What is respect and compassion. The value and development of the quality of compassion in humans

With the causticity - this word is familiar to many not at all, but what is the compassion in reality, and also understand it in various cultures, we have to find out in this article.

What is compassion. The meaning of the word "compassion"

The meaning of the word "compassion" is often understood somewhat unidirectionally, namely, they consider compassion by synonymous with the words "sympathy", which, in general, is true, but only to the extent, if under compassion, we understand the typical, generally accepted concept of sympathy for another, to Middle, and as a result - co-experiences of his problems and misadventures.

In this case, we are talking exclusively about compassion / empathy at the level of emotions. "How else?" - The reader will ask, brought up in the Western European cultural tradition, to which Russian culture also includes. Also do not forget that the Western European tradition is primarily a support for Christian values. I miss this out of sight, we would allow a big mistake, because no matter how many people would have emphasized his disbelief in higher strength and did not subscribe to the atheist, however, the tradition was influenced by his education, which, one way or another, are Christian morals Values: kindness, decency, tolerance, sympathy, selflessness, etc.

It is possible to continue to deny the fact of influence on the formation of a person of these factors, but it is impossible to deny the obvious things that we live in the space of a single information field, and at the moment it is much more understandable than before (with all the abundance of media platforms, social networks, instant opportunity Information transmission, etc.). Thus, the individual is always influenced by another medium, other consciousness. It is interesting to note that whatever the conditions of our formation and differences on social status were, most of us are under the influence of a single information space, and, as we know, the countdown of our summer leads from the Nativity of Christ, which says a lot.

Among our readers, perhaps there are fans of Slavicanes. They turned to the more ancient heritage of Russia, and that's right. But such turns in the mind take place by no means at the age of 10, when the psyche is bending and can succumb to the influence of the outside, thus, changing the value system has not yet had time. Therefore, even people, these converts in adulthood, think in the paradigm in which they were brought up in Christian.

For most of us, compassion is sympathy or pity caused by the suffering of another person. It is also an integral part of empathy. A person with a soul will compare, empathize with the unfortunate of the other. It is natural and normal. But again, once again we emphasize that, determining the compassion in this way, we did not reach the level of emotional sphere for a minute. However, a person is not only emotions, although in our culture is very common opposition of intelligence and feelings. In fact, one does not exist without the other, and in psychological science this question is akin to the eternal dispute about what appeared before: chicken or eggs. So in psychology: what primary is emotion or intelligence. An objective response to this question, psychology does not give, because those who study this science are divided into a kind of "party", each of which protects one way or another, leads arguments to protect their position. But so finally and is not dispelled by the mystery, because there is probably no secret and the question of this, and intelligence and emotions belong to each other as the two sides of the same medal, and try to separate them to a certain degree incorrectly. However, science loves to draw a preparation, from here and similar searches of "truth" there, the choice cannot be made and not necessary. Let's turn to other sources, less scientific on the one hand, but having much more extensive experience in matters related to the study of various human states and in detail the consciousness of living beings, namely, we turn to such a philosophical and religious teaching as Buddhism.

Compassion is the highest form of human existence

What does Buddhism speak on this topic?

In Buddhism, the topic of compassion is considered very comprehensively, and it is likely that the reader will be interested to know that compassion at the level of feelings is just the first level of compassion on the scale adopted in modern Buddhism.

The second level of compassion, according to Buddhism, is associated with phenomena. To explain this interpretation of compassion will be appropriate to submit to the reader the fundamental concept of Buddhism: "Dukkha" (suffering). All the problems of human life, one way or another, are explained by the presence in the life of suffering, while under the suffering should again be understood not only by the physical or psychological, but in general the imperfection of the existing, its conditionality. Only overcoming through the awareness of this conflict can be eliminated from Dukkha.

The doctrine of Dukkha underlies the philosophy of the Buddha. It is called the teaching about. Thus, the second level of compassion is directly related to the concept of Dukkha, which can also be attributed to how we perceive the world, namely, through the prism of our ideas: we cannot see the true essence of things, and therefore, the world in which we live can not be real. It is only the projection of our ideas and installations, therefore is called an illusion. We, in fact, we build this world yourself, create an illusion and live in it. The awareness of all this leads to the realization of Dukkha.

However, there is also a third level of compassion, going beyond not only individual-human, as well as the fields of phenomena, and leading us to the so-called unemployment, or not to directional compassion. It sounds paradoxically, but it takes place. About the third, and most important, compassion is almost impossible to tell in words, because the words will unwittingly send us to the area of \u200b\u200bintellectual-emotional, we should go beyond this sphere, namely, go to the transcendental area, i.e., where The concepts of good and evil do not exist, to the area where duality ends and, therefore, the attraction of Sansary ceases, and we closely approach Nirvana (Nibban) - psychological freedom and mocks.

