Ferdinand III, the Emperor of the Sacred Roman Empire - all monarchies of the world. War Career Ferdinand III
Ferdinand III Saint
King of Castile (Spain) in 1217-1252. Leon's king at 1230-1252. The son of Alfons IX and Bernalgal Castilskaya. Zh.: 1) From 1219, Beatrice, the daughter of the German king Philip Schwabsky (died 1234); 2) from 1237 Jeanne D "Omal and Ponty (died 1278). Rod. 1200 died on May 31, 1252.
Ferdinand's parents soon after his birth should have been divorced, since because of the close role of Pope announced their marriage invalid. After the death of En Rica, Berengala was elected the queen of Castile, but she lost to his son's crown. It seemed that Alphonse IX was to defend the rights of Ferdinand, who was in the same degree of his son, as the son of Infanta Castilskaya. But, wishing to personally master the throne, Alfons led against Ferdinand war. Ferdinand, who supported most cities and part of the nobility, reflected his father's attack and made him conclude peace with him. He then led the war against the house of Lara and other noble senors who did not want to recognize his power, broke all the opponents, and Count Lara forced to escape to the country of Moors.
The new king was a man highly educated and energetic, possessed political tact and zeal in faith affairs. Hinged in power, he gave an extremely powerful impetus to the reconquil and during many years of war mastered almost all Muslim territories in the south of the peninsula. In 1225, he took his first trip to Andalusia, won Andujar and other villages near Cordoba. In 1230, his father died, Leon king, who did not leave male offspring. He bequeathed the Leon Kingdom to his two daughters. However, Cortes was awarded the crown Ferdinand. At the same time, the law was adopted, he decided to continue Castile and Leon to constitute an inseparable integer for eternal times. By connecting both kingdoms in his hands, Ferdinand resumed hiking in Andalusia. In 1233, the brave commander of Castillas Alvaro Perez de Castro broke a large army of Maurus at Jerez on Guadiana. In 1237, Cordoba was taken, an important fortress and the old capital of the Caliphate. The king traveled from there all Muslims, and drew a huge mosque to the Christian church. In 241, Mauritan Emir Murcia Riedelled himself with the King Castilsko-about King and let the Christian garrison in his city. In 1246, Ferdinand Zaezed Khan. The ruler, Emir came to the camp of the king, fell to his knees and gave way to the winner his capital with all his cities. The generous Ferdinand raised Emir from his knees, took only Khan, and the rest of the cities left Maur as vassal possession. All these victories were prepared the main conquest of Ferdinand. From North Andalusia, he went on a campaign against Seville, besieged her from the sea, sushi and from the river. During this siege, a maritime squadron was collected for the first time and the foundation of the Castilian fleet was found. In 1248, Seville capitulated. Most of its inhabitants moved to the Mountains of Sierra Nevada to Granada, which remained the only independent ownership of Muslims on the Pyrenean Peninsula. IN last years Ferdinand mastered his life with the coastal cities of Andalusia: Medina-Sidtonia, Arkos, Sanlukara and others.
Monarchs. 2012.
See also interpretations, synonyms, the meanings of the word and what is Ferdinand III holy in Russian in the dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- Ferdinand III Saint
King of Castile (Spain) in 1217-1252. Leon's king at 1230-1252. The son of Alfons IX and Bernalgal Castilskaya. ...: 1) ... - Ferdinand III Saint
(1217-1252) - was recognized as King Castle Cortes in Valladolid after his Berenguela's mother refused his favor from ... - Ferdinand III Saint in the encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron:
(1217? 1252)? He was recognized as King Castily Cortes in Valladolid after his Berenguela's mother refused his favor from ... - FERDINAND in the dictionary of Russian railway slang:
foodroom ... - SAINT
Open Orthodox Encyclopedia "Tree". See Holiness Tree - Open Orthodox Encyclopedia: http://drevo.pravbeseda.ru About the project | Chronology | Calendar | ... - III in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox Encyclopedia "Tree". Century chronology: II - III - IV 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 ... - FERDINAND in the Handbook of Characters and Cult Objects of Greek Mythology:
From the genus of the Habsburgs. King Hungary by 1830-1848 Emperor Austria and the King of the Czech Republic in 1835-1848. Son of Emperor Franz and ... - FERDINAND in the biographies of monarchs:
From the genus of the Habsburgs. King Hungary by 1830-1848 Emperor Austria and the King of the Czech Republic in 1835-1848. Son of Emperor Franz and ... - FERDINAND in the literary encyclopedia:
walter von Walter (Him. Ferdinand Von Walter) - Hero of the Meshchang Tragedy F.Siller "Deceit and Love" (1782-1784), Son of President Valter, First ... - FERDINAND in the big encyclopedic dictionary:
