her companion.
Grinev was released from hard labor. Pugachev was executed. Standing on the block in the crowd, he saw Grinev and nodded.
The reunited loving hearts continued the Grinyov family, and in their Simbirsk province, under glass, was kept a letter from Catherine II pardoning Peter and praising Maria for her intelligence and kind heart.
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