What does the word autistic mean. Features of autism in adults

April 2 is World Autism Awareness Day. Littleone wants to help sort out: who are autistic people? How do they differ from the rest? Do they need help and how can we help?

What is autism?

Autism is a brain disorder resulting from impaired development. Scientists have not yet agreed on the causes of these violations. There are versions that they appear as a result of: pathologies of childbirth, traumatic brain injury, infection, congenital fragility of emotions, congenital dysfunction of the brain, hormonal disruptions, mercury poisoning (including vaccination), or due to malfunctioning genes that respond for neural contacts (synaptic connection), or mutations. The cause of the disease cannot be parenting, parental behavior or social circumstances. And the man himself is not to blame either.

Important! Autism is not contagious. Your child will not become autistic if he communicates with someone with this diagnosis. But it is likely that having experience with people with different diagnoses and different perceptions of the world, he can “get sick” with tolerance, compassion and the ability to empathize.

Manifestations of autism

Autism is manifested in with other people, poorly developed social skills, unusual types of behavior (for example, constant monotonous swaying). Often there are various forms of sensory hypersensitivity or hypersensitivity: intolerance to tissues, touch or hugs, or vice versa, an acute need for a specific smell or sound.

Such a person may have difficulty with speech (intonation, rhythm, monotony, illegibility), avoid looking into the eyes of his interlocutor, not smiling, he may not have gestures and facial expressions, or he may use them unconsciously without connecting with the context. Due to a violation of the development of the imagination, the range of interests of autists can be minimized: the attraction to one particular subject and the obsessive desire to hold it in hands, concentration on one thing, the need to accurately repeat the same actions, the preference for solitude rather than someone else’s then the company.

Autism Sites and Groups:

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of autism is a rather complicated thing, partly due to the fact that it manifests itself differently in different children, partly because some indirect symptoms can also occur in ordinary children. As a rule, the disease manifests itself by the age of three, when parents are already able to assess the social skills and communication features of their child. This is a lifelong diagnosis; a child with autism grows up into an adult with autism.

Autistic people themselves say that the outside world seems to them to be a chaos of things, people, and events that literally drive them crazy. This can bring daily torment when communicating with loved ones or just acquaintances. They only intuitively feel that they are “not like everyone else,” and they very painfully endure this fact. Outwardly, this can manifest itself as a real hysteria, the reason for which sometimes is simply a rearrangement of an object from one place to another.

Important! If your child by all means avoids making contact, the development of his speech is slow, the emotional development is slow, sometimes it seems that he is “not to penetrate anything”, moreover, it seems that he does not react to pain at all, if he is afraid of new places , people, impressions, prefers monotonous, repetitive movements, uses his toys for other purposes, does not play abstract games, does not fantasize, sometimes does not respond to contacting him, as if he does not hear, this is an occasion to make an appointment with a child psychiatrist.

Different people

Autistic all. Because in general, all people are different. And also because the common name contains a whole range of disorders, which have common manifestations and their own specific disorders. One child can be very different in their behavior, perception of reality and in their ability to integrate into society from another child. Someone lives a relatively independent, independent life, studies, works, communicates with other people. And someone, experiencing the most severe difficulties in communication and social interactions, all his life needs the support, help and work of specialists.

Paul Collins “Not even a mistake. A paternal journey into the mysterious history of autism. ”
Ellen Notbom “10 things a child with autism would like to tell you about.”
Robert Schramm, Childhood Autism and ABA.
Marty Leinbach "Daniel is silent."
Mark Haddon "The Mysterious Dog Night Kill."
Iris Johansson "Special childhood."
Katherine Maurice "Hear Your Voice."
Maria Berkovich "The fearless world."
Jodie Pickolt "The Last Rule."

Help

Currently, several methods and programs have been developed, a sufficient number of specialized centers around the world have been created to help autists and their parents adapt to the new conditions and correct the manifestations of the disease as softly and efficiently as possible, teach people social standards, live in society, communicate, give an opportunity to get education and find a job.

Important! Autism is not treated with pills and drugs. It is adjusted and mitigated by special techniques and programs. The main role in therapy belongs to parents and specialists. And also, perhaps, to every person who has not recoiled from such a person and has not touched him with a rude word.

Inclusion, full-fledged, really helping and accepted at the level of laws, society and culture, inclusion in kindergartens, schools, universities and workplaces is not about our country. We have it, for the most part, nominal: there is a law, there are no specialists, experience or conditions.

The list of autists among famous people is constantly growing. Here are the names of those whose behavior or lifestyle suggests signs of autism.

Bill Gates.American entrepreneur and public figure, one of the founders and largest shareholder of Microsoft
Virginia Woolf - They say that this writer always worked on her works standing.
Andrew Jackson “The seventh president of the United States believed that the earth was flat.”
Daryl hannah - In childhood, this actress suffered from dyslexia with the accompanying signs of autism.
Sue Rubin - The heroine of the documentary "Autism is the world."
Woody Allen - A brilliant actor and film director.
Bob Dylan - A musician in whose behavior autistic tendencies were observed.
Andy Kaufman - The famous comedian and actor.
Vincent Van Gogh - An eccentric and exceptionally gifted artist.
Andy Warhole - The lifestyle features of this talented artist suggest that he was an autist.
Courtney Love - The widow of Kurt Cobain, the leader of the Nirvana group. At the age of three, she was diagnosed with an initial stage of autism.
Hikari Oe - The famous Japanese composer.