VII (Fernando) (1784-1833) King of Spain in 1808 and 1814-33, from the Bourbon dynasty. In 1808-14 in captivity in France. Cleanism inspirer ... - FERDINAND in the Big Soviet Encyclopedia, BSE:
(Ferdinand). In the "Sacred Roman Empire" and Austrian. Monarchy: F. I (10.3.1503, Alcala de Enares, Spain, V 25.7.1564, Vienna), Emperor with 1556, Austrian. ... - SAINT in Encyclopedic dictionary Brockhaus and Euphron:
saints - in monuments of initial Christian antiquity, up to half of the IV century. And even to v in., like the eastern, so ... - FERDINAND in the modern encyclopedic dictionary:
- FERDINAND in the encyclopedic dictionaries:
II (Ferdinand) Aragon (1452 - 1516), King Aragon and Sicily in 1479 - 1516, King of Castile in 1479 - 1504, ... - SAINT in the encyclopedic dictionary:
, - - -Be; holy, holy, holy. 1. In religious performances: Holding Divine grace. S. Stameth. C. Source. Holy water (consecrated). ... - FERDINAND
Ferdinand I Coburg (1861-1948), from 1887 Prince, in 1908-18 King Bulgaria, from him. Prince. kind The founder of the cobburg dynasty. Strengthened GERM. ... - FERDINAND in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Ferdinand II Aragon (1452-1516), King Aragon from 1479, Sicily (Ferdinand II) from 1468, Castile (Ferdinand V) in 1479-1504 (joint - FERDINAND in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Ferdinand VII (Fernando) (1784-1833), King of Spain in 1808 and 1814-33, from the Bourbon dynasty. In 1808-14 in captivity in France. Inspirer ... - FERDINAND in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Ferdinand III (1608-57), Emperor "Sacred Rome. Empire" from 1637, Austra. ERCGERSOG, from the Dynasty of the Habsburgs. With it ended with a thirty-year war ... - FERDINAND in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Ferdinand II (1578-1637), Emperor "Sacred Rome. Empire" from 1619, Austra. ERCGERSOG, from the Dynasty of the Habsburgs. Conducted a policy of counter-process. He headed Habsburg-Catholic. ... - FERDINAND in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Ferdinand I (Ferdinand) (1503-64), Emperor "Sacred Rome. Empire" from 1556, AUTR. ERCGERSOG; The first king in the Czech Republic and Hungary from the dynasty ... - FERDINAND in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
"Ferdinand", it. Assault gun (self-propelled-art. Installation) used in the 2nd world. War since 1943. 88-mm gun, armor to 200 mm, mass ... - SAINT in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
"Saint Fock", motor-sailing schooner exp. G.Ya. Sedova to North. Pole (1912-14). She spent 2 wintering in R-N. N. Earth and Earth ... - SAINT in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Holy nose, several. Capes on the coast of North. Ice OK.- South. Sea of \u200b\u200bthe sea Laptev, on Kola P-Oves and the Timan shore ... - SAINT in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Holy Cross, see Budennovsk ... - SAINT in the big Russian encyclopedic dictionary:
Saint Helena Island (Saint Helena Island), Vulcanic. Oh in south. Parts of Atlantic. OK. Possession of Great Britain. 122 km 2. Us. ... - SAINT in the Color dictionary:
the term denoting 1) of a person is extremely virtuous and pious; 2) Soul like a personstaying after his death in heaven; Face, canonized ... - SAINT
holy "th, holy" e, holy "go, holy" x, holy "mu, holy" m, holy "go, holy" x, holy "m, saints" mi, holy "m, ... - SAINT in the full accentuated paradigm on the link:
holy "th, holy" I, Holy "e, holy" e, holy "go, holy" th, holy "go, holy" x, holy "mu, holy", holy "mu, saints" m, holy " y, holy "yu, holy" e, holy "e, holy" go, holy "y, holy" e, holy "x, ... - SAINT in the popular intelligent encyclopedic dictionary of the Russian language:
- "Aya, -" OE, "-" Saint, SV "Yat, SV" Yaty 1) Relig. Being a subject of religious reverence and worship, endowed with Divine grace and strength. Saints ... - SAINT in the dictionary for solving and drafting scanvords:
Nikolai ... - SAINT in the thesaurus of Russian business vocabulary:
- SAINT in the thesaurus of the Russian language:
SYN: See Impeccable, see flawless, see ... - SAINT in the Synonyms Dictionary Abramova:
see Divine, ... - SAINT in the dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language:
grass, White, Pious, Blessed, Bodhisatatva, Divine, Most Surface, Vali, Great Martyr, Majestic, Elevated, High, Perfect, True, Martyr, Device, Non-Sharp, Immainless, Indebrate, Industible, ... - SAINT in the new intelligent-word-formative dictionary of the Russian language Efremova:
1. m. The one who spent the life in serving God and after death recognized by the Christian Church by the patron of believers. 2. Admission one) … - SAINT in the dictionary of the Russian language of Lopatina:
holy` kr. f. holy, holy saint, sv'yato; in combination with the subsequent normal name Writing from the lowercase letters, eg: Saint`y Vlad`imir, holy ... - SAINT in the spelling dictionary:
