How to count biology points. Biology

Professions related to biology, a lot. And if the graduate decided to devote his own life to medicine, psychology, pedagogy, food industry, pharmacology, or agricultural technology, the biology exam at the end of the secondary school is obligatory for him. What will be EGE on biology 2017?

The State Exam on Biology in 2017 will differ from the exams of the previous years. There are not many changes made, but they are significant.

A new, more optimized examination structure is proposed. The number of tasks to 28 is reduced, compared with 40 in 2016. Reduced the maximum number of primary balls in all operations, now it is 59 points, instead of 60 last year. But the amount of time to perform the examination work is increased to 210 minutes, instead of 180.

In the exam, now there will be no questions with the choice of one correct answer. In this regard, the probability of guessing is minimized. After all, it used to be the opportunity to connect intuition, pass the threshold and dial the minimum allowable amount of balls. Now intuition we are not an assistant, you need knowledge. Prepare will be carefully, and start as soon as possible. But there is also good news. The complexity of tasks has not changed, and the time for their execution increased by 30 minutes.

The examination work of the biology of biology 2017 contains 28 tasks, consists of two parts, each of which has its own level of complexity and format.

The first part of the exam

The first part consists of 21 tasks with a brief answer. Moreover, the answers will need to record as words or phrases, numbers or sequences of numbers, without spaces and dividing signs.

The first part includes the tasks of two levels of complexity: 10 - base level and 11- elevated.

Such a format is the first innovation and a weighty reason for the passage of the demoment of the EGE on biology 2017.

The second innovation in the content of the tasks. The graduate will need:

analyze information in graphic or tabular form (1 task)
to complement the missing information in the Scheme and Table (2 tasks)
set a sequence of systematic taxa, biological objects, phenomena, processes (3 tasks)
solve biological problems on cytology and genetics (2 tasks)
perform sets with multiple selection (7 tasks) and set conformity (6 tasks) with or without pattern

So, 21 tasks of a new type have significant differences and allow you to more accurately assess the knowledge of the material passed, and also require serious training.

Second part of the exam (increased complexity)

The second part of the biology of 2017 is focused on graduates having a high level of knowledge on the subject, or rather to identify them. There will be no change here. As in 2016, there will be 7 tasks formed by type of training activities and in accordance with the subjects of the subject. Answers to them graduates are written independently in the detailed form. In terms of complexity, there is also no changes: 1 task of increased and 6 high levels.

In the second part, the graduate should independently explain and justify biological phenomena and processes, to be able to conduct analysis, systematization and integration of knowledge, confirm the theory of practice. And all this competently formulate in the expanded response.

As estimated

The primary maximum number of balls for the State Exam in 2017 has changed, but not essentially.

For the implementation of 10 tasks of the base level of complexity, 17 points are given, for 12 tasks of the elevated level - 24 points, for 6 high-level tasks - 18. in the amount of - 59 points. For the passage of the biology exam will be 36 points.

What you need to know

The exam involves checking the knowledge of the subject in full. And if something is missed, even for a good reason, this fact is not taken into account on the exam. Consequently, the future graduate is desirable to begin preparations for in September to have time to fill all the gaps.

Checking knowledge of biology will be carried out on the following sections:

Biology as science. Methods of scientific knowledge
Cage as a biological system
Organism as a biological system
Biological System and Diversity
Human organism and his health
Evolution of wildlife
Ecosystems and inherent patterns

Take advantage of this list to check yourself and tighten the topics.

What you need to be able to

The ege on biology is also important to show their skills and skills to use the knowledge gained. The graduate must correctly apply terminology, define biological objects not only by description, but also in the figure. With the explanation of biological processes, there will be a significant advantage of those who use not only the Word, A and Tables, Graphics, Schemes. Take challenges, draw conclusions and apply theoretical knowledge in practice, in everyday life.

Each year, FIPI issues an updated demonstration version of the EE on biology. The graduate has the opportunity to calmly understand the instructions, tasks, rules of conducting, the evaluation criteria, practically all stages of the exam. Of course, the demo version is not an exact copy of the exam, but, nevertheless, she gives the student to feel calmer and more confident when everything will happen truly.

In preparation for the EEG on biology, each graduate must be taken into account their personal, individual features. Everyone knows its weak and strengths, memory capabilities, performance. Who has not yet figured out this, can seek help to parents and teachers. It is worth talking to those who have already passed the exam and get additional information from first hand. In a word, to prepare all the ways are good, the main thing is not to leave everything for May, not to hope for "avoshu," and start systematically engaged now.