James garfield - They say that the twentieth president of the United States could write with both hands at the same time: right - in Latin, and left - in ancient Greek.
Leonardo da Vinci - His pursuit of excellence has sometimes become an obsession. It is claimed that he spent the whole twelve years to write the lips of Mona Lisa.
Dylan Scott Pierce - An artist-animalist, whose behavior marks the features of highly functional autism.
Donna Williams - Australian writer, author of the dilogy "Nowhere Anyone", "Someone Somewhere." At the age of twenty, she was diagnosed with Autism.
Harry Truman - Since the behavior of Truman's parents showed vivid signs of autism, it is believed that he also suffered from this mental disorder.
Abraham Lincoln - The sixteenth president of the United States suffered from depression and anxiety attacks, and these are symptoms that many researchers associate with autism. In addition, Lincoln often had nervous breakdowns.
Dan Ackroyd - Once this actor said that he was suffering from Asperger syndrome, but no one took his words seriously.
Satoshi Tajiri - They say that in the behavior of the creator of Pokemon, all the main signs of autism are noted.

Richard Wouro - Autistic artist from Scotland. The child was diagnosed with autism at 3 years of age. He learned to speak at 11, and to draw at 6. His favorite technique is wax pencils. Richard paints landscapes from memory. Hundreds of his works acquiredPope John Paul II.

Tony de bloys - American blind musician. Tony first sat down at the piano at the age of two, and today he knows how to play 20 musical instruments. Knows 8000 songs as a keepsake.

Jonathan Lerman - Autistic artist (USA) (born in 1987). He stopped talking at the age of two, the IQ was only 53. But at about ten years old, Jonathan began to paint with charcoal the brilliant portraits that are now on display at major exhibitions.

Leslie Lemke - a musician. Born in 1952 with glaucoma and brain damage. The boy had his eyes removed. The native mother refused him, and the child was adopted by a nurse May Lemke. Already in early childhood, Leslie demonstrated the ability to fully memorize conversations. At age 14, May first heard him play the piano, playing a tune that had recently sounded on television. Soon, Leslie already gave concerts, and not only in the United States, but also in Scandinavia and Japan. He not only performs, but also composes music, despite the lack of musical education.

Albert Einstein, Nikolai Gumilev, Arnold Shenberg, Valery Bryusov, James Joyce, Gustav Mahler, Dmitry Shostakovich, Karl Gustav Jung, Sergey Prokofiev were allegedly affected in some form or other by autism.

Hikari Oe - Japanese composer, son of the famous writer Kenzaburo Oe. Born in 1962; the doctors advised the parents to neglect the treatment and allow the inferior child to die calmly, but they refused. Hikari suffers from many diseases and, almost devoid of the ability to speak, expresses his feelings in music. Kenzaburo believes that he owes his son his literary fame: his books became the voice of his son.

Gilles Trechin - French artist and creator of the fictional city of Urville. Born in 1972, he was diagnosed with autism at the age of 8. From an early age, Gilles showed abilities for music, computing and drawing. As a teenager, he began to draw a map of the imaginary city of Urville, for which he came up with his fascinating and detailed story.

Sarah miller - 42-year-old American programmer, president of Nova Systems.

Donna Williams (born in 1963) - artist and author of Australian bestsellers. Her first book was None of Nowhere: An Unusual Autobiography of an Autistic Girl. In childhood, Donna could not be diagnosed for a long time: she was considered deaf. The girl could not concentrate on anything, could not answer a direct question, and, as she wrote later, perceived the world as a chaos of sounds and colors. Now Donna is a successful person, she is married to a programmer, continues to write books and is creating an autistic site.

Vernon Smith (born in 1927) - professor of economics and law, doctor of sciences, author of 200 articles, winner of achievements in economic science ... And this despite the congenital Asperger syndrome.

Christopher Taylor - 40-year-old Englishman fluent in Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German and many other languages. But he cannot leave the house on his own.

Temple Grand (born in 1947) - Ph.D., professor, writer, author of the book "Translation from the language of animals." The most famous autism in the world after Kim Peak.

The work of life Granden was to alleviate the suffering of animals. 90% of cattle in the USA and Canada before slaughter pass through corrals designed according to Granden's advice so that before death animals do not experience fear and horror. Thanks to his illness, Temple sees what others do not notice. Watching the cows, she noticed dozens of little things: cows do not like yellow, they are careful not to go into a dark room from a brightly lit place, they are afraid of light reflections in the water and metal sounds, they prefer round corrals to be extended in a line.

Thanks to Granden, who described her condition in detail, the world of patients with autism has become more understandable to healthy people. The professor devotes a lot of time to make life easier for people like her. After all, only people like her know how hard it is to live behind a locked door forever.
Kim Peak - The prototype of the hero of the famous film "Rain Man" is a recognized genius with Savant's syndrome (a special case of autism). Peak's abilities are amazing. Already in three years, a strange genius was able to instantly extract the cubic root and multiply three-digit numbers with decimal fractions. At 53, he knew by heart more than 7 thousand books, and he had a special weakness for reference books and statistical tables. He returned the book he had read upside down or placed it upside down. Every day he gnawed at the granite of science for several hours in the library of his native Salt Lake City. In terms of the volume and depth of his knowledge of the exact and natural sciences, Kim Peak could put any professor in the belt, which American universities actively used. When the savant, in his monotonous voice, delivered a lecture on any topic without preparation, there is nowhere for the apple to fall in the audience. Scientists have noticed that over the years, many of Kim Peak’s abilities have become even sharper. Kim’s father believes that his son has changed a lot over the years. He ceased to be afraid of crowds, sometimes began to joke, read fiction, in particular, the books of Stephen King. Moreover, he completely distinguished the truth from fiction. In 1996, Kim Peak's father, Frank Peak, published The Real Rain Man.
Young american Matt Savage - musical savant. Possessing absolute pitch, he is able to remember a complex symphonic work, having heard it only once, and by the sound of a working automobile motor to determine the make of the car and even the degree of engine wear. At the age of 6, Savage brought his music teacher to white-hot, trying to correct the “mistakes” in the works of Mozart and Schubert. In the end, the teacher told his ward: do not encroach on immortal masterpieces, it is better to write your own music without errors. So Savage did; so far there are already five jazz albums on his track record.