And now let's see how compassion and his connection with wisdom are discussed in different directions of Buddhism. Also, as in Christianity, there are no unity of views in Buddhism, so the unified direction of Buddhism is currently represented by many branches, three of which are most famous and directly related to the teachings on compassion and wisdom, and therefore the explanation of the most This state. This is a Buddhism of Theravada or Krynyna ("Small Chariot"), Buddhism, Mahayana ("Big Chariot") and Buddhism Vajrayana, more common in the field of Tibet and otherwise referred to as "Diamond Way Buddhism". Three Buddhist methods - we will call them like that, because in general they are different from each other exactly, the goal of them is one - the liberation of a person from Sansary and the achievement of Moksha (freedom).

Feeling compassion in Tharavada, Mahayan and Vajrayan

We will start with Theravada. Tharavada or Khainna, as the most ancient direction of Buddhism as a religion, considers compassion as a matter of compassion along with wisdom. However, for Buddhists, the refinement of the scenario is not a separate way, it is up to a certain extent in the concept of wisdom. Again, you must say that wisdom should not be understood as an applied knowledge or in general knowledge from the point of view of ordinary life.

We are talking about wisdom as comprehending the truth standing on the reality of human life in its physical manifestation. We come to the question of working with consciousness and its switching to another level, where consciousness ceases to identify themselves not only with the physical aspect of existence, including intelligence and emotions, but also is completely different with the self or by the fact that they used to call the ego, "I".

Thus, the compassion does not protrude with an independent line or in the direction of Theravada, but rather, immanently the concept of wisdom, which is represented as the highest goal on the way to Nirvana.

Mahayana with her less rigoristic approach, which to some extent could be characterized as more accessible to the practice of adepts, on the contrary, completely clearly declares that the compassion along with wisdom is the main ways in the practice of Buddhism. The path of compassion does not apply to wisdom, he is understood as a separate path, and it is equal to wisdom.

Why does Mahayana give so important compassion? Because, according to this tradition, Buddha is not the only one who achieved enlightenment. Before him, there were many arhats who managed to know the truth, wisdom, but the Buddha has something that arghats did not have: compassion. In the same way, and those who have reached the enlightenment (Bodhichitta) who have achieved, but who wished to stay and not go to Nirvana, in order to help the remaining, renowned individuals get rid of Dukkhi (suffering) and also to achieve liberation - such people called Boddhisattva First of all, the very third type of compassion is practiced, the protosarlike, standing over duality and allowing the co-suffer to those who created good and those who have done evil.

For Boddhisattva, this is one. There is no big difference between positive and negative. The difference exists from the point of view of an ordinary person, because he was used to be guided by two categories, he was used to living in the world of duality, which primarily talks about the imperfection of the person's assessment system, his vision (it is in a greater the illusion), and in any way Extent can be the measure of the truth of the state of things and the world order.

In this case, this expression applied for the first time expressed by St. Augustine: "Thud of love to others, and learn from love for truth." Do not be surprised that such a concept is completely applicable to Buddhism. Just she applies primarily to Buddhism, because Buddhism does not share. He teaches to see things "those they are", their unity and interconnectedness, interdependence, because there is no things in all over the world of things independent of another. From here we see the connection with such a concept as shunyata (emptiness), but not a physical emptiness, and emptiness in understanding the liberation from something. Buddha taught Dharma from compassion in the highest sense of the word (of course, not from pity for humanity, which, of course, could be, but then the role of the teacher would not be Buddha).

In the tradition of Vajrayans, there is great importance to internally inherent in factors, as it is believed that wisdom and compassion are the innate qualities of a person connecting it with the "Buddha nature". The nature of Buddha is Clea, as well as the nature of a person, because a person by definition and there is a Buddha in the future, a potential Buddha. The Vajrayana's direction believes that a person initially has unconditional positive characteristics, such as unlimited compassion and wisdom, so do not even need to be engaged in their cultivation, because they already exist in its pure form. The meaning is to clean them from layers, allow them to manifest themselves, to realize them. With awareness and associated with the concept of compassion, because the compassion itself is originally and inherent inherent sign of awareness and awakening. As soon as the mind is released from the concepts of "I", compassion is manifested.

So, we looked at the three schools of Buddhism, and each in something is particularly suitable for the interpretation of compassion. One remains unchanged that compassion is understood not from the point of view of the sphere of feelings. Secondly, the compassion of the 3rd level, where we went beyond the dual interpretation of the factual, always goes along with the wisdom and the achievement of Nirvana (psychological freedom). The compassion of the highest, unconditional level is to some extent the characteristics of the enlightenment and transition to Nirvana.