Biology refers to those subjects that graduate on the exam chooses himself. And if he makes a choice in favor of biology, then this science is like him. Therefore, all alarms and experiences must be left behind the door so that they do not interfere. And with you take collide, confidence, remember everything and get the highest score.

Video news, demo version

EGE on biology 2018 is a choice exam, it is absolutely optional. At the same time, this subject ranks 5th after the obligatory Russian language and mathematics, then there are social studies and physics. 5th place - for biology (it is selected about 18% of graduates).

Where is biology useful?

Biology is handed over in many universities:

medical;
universities of the biological profile;
in pedagogical specialty "teacher of biology";
in agricultural;
veterinarian;
at the physical culture faculty;
psychological;
environmental;
at the Faculty of Garden Design;
at the biological faculty in technical universities, where biology is studied at the junction with physics.

There are a lot of professions related to biology:

an engineer who simulates the problems associated with human life;
the doctor who will take care of diseases possible in the future;
ecologist concerned about the health of the whole country. The task of the environmental is to create conditions in which humanity will drink clean water, breathe clean air;
psychologist;
athlete.

These are the people who make a person's life more fully and meaningful and, moreover, extend this life.

Required documents

The following documents needed to prepare for the history of history are posted on the FII website.

Specification (description of the work, the necessary documents are listed, the structure of the EGE on biology is reflected, a plan for the version of Kima).
The codifier (list of skills and those that are checked on the ege of biology).
The demo version of the biology of biology (one version of the biology of biology), with which it is necessary to begin preparations for the state history exam.

Features of the structure of the ege on biology

Total 28 tasks
1 part 2 part
21 Task with a brief response of 7 tasks with an expanded answer

Time to perform all work - 3 hours 30 minutes (210 minutes).
Maximum primary score - 59.
The minimum test score on the biology of biology is 36 points.

How are key tasks 1 part of work arranged?

Task number 1 first appeared in 2017. Each student, preparing for the exam, reads the text, emphasizes keywords, then finds key words and connections between them. These bonds make it possible to build addiction. Thus, the text is structured, there are connections between concepts. This task presents a certain fragment from biology, where it is required to show these links.

Task number 3 Interesting to the fact that ordinary simple tasks are introduced, where the solution is required, knowing the biology:

calculate the number of chromosomes,
specify the number of cells that are formed under various processes, etc.

Task number 4 requires to pick up two statements that correspond to the description of the object that is presented.
Task number 6 on genetics. These are tasks for monohybrid crossing, where it is required to write a specific number, the ratio of numbers.
Task number 8 to the ratio of examples and phenomena. This is the first example of the task. An alternative example of this task is also proposed, where there is a blind pattern (no signatures), and you need to find positions where there are numbers 1 and 2. and only after that, deciding with the position, select the right answers.
In task number 9, examples should be found from the proposed text that correspond to the concept of "sustainability", "microscopicity" and "pathogenicity".
Task number 15 on knowledge of species properties. In biology, the concept of "appearance" is a key concept around which all biology is built. Dan text. It is necessary to select only the criteria that correspond to the task set in the text.

Task number 20. New (since 2017), the original task that makes it possible on one example to check several very important, key concepts in biology.

Example 1 Checks the understanding of the speciation.

Example 2 implies filling of free graph in the table and finding certain relationships between the structure, object and function.

Task number 21.

Example 1. The formation of natural-scientific literacy and research skills is possible only when a person knows how to work with the information presented in various kinds. In biology, for example, such information is a table where scientist, leading observation, fixes the data, writes them on, conducting some calculation. The applicant must be read that it is noted here, as a biologist reads, which chooses the key from the palication and builds conclusions on this basis. It is necessary to select only 2 statements that strictly meet the specified conditions.
Example 2 requires choosing allegations that can be formulated based on histogram analysis. For example, it is necessary to find kinds, see what they feed on, encrypt this species (as if deficient) and offer the ratio of food addictions of this species. And then it is necessary to evaluate this species on the basis of its food addictions or some other qualities.
Example 3 is a graphical representation. Here it is checked the skill read the schedule and understand the reasons for the movement of the curve up or down.

A few words about part 2

These are the tasks in the open form, where the graduate will have to answer the question and demonstrate the deep knowledge of the subject. Special attention should be paid to the language of the response. An 11th grade student should own a certain conceptual apparatus, biological terms used in responses to tasks.

What will help to effectively help pass the ege on biology?