Another English autist Christopher Taylor, managed to perfectly learn 30 languages, reading foreign newspapers in a local pub.

MIPT graduate doctor Gunmen - Programmer and leading researcher at the University of Sheffield. In his spare time, he advises breweries in central England, as he keeps in mind dozens of beer recipes. He says about himself: “When I read the story, it is difficult for me to understand the intentions of the heroes. In a telephone conversation, I’m often not sure whether it’s my turn to speak. ”

American autistic Sarah Miller managed to occupy the presidency of the development company Nova Systems, and Peter Levy was one of the founders of Accent Technologies. From the emotional outpourings of Sarah Miller, you can find out how the world of the savant computer geek looks from the inside. “I can only think in terms of binary computer logic,” Miller says, “only black and white, zero and one, no half-tones. That is why the variety of nuances of feelings and emotions of other people terrifies me. Often I find myself thinking that I even think in programming languages. " For working with computers, such thinking is just perfect; Sarah Miller is able to catch the "bug" in the program only by casting a cursory glance at the program code. However, at business meetings, she is invariably accompanied by a personal psychologist who helps to "translate" the words of business partners from the universal human language into the bizarre autistic binary language.

James Henry Pullen known as the genius of the Earlswood Shelter. Pullen was born in London in 1835, deaf, almost dumb and mentally retarded. By the age of 7, he had learned one single word - the distorted "mother." In a shelter where crafts were encouraged, James became an outstanding carpenter and cabinet maker. If he needed any tool, he easily made it himself. Once, according to the description in the newspaper, he painted a siege of Sevastopol in the Crimean War. Autistic creativity was interested in members of the British royal family. Pullen’s masterpiece is the Great Eastern ship model. He worked on the ship for 7 years, turning all the details, including 5585 rivets, 13 boats and miniature furniture salons. In the center of the autistic workshop was a large mannequin; sometimes the master sat inside, controlling him. After Pullen's death (in 1914), the workshop became a museum.

Online Tests

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What is Autism in Children -

Autism in children is also known as infantile autism, it is an autism spectrum disorder or persistent developmental disorder. Autism begins in childhood, often continuing after the child grows up.

Epidemiology.According to various sources, the frequency is from 2 to 6 children per 1 thousand.

“Classic” autism has between ¼ and ½ of all autistic disorders. The male to female ratio among autists is approximately 3: 1. No clear relationship was found between the disorder and the socioeconomic situation, as previously suggested.

What triggers / Causes of Autism in Children:

About 10-15% of autistic children have identifiable somatic diseases. There is a greater chance of finding a cause of autism if the child has a severe or deep generalized lack of learning ability. Autistic disorders in children often occur in some diseases, which usually lead to generalized lack of learning. This, for example, with seizures.

Scientists suggest that hereditary (genetic) causes play a role in the development of classical autism. The role is played not by one gene, but by many interacting ones. Genetic factors are thought to play a lesser role in the development of autism associated with severe and profound generalized inadequate learning. These symptoms can be largely explained by common brain damage.

Dysfunctional birth as a cause of autism is unlikely. There is no evidence that psychosocial distress plays any role in the etiology of autism. Also, the connection of this disorder with an early traumatic event, the insensitivity of parents or their insufficient responsiveness to their child has not been proven. But some scientists still have the opposite opinion.

Pathogenesis (what is happening?) During Autism in children:

Many researchers believe that the cause of autism is a primary defect in one neurological system or one psychological function. But there is also an opinion that autism occurs due to a specific combination of structural or functional abnormalities.

Neurobiological studies did not show focal deficiency - almost all parts of the brain were involved, no localization was systematically confirmed.

Some children with autism have an abnormal large head circumference and a large brain, because it is assumed that the common anomalies of neurological development are important - more than focal.

It was assumed that the cause of autism in children lies in the primary psychological deficit, but attempts to prove this were not very successful. Recognition received two theories. The first one believes that the primary deficit in autism is in The Theory of the Mind, i.e. in the ability to ascribe to themselves and others independent mental states in order to predict and explain actions. Therefore, it is difficult for autists to imagine the point of view of another person (with all the resulting patterns of behavior and consequences). But it’s easy for them to master skills that require a mechanical or behavioral understanding of objects and people.

Another theory says that the primary deficit in autism is in the executive function and such problems with planning and organizational skills that lead to poor performance in the tests of the “frontal lobe”.

Other researchers who understood the topic of primary psychological deficiency in autism speak of a congenital impairment of the ability to emotionally adapt to others and impaired ability to synthesize different information, drawing conclusions from it and producing ideas.

But none of these theories explains the repetitive and stereotyped behavior of children with autism, as well as the low, which is typical for most of these children.

Symptoms of Autism in Children:

Social disabilities relate to interactions with others. Children with autism are alienated, have poor eye contact, show a lack of interest in a person as a person (they can treat people as machines for distributing sweets, a source of entertainment, etc.). An autist does not seek solace from other people if he is in pain.

Half of autistic children have social interests (interest in other people) develop over time, still there are problems with reciprocity, social responsiveness, and the ability to sympathize. It is difficult for these children to adjust their behavior according to their social context. The social context means the purpose of the event, as well as the existing relationships between the participants.

Autists do not recognize the feelings of other people poorly, therefore they react poorly to them or do not react at all. Most often, children with autism are attached to their parents, can be affectionate, even very affectionate. But it is more likely that an autistic child will embrace his parents himself, approach them than accept hugs and communication attempts from his mother, father and others who are close to him.

An autistic child communicates with others according to his own rules, which children of his age may not like at all. Therefore, as a rule, interactions with peers are very limited.