holy` kr. f. holy, holy saint, sv'yato; In combination with the subsequent own name, it is written from the lowercase letters, for example: Saint`y Vlad`Imir, holy ... - SAINT in the dictionary of the Russian language Ozhegov:
In Christianity and some other religions: a person who dedicated his life to CCERV and and religion, and after death recognized as a sample of righteous ... - Saint in the Dalya dictionary:
spiritually and morally immaculate, pure, perfect; Everything belongs to the Divine to the Truths of Faith, the subject of the highest worship, the worship of our, spiritual, ... - "FERDINAND" in modern explanatory dictionary, BSE:
the assault gun (self-propelled-artillery installation) used in the 2nd World War from 1943. 88 mm gun, armor to 200 mm, weight 68 tons, ... - SAINT in the explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Ushakov:
(holy church., Standard.), Holy, Holy; holy, holy, holy. 1. In religious performances - possessing absolute perfection and purity, divine (relig.). ... - SAINT in the explanatory dictionary of Ephremova:
saint 1. M. The one who spent the life in serving God and after death recognized by the Christian Church by the patron of believers. 2. Admission ... - SAINT in the new Russian English language dictionary:
- SAINT in a large modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language:
I m. The one who spent the lives in serving God and after death recognized by the Christian Church by the patron of believers. II adj. one. … - Ferdinand VII in the Handbook of Characters and Cult Objects of Greek Mythology:
King of Spain from the genus Bourbon, Rules in 1808, 1814-1833. Son of Charles IV and Louise Parm. Zh.: I) from 1802 ...
in the life of the son of the Hungarian (in 1625) Czech (in 1627) crowns, but the crowns began to allow him only to the end of his life to real affairs.
Ferdinand III inherited the imperial throne in 1637, in the most height of the thirty-year war. The new emperor did not have a great state mind, was quite indifferent to the management of the Office and was not fond of their father's wide political intent. Much more interested music: several spiritual anthems, composed by Ferdinand, reached this day.
The emperor was a sincere Catholic, but absolutely did not have that fanaticism, which was distinguished by the distributors of Catholic teachings. Ferdinand did not like Jesuitov, he sincerely regretted his subjects who had terrible deprivation during the war and, maybe he was ready to provide religious freedom to Protestants, but it was difficult for him to change the father's management system and freed from the serious influence of his ministers.
Since the entry of Ferdinand for the throne of war, the turnover is unfavorable for the Catholic Party. In February 1638, Protestants broke imperial army at Rainfeld. The French army occupied Alsace, and the next year - artoi. Swedes who controlled North Germany, in 1642 invaded Silesia. In 1643, the emperor was forced to start negotiations, but they were sluggish, and his army in the meantime suffered one defeat after another. In 1648, the Swedes were sieged to Prague, and only the conclusion of the Westphalian world saved the city from taking.
The conditions of the world were very hard for the empire. France received Alsace Austria (except Strasbourg), Zundgaau and important fortresses: Brees and Filippsumburg. Stethen, the island of Rügen, Wismar, Bishoptia Bremen and Verden. Their Protestant allies also received the increment of their territories. The independence of the Netherlands and the Swiss Union was recognized. It was decided that Protestants would keep all the land acquired until 1624. The emperor's hated recovery edict no longer remembered. The imperial power in Germany finally lost all importance: the Westphalian world legalized the independence of the princes, giving them the right to wage and enter into unions both among themselves and with foreign sovereigns.
The last years of the life of Ferdinand III dedicated to Germany from the former soldiers who united in the robbery gangs. He died on April 2, 1657 in Vienna.
Ferdinand III (Italian. Ferdinando III D "Asburgo-Lorena; May 6, 1769, Florence - June 18, 1824, Florence) - Great Duke Tuscany in 1790-1801 and 1814-1824, Kurfürst and Great Duke of Salzburg in 1803-1806, Great Duke Würzburg in 1806-1814.
Ferdinand was the second son of the Emperor of the Sacred Roman Empire Leopold II and Maria Louise, Spanish infants. He inherited from the father Great Duchy Tuscan in 1790. As a lover of art, he added a few new acquisitions to the meeting of his ancestors, including Rafaelev "Madonna Del Granduk."
For the efforts of the British, he opposed France, for this his lands in 1796 were occupied by the Army of Napoleon Bonaparte, and in 1799 finally conquered. He ruled to Tuscany until 1801, when Napoleon turned his duchy to the kingdom of Etruria and gave his sister Elise. In compensation, Ferdinand received Salzburg Kurfühurch.