Of course, the textbooks enjoyed in schools. These can be textbooks of different authors that can be combined.

Clear planning of its preparation for the 2018 EEG training activities.

Deep interest in the student in the study and delivery of the subject to a high score.

It is necessary to be motivated, you need to want to study the object of biology, and then the result will not wait.

The date of the EGE on biology will be known in January 2018.

The results of the EGE on biology in 2018 can be found in their general education organization or on the official website of the EGE.

If the Ministry of Education decides to make any changes in the Kim's CIME on biology, then it is necessary to be everything ready, not to waste time and start prepare now!

Before each graduate who wanted to become a student of one of the universities of the Russian Federation in 2018, it is not an easy task - to successfully pass the exam, as well as choose the right to choose an educational institution and the faculty to submit documents. Most of the 11-tick-graders and their parents are first faced with the results of estimating the final exams and are often hampered to find answers to emerging issues. Therefore, we decided to shed light to important moments.

In 2017-2018, the main rules for passing the exam will not be significantly changed. This means that for graduates everything will also be relevant to a 100-ball evaluation system of final tests.

How does everything happen?

During the examination of the examination work for each correctly performed task, the graduate is counted the so-called "primary points", which, upon completion of the test, are summed up and transferred to the "test score", which is indicated in the Certificate of the EGE.

Important! Since 2009, it has not been officially not used for the transformation scale of primary and test scores to traditional five-point estimates for school, because in 2017 and in 2018 the final exams are not taken into the certificate.

Checking work is performed in two ways:

automatically (with special programs and technical means);
manually (the correctness of the deployed answers check two independent experts).

Challenge the result of automatic verification is quite difficult. If, when filling out the answers table, the basic rules were not met, the computer may not protect the result, and only a graduate itself will be to blame for this, which has not fulfilled a number of mandatory rules.

If controversial moments arise during the expert check, the third specialist is attracted, whose opinion will be decisive.

When to expect results?

According to the law, such a temporary framework apply:

data processing (for mandatory subjects) in the RCC should not last longer than 6 calendar days;
on data processing (options for choosing) RCS give 4 days;
checking at the Federal Testing Center should take no more than 5 business days;
approval of the results of the State Examination Commission - another day;
until 3 days to send the results to the participants of the exam.

In practice, from the moment of passing the exam before receiving the official result, it can pass from 8 to 14 days.

Translation of EGE points to assess

Despite the fact that Officially, in 2018, the scales for the transfer of points on the subjects of the exam in a five-point estimate is not used, many still want to interpret their result in a more familiar "school" system. To do this, you can use special tables or online calculators.

Test Test Point OGE Points in Evaluation



Russian language
Mathematics


Computer science
Social science
Foreign languages

Biology
Geography
Literature

The second method is slightly simpler and more convenient than finding the desired values \u200b\u200bin the huge tables. It is enough just to choose the subject (mathematics, Russian, chemistry, physics, history, English, social studies ... and other items), enter the data and get in a matter of seconds to consider the desired result.

We suggest trying how easy it is to use in practice online calculators of the EGE score and its transfer to a 5-hundred-grades.

Translation of primary points in test

Translation of the scam points in the assessment

Internet systems for applicants

The training 2017-2018 is completed, the exam is delivered, the results are known and even an interactive translation scale of primary points showed that the result of the exam is located in a fairly good range ... But, is it enough for joining the desired university?

Evaluate the real chances of accession, relying on test points and the minimum passing threshold sent by the University.

Important! The minimum passing score forms the university itself. It will be directly dependent on applicants' points that submit documents in 2018. The more popular the specialty - the higher the passage point will be.

Often even 100 ballroom results are sufficiently at the top faculties for budget. The chances of seeing their surname in the lists of applicants received for such directions are only the winners of the Olympiads that give weighty additional points.

In 2018, the most popular services for the selection of the university and monitor the threshold of entrance points for different specialties will be:

Study.ru.
Ads online
Economy Higher School Calculator
PostyPlenie.ru.
Typical applicant

Find these services is very easy. Just enter their name to any search engine.

Municipal budgetary educational institution

"Secondary school № 4 G. Shebekino Belgorod region"

Features of solving and evaluation of tasks 22-28 EGE on biology

Prepared: Arnautova Natalia Zakharovna,

chemistry teacher and biology

MBOU "SOSH №4 SHebekino Belgorod region"

2017 year

Examination plan for biology

Generalization and application of knowledge about man and manifold of organisms

The task C4 (25) includes issues related to the substantial blocks of the "system and diversity of the organic world" and the "human body and his health".