If an autist begins to speak (not in specific cases, but in principle), then speechits usually not only delayed, but also abnormal. Among the possible deviations: "parroting" - the repetition of words or phrases (), which occurs immediately or with a delay; inversion of pronouns (for example, “you” instead of “I”), the use of phrases and words invented by him, reliance on the cliche and repeated questions.

Some autistic children speak only when they want to demand something from others, they are not inclined to engage in dialogue. Some children with autistic disabilities can detail their hobbies or current activities to the smallest detail, not paying attention to whether the conversation is interesting to the interlocutor (they do not recognize the corresponding social signals). Speech often differs from the speech of a normal person in tone or intonation. Often it is monotonous, the child “mutters”. Gestures are also abnormal.

Limited and recurring activities and interests autistic children include:

Resistance to changes (for example, a small rearrangement of furniture causes heavy)

The insistent requirement to comply with established procedures and rituals,

Dodging,

Waving hands

A game with ordering (they build objects according to their system), attachment to unusual objects (for example, a pencil case or a backup for indoor plants),

The attraction of unusual aspects of the world (for example, the sensation of touching zippers or people's hairs),

An all-consuming passion for limited topics (for example, gas prices, schedule of television programs).

Fantasy game with autism in childrenas a rule, absent (with the exception of adolescents). With a symbolic game, it is often limited to simply repeating the act of playing just one or two episodes from a favorite story or television program.

Early onset as a sign of autism in a child

In the first year of life, this disorder is rarely detected. But the fact that in infancy is considered a feature of the child, are signs of abnormal development. For example, if you never liked to be hugged with him, even in infancy, or the development of speech was significantly delayed.

But in about a third of cases in the 2nd or 3rd year of life, after a period of normal or almost normal development, these children go through the stage of regression, losing their previously acquired skills in social interaction, communication and play.

Some children are diagnosed with an “atypical” or unspecified sustained developmental disorder if they do not meet all the criteria for autism.

Associated symptoms

Generalized under-learning

Most have. In children with the most severe forms of autism, the IQ distribution is as follows: 50% IQ is below 50, 70% IQ is below 70, and almost 100% IQ is below 100.

Milder autistic disorders, such as Asperger's Syndrome, are increasingly detected in babies with normal and high intelligence, and they are often accompanied by generalized inadequate learning.

Autistic IQ is most conveniently measured in non-verbal texts. In severe autism, the verbal IQ is almost always lower than the non-verbal IQ due to concomitant speech problems. With Asperger Syndrome and autism with a high level of functioning, often non-verbal IQ is lower than verbal.

Seizures

There are ¼ autists with generalized insufficient learning and approximately autistic children with normal IQ. Often seizures begin in adolescence. If seizures appear in children with generalized lack of learning, but without autistic problems, then they often have a beginning not in adolescence, but in early childhood.

Other psychiatric problems

In addition to the typical symptoms already described, many children with autistic disorders have additional problems with hyperactivity, behavior and emotions. From educators, teachers and parents complaints about poor concentration and excessive activity of the child are received. According to a carefully collected history, you can understand what is an immediate response to tasks imposed by adults. This also applies to schoolwork. But the child at the same time focuses well on the tasks that he has set for himself, which are of interest to him - for example, lining up a number of objects. In other cases, in a small autistic person, attention is concentrated poorly in absolutely any kind of activity.

Severe and frequent outbreaks of anger are typical for children with the diagnosis in question. They are caused by the fact that the child himself cannot convey the thought to adults about his needs or the fact that someone violates their usual order and rituals. The intervention of others can cause aggressive attacks.

Autistic people with generalized inadequate learning are prone to self-harming behavior. They open their eyes, bite their hands, and can bang their heads against walls. Among the rituals to which they are subject, there are also excessive quirks in eating habits.

Intense fears can cause phobic avoidance. Moreover, fears can be those that are inherent in ordinary children, and ideosyncratic - for example, the fear of gas stations. Autism is not a cause and delirium.

Classification

Asperger Syndromesome scholars see as an easy option for autism. It differs from classical autism in that:

The delay in the development of vocabulary and grammar is very small or absent, but in other aspects of the language anomalies are observed, as in autism. Often speech is pedantic and grandiloquent, intonations are abnormal. Gesture may be limited or excessive. The child easily begins monologues on any topics that are very difficult to stop.
Early alienation is less characteristic than with autism. A child with Asperger Syndrome is often interested in other people. But interactions with other people are awkward.
Limited and repetitive behavior is most evident in hobbies or limited interests. For example, parking a toy car.
Severe clumsiness, presumably, is more often observed with than with autism.

Generalized learning disabilities without signs of autism. There is no speech, as well as a symbolic game, if the mental age of the child is less than 12 months. Social responsiveness in such children is at a fairly high level, corresponding to mental age.

Generalized lack of learning with signs of autism.Many children with a diagnosis of generalized learning disabilities have impairments that affect communication, social interactions, and play. They also have varying degrees of repetitive and limited behavior. Only a small proportion of these children have every reason to diagnose childhood autism. But most can diagnose atypical autism.

Rett's Syndrome -this dominant X-linked disorder is almost exclusively found in girls and is very similar to autism. Around the age of 1 year, the child experiences a global regression of development. He loses his abilities acquired before this, head growth slows down, characteristic stereotypes in the form of “hand washing” appear and the ability to use hands is limited. Children also experience occasional deep sighs and laughter for no reason. Mobility disorders progress.

Most children diagnosed with Rett syndrome have a sufficient level of social responsiveness, given their low mental age and physical limitations.