Instead of imprisonment

In this article, we briefly lit the topic of compassion as they understand it in Buddhism. In order for readers to understand the topic in the whole full, we recommend in the future to familiarize yourself with other materials on Buddhism, as this will allow you to study the context in which the topic of compassion considered by us.

The article uses information from a book, a well-known researcher Buddhism and Vedas.

Compassion

-I , cf.

Sympathy, pity caused by the suffering, unhappiness of another person.

He experienced a sense of compassion for faith, pain and regret that a good person suffers because of him. Chekhov, Veroch.

- How will you work, you will be today? - asked Marusya, with compassion looking at the swollen fingers of Egor. Koptyaev, Fart.

Small academic dictionary. - M.: Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Evgeniev A. P.. 1957-1984.

Synonyms:

Antonyms:

Watch what is "compassion" in other dictionaries:

Express compassion, feel compassion .. Dictionary of Russian Synonyms and Similar expressions in the meaning of expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999. The compassion of humanity, mercy, condolences, hearts, participation, sympathy, ... ... Synonym dictionary

Compassion, compassion, mn. No, cf. Sympathy to someone else's suffering, participation, excited by grief, unfortunately of another person. Take a deep compassion for someone. From a sense of compassion. Call, excite compassion in someone. ... ... Explanatory Dictionary Ushakov

Compassion - Compassion ♦ Miséricorde Virtue for forgiveness. The compassionate person does not close his eyes on someone else's guilt - it is impossible and wrong; He does not allow himself to hate the defendant. The path to compassion lies through the knowledge of the reasons ... ... Philosophical Dictionary Sponville

Compassion, me, cf. Pity, sympathy caused by Chemical N. misfortune, grief. S. to orphans. Do that n. From compassion. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Swedov. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

Instinctive participation in the pain and suffering of another person; In Buddhism and Schopenhauer, it is equal to the overall experience, because suffering refers to the OSN. substance valid; See suffering, love for neighbor. Philosophical ... ... Philosophical encyclopedia

compassion - See ions 4: 2 Deep feeling of pity, caused by the suffering and needs of people A. Commented topics 1. Care as the topic: Nehemiah: Do not 2: 2 of the first Message to thesalonians: 1 Фес 2:17 2. Caring for small peace this is like a topic : Deuteronomy: Second ... ... Bible: Thematic Dictionary

Word C. Transmits two different concepts, not always strictly distinction. in holy Scripture: an empathion to suffering or separation with him grief (Greek Sympatine, sympathize) and complicity in the suffering carried by another person (Greek Sumpassheyn, ... ... Biblical Encyclopedia Brockhausa

compassion - Infinite compassion deep compassion ... Dictionary of Russian idiomatics

Compassion - - pity for another person, sympathy in his misfortune. Our conversation served at least to what caused compassion to me my friend. He realized that in my promiscuity more weakness than evil will (A. Preo, Manon Lesko). And not ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychology and Pedagogy

compassion - Greek word Sympathia bico penetrated into Russian: like tracing (SYM - CO, Pathos - Suffering, IA - IE) and as borrowing (sympathy), and now in modern language there are two equal synonyms - compassion and sympathy ... Etymological dictionary of the Russian language of Krylova

compassion - Pity, sympathy, compassion, participation page. 0327 p. 0328 p. 0329 p. 0330 p. 0331 p. 0332 ... New explanatory dictionary of the synonyms of the Russian language

Books

Compassion. The highest flourishing of love, Osho. People who have the ability to penetrate the heart of a person and touch the thinnest strings of his souls - units, and Osho one of them. When you are one on one with his book, you ...

COMPASSION

COMPASSION, compassion, mn. No, cf. Sympathy to someone else's suffering, participation, excited by grief, unfortunately of another person. Testing a deep compassion for someone. From a sense of compassion. Call, excite compassion in someone.

Explanatory Dictionary Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940.

Synonyms:

Antonyms:

Watch what is "compassion" in other dictionaries:

compassion - Infinite compassion deep compassion ... Dictionary of Russian idiomatics

compassion - Pity, sympathy, compassion, participation page. 0327 p. 0328 p. 0329 p. 0330 p. 0331 p. 0332 ... New explanatory dictionary of the synonyms of the Russian language

Books

, Osho. People who have the ability to penetrate the heart of a person and touch the thinnest strings of his souls - units, and Osho one of them. When you are one on one with his book, you ...
Compassion. The highest flourishing of love, Osho. Annotation of people who have the ability to penetrate into the heart of a person and hurt the thinnest strings of his souls - units, and Osho one of them. When you are one on one with his ...