In the Presburg World of 1805, Ferdinand was forced to give Salzburg, but received the great Duchy of Würzburg created for him. He remained the ruler in him until the fall of Napoleon in 1814, after which he returned to Tuscany again.
He died in Florence in 1824, he was inherited by his son Leopold.
A family
From 1790 he was married to Louise Maria Bourbon-Sicilian (1773-1802), Ferdinand I and Mary Carolina Austrian daughter. Children:
- Carolina Ferdinand Teresa (1793-1802)
- Francis Leopold (1794-1800)
- Leopold II (1797-1870), Great Duke Tuscan
- Maria Louise Josepha (1799-1857)
- Maria Teresa (1801-1855), the wife of King Sardinia Charles Albert.
In 1821, Ferdinand married the second time at Maria Ferdinand Saxon (1796-1865), they did not have children.
The formation of a single kingdom after the complete association of Leon and Castlee brought Ferdinand III many victories. During his reign, most of the land of Andalusia, who were under the rule of Muslims were released and is attached to the Christian kingdoms. The period of his reign, which lasted 27 years, was marked by a series of victories that had great importance for the future development of the country. Thanks to the king, a number of important cities were returned, including Seville, Cordon, Cadiz and convince. In the memory of the descendants, the victory will remain in the battle under the sherry, where he personally headed the troops and where the losses of the Spaniards amounted to only 12 people.King Ferdinand III was extremely religious. Due to its generous donations, 5 dioceses were reconstructed. He supported the construction of the Cathedral of Seville, belonging to the number of the largest Catholic cathedrals modern Mira (As for the cube, it is the largest in Europe). Reconstruction of the Cathedral in Burgos is also his merit. Despite his religiousness, he was endowed with prudence and tolerance towards Jewish and Muslim communities in liberated cities. It is noteworthy that by order Fernando was built by University in Salamanca.
The remains of the king rest in the Cathedral of Seville. He was buried in the clothing of Franciscan, which he preferred royal tie. The memory of Ferdinand III and his military victories continues to live and after his death. In 1671, the Catholic Church canonized the King-Warrior. It is believed that he patronizes not only by local rulers, but also to all prisoners and disadvantaged.
Lately at the life of the Father, in 1625, he was crown by the King of Hungary, and in 1627 and the king of Bohemia, nevertheless the emperor did not allow him to actively interfere in affairs. Only in the last years of the life of the father, especially after the death of Wallenstein, Ferdinand III performs on the field of political activities.
In 1634, during the thirty-year war, he had a decisive defeat with Nerudlingen (September 6 and 7 and September 7), after which his troops ruined Württemberg and other lands that were in hand.
Ferdinand in 1637 took the imperial throne on the death of his father, completely unhindered, partly due to the popularity that he had gained a non-Stalingen victory. He was less obeyed by Jesuitis, rather than his father, but nevertheless, despite the desire to graduate from an endless and ruinage war, he did not even agree on the most modest concessions to Protestants.
In 1647, Ferdinand almost came privileged to the Swedish leader of the rider guards Helmgold Wrangel, he was able to save him with great difficulty.
In 1648, Ferdinand finally agreed to the conclusion of the Westphalian world, who gave the well-known rights to Protestants (Reformats and Lutherans). Ferdinanda managed to release their possessions from the wanderings there and Syam Military and Robbing Shakes in 1654. His reign in the inner history of the empire passed without a trace. He was a gifted musician and composer.
A family
In 1631 he married Maria Anne Spanish, the youngest daughter of King Philip III. Children:
- Ferdinand IV (1633-1654),
- Marianna (1634-1696), the wife of the Spanish King Philip IV. Their son, Karl II, is the last of Habsburg in the Spanish throne.,
- Philip Augustus (1637-1639), ERCGERSOG AUSTRIA,
- Maximilian Thomas (1638-1639), Ersgertz Austria,
- Leopold I (1640-1705), the Emperor of the Sacred Roman Empire,
- Maria (1646)
In 1648, Ferdinand married the second time at Maria Leopoldine, the Ertzgerogina Austrian, Daughter Leopold V. had one son:
- Karl Josef (1649-1664), 47th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.
In 1651, he married Eleunor Gonzaga, Karl II Gonzaga daughter. Children:
- Teresia Maria Joseph (1652-1653).
- Eleanor Maria Joseph (1653-1697), the spouse of the King of Poland Mikhail Camibut Vishnevetsky, then Charles V, Duke Lorraine,
- Maria Anna Joseph (1654-1689), the spouse of Johann Wilhelm, the Kurfürst of the Palatza.
- Ferdinand Joseph (1657-1658).