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Other diseases from the group Diseases of the child (pediatrics):

Bacillus cereus in children

Adenovirus infection in children

Alimentary dyspepsia

Allergic diathesis in children

Allergic conjunctivitis in children

Allergic rhinitis in children

Angina in children

Atrial septal aneurysm

Aneurysm in children

Anemia in children

Arrhythmia in children

Arterial hypertension in children

Ascaridosis in children

Asphyxia of the newborn

Atopic dermatitis in children

Rabies in children

Blepharitis in children

Heart blockade in children

Lateral cyst of the neck in children

Marfan's disease (syndrome)

Hirschsprung's disease in children

Lyme disease (tick-borne borreliosis) in children

Legionnaires' disease in children

Meniere's disease in children

Botulism in children

Bronchial asthma in children

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Brucellosis in children

Typhoid fever in children

Spring Qatar in children

Chicken pox in children

Viral conjunctivitis in children

Temporal Epilepsy in Children

Visceral leishmaniasis in children

HIV infection in children

Intracranial birth injury

Intestinal inflammation in a child

Congenital heart defects (CHD) in children

Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in children

Hemorrhagic vasculitis in children

Hemophilia in children

Hemophilus infection in children

Generalized under-learning in children

Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Children

Geographic language in a child

Hepatitis G in children

Hepatitis A in children

Hepatitis B in children

Hepatitis D in children

Hepatitis E in children

Hepatitis C in children

Herpes in children

Herpes in newborns

Hydrocephalic syndrome in children

Hyperactivity in children

Hypervitaminosis in children

Hyper excitability in children

Hypovitaminosis in children

Fetal hypoxia

Hypotension in children

Hypotrophy in a child

Histiocytosis in children

Glaucoma in children

Deafness (deaf-mute)

Gonoblenorrhea in children

Influenza in children

Dacryoadenitis in children

Dacryocystitis in children

Depression in children

Dysentery (shigellosis) in children

Dysbacteriosis in children

Dysmetabolic nephropathy in children

Diphtheria in children

Benign lymphoreticulosis in children

Iron deficiency anemia in a child

Yellow fever in children

Occipital epilepsy in children

Heartburn (GERD) in children

Immunodeficiency in children

Impetigo in children

Intestinal invagination

Infectious mononucleosis in children

Curvature of the nasal septum in children

Ischemic neuropathy in children

Campylobacteriosis in children

Canaliculitis in children

Candidiasis (thrush) in children

Carotid-cavernous anastomosis in children

Keratitis in children

Klebsiella in children

Tick-borne typhus in children

Tick-borne encephalitis in children

Clostridiosis in children

Coarctation of the aorta in children

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in children

Pertussis in children

Coxsackie- and ECHO infection in children

Conjunctivitis in children

Coronavirus infection in children

Measles in children

Side-handedness

Craniosynostosis

Urticaria in children

Rubella in children

Cryptorchidism in children

Croup in a child

Croupous pneumonia in children

Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF) in children

Q fever in children

Labyrinthitis in children

Lactase deficiency in children

Laryngitis (acute)

Newborn pulmonary hypertension

Leukemia in children

Drug Allergy in Children

Leptospirosis in children

Lethargic encephalitis in children

Lymphogranulomatosis in children

Lymphoma in children

Listeriosis in children

Ebola in children

Frontal epilepsy in children

Malabsorption in children

Malaria in children

MARS in children

Mastoiditis in children

Meningitis in children

Meningococcal infection in children

Meningococcal meningitis in children

Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents

Myasthenia gravis in children

Migraine in children

Mycoplasmosis in children

Myocardial dystrophy in children

Myocarditis in children

Myoclonic epilepsy of early childhood

Mitral stenosis

Urolithiasis (ICD) in children

Cystic fibrosis in children

External otitis media in children

Speech Disorders in Children

Neurosis in children

Mitral valve insufficiency

Bowel rotation incomplete

Sensorineural hearing loss in children

Neurofibromatosis in children

Diabetes insipidus in children

Nephrotic syndrome in children

Epistaxis in children

Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children

Obstructive bronchitis in children

Obesity in children

Omsk hemorrhagic fever (OHL) in children

Opisthorchiasis in children

Herpes zoster in children

Brain tumors in children

Tumors of the spinal cord and spine in children

Ear tumor

Ornithosis in children

Suspicious rickettsiosis in children

Acute renal failure in children

Pinworms in children

Acute sinusitis

Acute herpetic stomatitis in children

Acute pancreatitis in children

Acute pyelonephritis in children

Quincke's edema in children

Otitis media in children (chronic)

Otomycosis in children

Otosclerosis in children

Focal pneumonia in children

Parainfluenza in children

Paracussis in children

Paratrophy in children

Paroxysmal tachycardia in children

Mumps in children

Pericarditis in children

Pyloric stenosis in children

Baby food allergy

Pleurisy in children

Pneumococcal infection in children

Pneumonia in children

Pneumothorax in children

Autism - This is a diagnosis that many parents perceive as a kind of sentence. Research on what autism is, what kind of illness it is, has been going on for a very long time, and, nevertheless, childhood autism remains the most mysterious mental illness. Autism syndrome manifests itself most vividly in childhood, which leads to isolation of the baby from relatives and society.

What is autism?

Autism on Wikipedia and other encyclopedias is defined as a general developmental disorder, in which there is a maximum deficit of emotions and the sphere of communication. Actually, the name of the disease determines its essence and how the disease manifests itself: the meaning of the word "autism" is within itself. A person suffering from this ailment never directs his gestures and speech into the outside world. There is no social meaning in his actions.

At what age does this disease manifest? This diagnosis is most often made to children aged 3-5 years and call it RDA , canner's syndrome . In adolescence and in adults, the disease manifests itself and, accordingly, is rarely detected.