Hello, dear blog readers Website. About suffering - the experiences of one's own misfortune - we know not at the break. Our inner world is familiar to us and what is happening in it is often clear.

I hurt me - I cry, sad - sad. However, not all people can understand what another in such a situation is that such compassion. One thing, testing positive when you see that someone is good.

But to adopt someone else's not so simple, and I don't always want. For what you need to be able to compare what it gives - the topic of today's article.

Compassion is ...

The word "compassion" can be broken into two parts:

cO - particle meaning joining something. In this case, to suffering;
suffering is the experience of negative emotions.

Thus, compassion means joining someone else's painful feelings, the ability to get into place of the other and live what he is going through at the moment.

In psychology such a personal quality is called empatia: Can be sincerely rejoice, sad, wonder, angry, be happy, etc. Together with another, thinly catching the internal mood of the interlocutor.

The compassion is also called empathy, sympathy, meaning the readiness of the personality to take part of the pain that the neighbor is experiencing so that the latter becomes better.

Remember the situation in which you had a bad mental level. If a nearby says something like "calm down, take himself in hand, do not worry," then such consolation does not facilitate a negative state.

At that moment it seems that the other devalues \u200b\u200byour feelings, does not understand them, so I want to interrupt contact with him. The feeling that you remain alone with your grief, only strengthens the experiences.

And if a close man says: "I know how you feel bad, I feel you, I worry the same thing as you, I will be with you next, while you are bad," then the picture is changing. The suffering feeling strong support, shoulder, beyond which he can give will his experiences and not fall in spirit. And most importantly, he does not feel lonely.

Skill to compassion It is not congenital: it is laid from birth in the process of upbringing.

If parents possess emotional intelligence - they can recognize their feelings, talk about them and express their environmentally friendly, the child is also learned. In the emotional plan of adults living as robots, a person who does not hear themselves or others will grow.

This leads to the fact that the individual feels unhappy, as it does not distinguish between his needs and does not satisfy them. For the same reason, it is broken: it does not have the opportunity to take the desired and respond to other reciprocity.

Compassion in everyday life

This quality is not isolated from others: it goes hand in hand with other traits:

Sometimes compassion is confused with love, using these concepts as synonyms. In fact, they are based on different mechanisms.

Which comes from personal motives, lives in spite of everything, and sometimes to the detriment of himself and its interests. Inside compassion is located the need to help others, save, help out.

How compassion is manifested In everyday life:

And people participating in charity are a vivid example of those in whom the feeling of compassion is the lead. They help begging, refugees, orphans and others needless because they are so telling them their heart;
in interpersonal relationships, this is the ability to help, maintain in a difficult moment, divide the negative emotions of the neighbor;
many religious flows propagate compassion.
1. In Christianity, this covenant calling on others just as you want to treat you.
2. In Buddhism, compassion is the desire to rid the whole world from suffering.
3. In Hinduism, the only way to enlightenment lies through compassion: only through it a person is capable of really high, clean acts.

Unpleasant side

Compassion is a feeling, and therefore always Subjectively. Often, being in the role of suffering, it seems to us that those who are comonging to us gives it not at all what we would like. For example:

alcoholic wants another portion of alcohol, asks for money from loved ones. The latter, instead of fulfilling his request, will be dismissed into the narcological center. From the point of view, the patient, he was betrayed, not realizing that in fact he was saved from the faithful death;
parents, depriving the Great Son of the monthly benefit, do it not because they want to make him bad, but to wake a personal responsibility and desire to live independently.

Present compassion It comes from a highly developed spirituality, the inner force of a person who is able to come sometimes in contrast to what is asked from him.

Therefore, it's not just just to be able to empathize. This is not about what I did another nice, got a lot of thanks and stroked my head, they say what a well done I am. There is no place for personal gain and careful in any of its manifestation.

What gives a man compassion

Recently, the moral and moral aspects of existence, unfortunately, become all less and less valuable.

Kindness, the ability to forgive, altruism is often taken for weakness, softness and simpleness. People are afraid to be open, sensitive, show their subsidiaries due to fear to be used or ridiculous, ashamed.

However, these are all misconceptions in the world due to political and economic instability.

What a man gives Such quality as compassion:

To compassion - does not mean to give away the last pants, food, money, housing, beloved person, etc. This is a manifestation of sincere sympathy, moral support and satisfying, material assistance, which you will not suffer from any physically nor mentally.

Good luck to you! To ambiguous meetings on the blog pages Website