System and variety of organic world

Solving the problems of cytology on the use of knowledge in the new situation

The task C6 (26) includes cytology tasks associated with the processes of the implementation of hereditary information and cell division. These tasks are good to the fact that questions are specific and accurate. On the other hand, they are quite complex and require a deep understanding of those processes that are in question. An important point when solving tasks C5 is an explanation of the actions performed, especially if the task is written: "Reply explain." The presence of explanation allows the verifier to conclude about the understanding of students of this topic, and their absence can lead to a loss of a very important point.

The task C6 (26) is estimated at three points, which are accrued in the case of a completely correct solution. Therefore, proceeding to the task, first of all it is necessary to allocate all questions. The number of answers must be compliant, otherwise you can also lose your score.

When solving a number of tasks of this section, you must use the genetic code table. The use of the table is usually indicated in the task, but it is better to learn this in advance. To determine the amino acid encoded by one or another triplet, you must perform the following steps. The first nucleotide of the triplet we find in the left vertical row, the second - in the upper horizontal, third - in the right vertical row. The desired amino acid is at the intersection point of imaginary lines, running from nucleotides.

Tasks for quantitative relations in the implementation of hereditary information

be sure to indicate explanations following:

each amino acid is delivered to the ribosomes of one TRNA, therefore, the amount of amino acids in protein is equal to the number of TRNA molecules participating in protein synthesis;
each amino acid is encoded by three nucleotides (one triplet, or codon), therefore the number of encoder nucleotides is always three times larger, and the number of triplets (codons) is equal to the amount of amino acids in protein;

each TRNA has an antiquodon, the complementary Code of IRNK, therefore the amount of anti-cycodones, and therefore, in general, TRNA molecules are equal to the number of Codons of IRNK;

the IRNK is complementary by one of the DNA chains, therefore the number of INNA nucleotides is equal to the number of DNA nucleotides. The number of triplets, of course, will also be the same.

Task 1. . 75 TRNA molecules participated in the broadcast. Determine the number of amino acids included in the synthesized protein, as well as the number of triplets and nucleotides in the gene, which encodes this protein.

Decision .

One TRNA molecule delivers one amino acid to ribosome. In the broadcast, 75 TRNA molecules participated, therefore, 75 amino acids are included in the synthesized protein.

Each amino acid is encoded by one DNA triplet, so the DNA section encoding this protein contains 75 triplets.

Each triplet is three nucleotides, therefore, the specified DNA section contains 75 x 3 \u003d 225 nucleotides.

Answer:75 amino acids, 75 DNA triplets, 225 DNA nucleotides.

Tasks for the construction of the Molecule of IRNK, Anti-Kodonov TRNA and the definition of the sequence of amino acids in protein

When solving the tasks of this type, you must rememberbefore point in explanation following:

iNKN nucleotides are complementary DNA nucleotides;

instead of Timine in all types of RNA, Uracil is written;

ink nucleotides are written in a row, without commas, since there is one molecule;

tRNA anticodones are written through the comma, since each antiquodon belongs to a separate TRNA molecule;

amino acids we find on the table of the genetic code;

if there is a genetic code table for IRNA, it means thatwe use codons of IRNK. :

amino acids in protein are written through a hyphen, since it is meant that they have already connected and formed the primary protein structure.

Task 2. The DNA chain fragment has a sequence of the ACGTTHTSTSATSA. Determine the sequence of INKN nucleotides, TRNA anti-cycodones and the sequence of amino acids in the synthesized protein.

Decision.

Task 3.

Which chromosomal set is characteristic of nucleus and endosperm seed cells, flowering leaves. Explain the result in each case.
Answer:

1) In the cells of the seed embryo, the diploid set of chromosomes - 2N, since the germ develops from the zygote - a fertilized egg;
2) in the endosperm cells of the seed tripotoid set of chromosomes - 3N, as it is formed when the two central cell nuclei is formed (2N) and one sperm (N);
3) Cells of the flowering plant leaves have a diploid set of chromosomes - 2n, as an adult plant develops from the embryo.