Autism in adults is expressed differently. Symptoms and treatment of this disease in adulthood depend on the form of the disease. External and internal signs of autism in adults are noted. Typical symptoms are expressed in facial expressions, gestures, emotions, loudness of speech, etc. There is an opinion that varieties of autism have both a genetic and acquired character.

Causes of Autism

The causes of this disease are related to other diseases, psychiatrists say.

As a rule, autistic children have good physical health, and they also have no external defects. The brain in sick babies has a normal structure. Conducting a speech on how to recognize autistic children, many note that such babies are very attractive in appearance.

Mothers of such children proceeds normally. However, the development of autism is still in some cases associated with the manifestation of other diseases:

Cerebral palsy ;
infection mothers during pregnancy;
tuberous sclerosis ;
disturbed fat metabolism (The risk of having a baby with autism is greater in women suffering).

All of these conditions can have a bad effect on the brain and, as a result, provoke autism symptoms. There is evidence that genetic disposition plays a role: signs of autism are more often seen in people whose family already has autism. However, what autism is, and what are the causes of its manifestation, are still not fully understood.

Perception of the world by an autistic child

Autism in children is manifested by certain signs. It is believed that this syndrome leads to the fact that the baby cannot combine all the details into a single image.

The disease manifests itself in the fact that the child perceives the person as a “set” of unrelated body parts. The patient almost does not distinguish inanimate objects from animate. All external influences - touch, light, sound - provoke an uncomfortable state. The child is trying to go inside himself from the world that surrounds him.

Symptoms of Autism

Autism in children is manifested by certain signs. Early childhood autism is a condition that can manifest itself in children at a very young age - both at 1 year and at 2 years old. What is autism in a child, and whether this disease takes place, is determined by a specialist. But you can independently figure out what kind of illness the child has and suspect him, relying on information about the signs of such a condition.

For this syndrome, 4 main symptoms are characteristic. In children with this disease, they can be determined to varying degrees.

The signs of autism in children are as follows:

disturbed social interaction;
disturbed communication;
stereotyped behavior;
early symptoms of childhood autism in children under 3 years old.

Disturbed social interaction

The first signs of autistic children can be expressed as young as 2 years old. Both mild symptoms can occur when eye-to-eye contact is broken, and more severe when it is completely absent.

A child cannot perceive a holistic image of a person who is trying to communicate with him. Even in the photo and video, you can recognize that such a baby's facial expressions do not meet the current situation. He does not smile when someone tries to amuse him, but he can laugh when none of his relatives understand the reason for this. The face of such a baby is masky, periodically grimaces appear on it.

The baby uses gestures only to indicate needs. As a rule, even in children up to a year, interest is sharply manifested if they see an interesting object - the baby laughs, points with his finger, demonstrates joyful behavior. The first signs in children under 1 year old can be suspected if the child does not behave this way. Symptoms of autism in children under one year of age are manifested in the fact that they use a certain gesture, wanting to get something, but do not try to capture the attention of parents by including them in their game.

An autistic cannot understand other people's emotions. As this symptom manifests itself in a child, it can be tracked already at his early age. If ordinary children have a brain that they can easily identify when looking at other people, whether they are upset, funny, or scared, then an autistic is not capable of this.

The child is not interested in peers. As early as 2 years old, ordinary children aspire to the company - to play, get to know peers. Signs of autism in children of 2 years are expressed by the fact that such a baby does not participate in games, but is immersed in his own world. Those who want to know how to recognize a child 2 years of age or older should just take a closer look at the company of children: the autist is always alone and does not pay attention to others or perceives them as inanimate objects.

It's hard for a kid to play using imagination and social roles. Children in 3 years and even younger play, fantasizing and inventing role-playing games. Autistic symptoms in 3 years can be expressed by the fact that they do not understand what a social role is in the game, and do not perceive toys as integral objects. For example, signs of autism in a 3-year-old child can be expressed by the fact that the baby spins the wheel for hours at the typewriter or repeats other actions.

The child does not respond to emotions and communication from parents. Previously it was believed that such children generally do not emotionally become attached to their parents. But now, scientists have proven that when a mother leaves, such a child at 4 years old and even earlier is anxious. If family members are nearby, he looks less fixated. However, in autism, symptoms in 4-year-old children are expressed by a lack of response to the fact that parents are absent. The autist is anxious, but he is not trying to get his parents back.

Broken communication

In children under 5 years of age and later speech delay or her complete absence (mutism ) With this disease, signs in children of 5 years of age in speech development are already pronounced. The further development of speech is determined by the types of autism in children: if a severe form of the disease is noted, the child may not master the speech at all. To indicate his needs, he uses only some words in one form: to sleep, eat, etc. Speech appears, usually incoherent, not aimed at understanding other people. Such a baby can say the same phrase for several hours that does not make sense. Speaking about themselves, autists do this in the third person. How to treat such manifestations, and whether their correction is possible, depends on the degree of the disease.

Abnormal speech . Answering the question, such children repeat either the whole phrase, or part of it. They can speak too quietly or loudly, incorrectly intonate. Such a baby does not respond if it is called by name.

Lack of “age issues” . Autists do not ask parents many questions about the world that surrounds them. If questions nevertheless arise, then they are monotonous and have no practical significance.

Stereotypical behavior

Loaded on one lesson. Among the signs of how to determine autism in a child, obsession should be noted. For many hours, the kid can sort the cubes according to their colors and make up a tower. Moreover, it is difficult to return it from this state.

Performs rituals every day. Wikipedia testifies that such children feel in a state of comfort only if the environment for them remains familiar. Any changes - rearrangement in the room, changing the route for a walk, another menu - can provoke aggression or expressed withdrawal into oneself.

The repetition of meaningless movements many times (manifestation of stereotype) . Autistic individuals are prone to self-stimulation. This is a repetition of the movements that the child uses in an unusual environment. For example, he can snap his fingers, shake his head, clap his hands.

The development of fears and obsessions. If the situation is unusual for a child, he may develop seizures aggression , as well as self-aggression .

Early Autism

As a rule, autism manifests itself very early - even before 1 year, parents can recognize it. In the first months, such children are less mobile inadequately respond to stimuli from the outside, they have scanty facial expressions.

Why children with autism are born is still not clearly known. Despite the fact that the causes of autism in children are still not clearly defined, and in each case the causes may be individual, it is important to immediately inform a specialist about your suspicions. Can autism be cured, and is it treated at all? These questions are answered only individually, by conducting an appropriate test and prescribing treatment.

What do healthy parents need to remember?

Those who do not know what autism is and how it manifests itself should still remember that such children are found among the peers of your children. So, if someone’s baby is hysterical, it may be an autistic child or a baby suffering from other mental disorders. You need to be tactful and not blame such behavior.

encourage parents and offer your help;
do not criticize the baby or his parents, thinking that he is simply spoiled;
try to remove all dangerous objects located next to the baby;
do not look at him too closely;
be as calm as possible and make it clear to your parents that you perceive everything correctly;
do not draw attention to this scene and do not make noise.

Autism Intelligence

In intellectual development, autistic traits in a child also appear. What it is depends on the characteristics of the disease. As a rule, such children have a moderate or mild form. mental retardation . Patients suffering from this disease learn with difficulty due to their presence brain defects .

If autism is combined with chromosome abnormalities , microcephaly then can develop deep mental retardation . But if there is a mild form of autism, and at the same time the child develops speech dynamically, then the intellectual development can be normal or even above average.

The main feature of the disease is selective intelligence . Such children can demonstrate excellent results in mathematics, drawing, music, but lag far behind in other subjects. Savantism - This is a phenomenon when an autist is very clearly gifted in one particular area. Some autists are able to play a melody accurately, having heard it only once, or to calculate complex examples in the mind. Famous autistic people of the world - Albert Einstein, Andy Kaufman, Woody Allen, Andy Warhole and many others.

There are certain types of autistic disorders, among them asperger Syndrome . It is generally accepted that this is a mild form of autism, the first signs of which appear already at a later age - after about 7 years. Such a diagnosis suggests the following features:

normal or high level of intelligence;
normal speech skills;
problems with speech volume and intonation are noted;
obsession with any lesson or study of the phenomenon;
lack of coordination of movements: strange postures, awkward walking;
egocentricity, lack of ability to compromise.

Such people lead a relatively normal life: they study in educational institutions and at the same time can make progress, create families. But all this happens under the condition that the right conditions are created for them, adequate education and support are present.

Rett syndrome

This is a serious illness of the nervous system, the causes of its occurrence are associated with violations in the X chromosome. Only girls are ill with it, since with such violations, the male fetus dies in the womb. The frequency of this ailment is 1: 10,000 girls. When a child has this particular syndrome, the following symptoms are noted:

deep autism isolating the child from the outside world;
normal development of the baby in the first 0.5-1.5 years;
slow head growth after this age;
loss of targeted hand movements and skills;
hand movements - such as shaking hands or washing;
loss of speech skills;
poor coordination and poor motor activity.

How to determine rett syndrome - This is a question for a specialist. But this mute state is different from classic autism. So, with this syndrome, doctors determine epileptic activity, underdevelopment of the brain. With this disease, the prognosis is poor. In this case, any correction methods are ineffective.

How is autism diagnosed?

Outwardly, such symptoms in newborns cannot be determined. However, in order to determine the signs of autism in newborns as early as possible, scientists have been working for a long time.

Most often, the first signs of this condition are noticed in children by parents. Especially early autistic behavior is determined by those parents whose families already have small children. It should be considered by those in whose family has autism that this is a disease that should be tried to diagnose as soon as possible. After all, the sooner autism is detected, the greater the chances for such a baby to feel adequate in society and live normally.

Test with special questionnaires

If there is a suspicion of childhood autism, diagnosis is carried out using parental surveys, as well as studying how the baby behaves in his usual environment. The following tests apply:

Autism Diagnostic Scale (ADOS)
Autism Diagnostic Questionnaire (ADI-R)
Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)
Autism Diagnostic Behavioral Questionnaire (ABC)
Autism Assessment Checklist (ATEC)
Autism Questionnaire for Young Children (CHAT)

Instrumental research

The following methods are used:

ultrasound of the brain - to exclude brain damage provoking symptoms;
EEG - to identify seizures epilepsy (sometimes autism is accompanied by these manifestations);
child hearing test - to exclude a delay in the development of speech in view of hearing loss .

It is important for parents to correctly perceive the behavior of a child who is autistic.

Adults see	Is not	Perhaps it
It shows forgetfulness, disorganization	Manipulation, laziness, lack of desire to do anything	Misunderstanding of the expectations of parents or other people, high anxiety, reaction to stress and changes, an attempt to regulate sensory systems
Prefers monotony, resists change, is upset by changes, prefers to repeat actions	Stubbornness, refusal to cooperate, rigidity	Uncertainty about how to follow directions, desire to maintain the usual order, inability to assess the situation from
Does not follow instructions, impulsive, makes provocations	Selfishness, disobedience, desire to always be in the spotlight	It is difficult for him to understand general and abstract concepts, it is difficult to process information
Avoids lighting and certain sounds, does not look into anyone’s eyes, rotates, touches, sniffs foreign objects	Disobedience, bad behavior	His bodily and sensory signals are poorly processed, high visual, sound, olfactory sensitivity

Autism treatment

Whether this condition is treated or not, the parents of such kids are most interested. Unfortunately, the answer to the question “ Is autism treated?"Unequivocal:" No, not treated».

But, despite the fact that the disease is not curable, you can correct the situation. The best "treatment" in this case is regular classes every day and creating the most favorable environment for autism .