The answer includes all elements named above, does not contain biological errors

The answer includes 2 of the above-mentioned elements and does not contain biological errors, or the answer includes 3 above the element above, but contains non-unbound biological errors

The answer includes 1 of the elements named above and does not contain biological errors, or the answer includes 2 of the elements mentioned above, but contains non-burgological bugs

Wrong answer

Maximum number of points

Task №27 (C7)

Solving problems in genetics to apply knowledge in the new situation

The condition of genetic tasks is often voluminous, therefore, first of all, it is necessary:

allocate the signs that are discussed and entering the appropriate designations;

install the type of crossing: mono-librid or digibrid;

install the character of inheritance: complete or incomplete dominance, autosomal or adhesive with floor, independent (in the case of digibrid crossing) or adhesive;

to identify all the "characters", i.e. all individuals indicated in the condition (with a large number of such individuals, it is possible to make a genealogical scheme for convenience);

install the genotypes of "characters" and, if necessary, specify them in the appropriate scheme;

allocate all the questions set in the condition.

After that, you can proceed to the direct solution of the problem. To avoid unnecessary losses (meaning points), it is better to accompany all your actions to comments, especially if the task is written "Decision Explain".

A task. In the family where parents have normal color vision, son - Daltonik.

Normal color visual genes (D) and daltonism (D) are located in the X chromosome.

Identify the genotypes of parents, a dalton's son, the floor and the likelihood of the birth of children's carriers of Daltonism. Make a problem solving scheme.

Explanation

1) Parent genotypes: Mother

, Father H.

2) Son's genotype - Daltonic - x d. Y;

3) the probability of birth of the carriers of the Daltonism gene (x D.H. d.) – 25%.

The answer includes all elements named above, does not contain biological errors.

The answer includes 1 of the elements named above and does not contain biological errors, or the answer includes 3 elements named above, but contains non-borne biological errors.

The answer includes 1 of the above elements above and does not contain biological errors, or the answer includes 2 of the elements named above, but contains non-bubbic bugs.

Wrong answer

Maximum score

Bibliography

1. FIIP Draft Materials of the EGE 2018.

2. Develsia, specification, Codificates of 2018. Site FIPI.

3. Answer about planned changes in Kim 2018. Site FIPI.

4. SYTE "RTUM EGE": Biology, expert.

Future pharmacists, doctors and agronomas are preparing for the EEG-2017 on biology. The subject is quite popular, as it is necessary for admission to many humanitarian universities. Therefore, the closer March 2017 is approaching, the more becoming an excitement around the state testing on biology. In the review we will analyze the basic structure of kimov, famous for today innovation and training materials that will help prepare for the state examination. All this will help the guys adequately meet the realities of the biology exam.

the date of the

The starting round traditionally starts in March, and the main will have to be June.

Starting stage - March 22.
The main period is June 15.
Reserve windows - April 5, 21 and 30th.

Basic changes to the ege of biology 2017

If for the most part there are no innovations in other subjects and is not planned, then biology has undergone quite serious changes. Here are their list:

the exam duration - 210 minutes instead of the previous 180;
reduced the number of questions from 40 to 28;
practically disappeared tasks with one answer;
reduced maximum primary score - now it is equal to 59, not 61;
a new kind of questions appeared, requiring work with illustrations, diagrams and charts.

What does the new biology structure look like?

To understand the structure of the test material, we turn to the demoralization of the EE Biology 2017.

The first kim block includes 21 tasks, each of which requires a brief response in the form of several numbers or one or more words. Questions are pretty simple. To cope with them, you need to know the basics of biology. For example, Task number 3 will require call the number of sperm fish, and two columns in question number 5 - establish a correspondence between the processes and stages of the energy exchange. Interestingly, questions 3, 4, 9, 12, 20, 21 have two options. Therefore, the subject can choose the version of the task that will seem the easiest. For those who seek to get the maximum scores on the ege on biology, FIPI has prepared a complex block of tasks consisting of 7 issues. They will require not only a response, but also unfolding explanations to them. In other words, the examiner should present the progress of his thoughts on paper and bring detailed arguments in favor of its decision. Certain with such issues will be only the most prepared high school students and applicants.

Criteria for estimating the ege on biology 2017

There are no accurate criteria yet. It is only known that the maximum primary score cannot be higher than 59, and the number of minimal points that the subject must type for successful test work, equals 36.

Points are earned by a successful test task solution. Here is what the maximum "remuneration" looks like questions:

1 point: 1, 3, 6;
2 points: 2, 4, 5, 7 - 22;
3 points: 23 - 28.

For errors or incomplete answers in questions 2, 4, 5, 7 - 28 points may decrease.

Afterword

This is how a brief excursion looks like a single biology exam. The number of tasks has decreased significantly, testing has become much more interesting, and time to work for half an hour. The possession of this information will help future high school graduates and applicants adequately prepare for a single state examination!