Such actions are in fact a great deal of work for both parents and educators. But such means can achieve great success.

How to raise an autistic baby

Realize who autism is and that autism is a way of being. That is, such a baby is able to think, watch, hear, feel differently than most people.
Take care of the most favorable environment for those who suffer from autism, so that he can develop and learn. Adverse conditions and changes in the routine have a bad effect on the autistic and force him to go into himself even deeper.
Consult with specialists - psychiatrist, psychologist, speech therapist and others.

How to treat autism stages

To form the skills that are needed for training. If the child does not make contact, gradually establish it, not forgetting who these are autistic people. Gradually, at least the rudiments of speech need to be developed.
Eliminate non-constructive behaviors: aggression, self-aggression, fears, withdrawal, etc.
To learn to observe, to imitate.
Teach social games and roles.
Learning to make emotional contact.

Behavioral Therapy for Autism

The most common treatment for autism is practiced according to the principles behaviorism (behavioral psychology).

One of the subtypes of such therapy is AVA therapy . The basis of this treatment is to observe how the reactions and behavior of the baby look. After all the features have been studied, incentives for a specific autistic are selected. For some children, this is their favorite dish, for others - musical motives. Further, such an encouragement reinforces all the desired reactions. That is, if the baby did everything as it should, then he will receive encouragement. This is how contact develops, skills are consolidated, and signs of destructive behavior disappear.

Speech therapy practice

Despite the degree of autism, these children experience some difficulties with speech development, which interferes with normal communication with people. If the baby is regularly engaged with a speech therapist, his intonation and pronunciation are getting better.

Developing self-service and socialization skills

Autists have no motivation to play, to do everyday activities. They are difficult to adapt to maintaining personal hygiene, daily routines. To consolidate the necessary skill, use cards on which the procedure for performing such actions is drawn or written.

Drug therapy

It is permissible to treat autism with medications only if the destructive behavior of a small patient impedes its development. However, parents need to remember that any autistic reaction - crying, screaming, stereotyping - is a kind of contact with the outside world. Worse if the child goes into himself for whole days.

Therefore, any sedative and psychotropic drugs can only be used according to strict indications.

There are some opinions that are more popular than scientific. For example, evidence of what helps cure autism is not scientifically proven.

Some methods not only do not bring benefits, but can also be dangerous for the patient. It's about applying glycine , stem cells , micropolarization and others. Such methods can be very harmful to autistic people.

Conditions that mimic autism

ZPRR with autistic traits

Symptoms of this disease are associated with a delay in psycho-speech development. They are in many ways similar to signs of autism. Starting from a very young age, the baby does not develop in terms of speech in the way that existing norms suggest. In the first months of his life he does not babble, then he does not learn to speak simple words. At 2-3 years old, his vocabulary is very poor. Such children are often poorly developed physically, sometimes hyperactive. The final diagnosis is made by the doctor. It is important to visit a child psychiatrist, speech therapist.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

This condition is also often mistaken for autism. With a deficit of attention, children are restless, it is difficult for them to study at school. There are problems with concentration, such children are very mobile. Even in adulthood, echoes of this condition remain, because it is difficult for such people to remember information, make decisions. You need to try to diagnose this condition as early as possible, practice treatment with psychostimulants and soothing drugs, and also visit a psychologist.

Hearing loss

These are various congenital and acquired hearing impairments. In hearing-impaired children, speech delay is also noted. Therefore, such children do not respond well to the name, fulfill requests and may seem naughty. Moreover, parents may suspect autism in children. But a professional psychiatrist will definitely direct the baby to an auditory auditory function. A hearing aid can help solve problems.

Schizophrenia

Autism was previously considered one of the manifestations. in children. However, it is now clear that these are two completely different diseases. Schizophrenia in children begins later - at 5-7 years. Symptoms of this disease appear gradually. Such children have obsessive fears, talk to themselves, and later delirium appears. This condition is treated with medication.

It is important to understand that autism is not a sentence. Indeed, subject to proper care, the earliest correction of autism and support from specialists and parents, such a baby can fully live, study and find happiness by becoming an adult.

Autism cannot be cured. In other words, there are no pills for autism. Only an early diagnosis and many years of qualified pedagogical support can help a child with autism.

Autism as an independent disorder was first described by L. Kanner in 1942, in 1943 G. Asperger described similar disorders in older children, and in 1947 S. S. Mnukhin.

Autism is a serious violation of mental development, in which, first of all, the ability to communicate, social interaction suffers. The behavior of children with autism is also characterized by severe stereotyping (from repeated repetition of elementary movements, such as shaking hands or jumping to complex rituals) and often destructive (aggression, self-harm, screaming, negativity, etc.).

The level of intellectual development in autism can be very different: from deep mental retardation to giftedness in certain areas of knowledge and art; in some cases, children with autism have no speech, deviations in the development of motor skills, attention, perception, emotional and other areas of the psyche are noted. Over 80% of children with autism are disabled ...

The exceptional diversity of the spectrum of disorders and their severity allows us to reasonably consider the education and upbringing of children with autism to be the most difficult section of correctional pedagogy.

As early as 2000, it was believed that the prevalence of autism ranged from 5 to 26 cases per 10,000 children. In 2005, on average 250-300 newborns had one case of autism: this is more often than isolated deafness and blindness combined, Down syndrome, diabetes mellitus or childhood oncological diseases. According to the World Autism Organization, in 2008, 1 case of autism occurs in 150 children. In ten years, the number of children with autism has grown 10 times. It is believed that the upward trend will continue in the future.

According to the international classification of diseases ICD-10, autistic disorders per se include:

childhood autism (F84.0) (autistic disorder, infantile autism, infantile psychosis, Kanner syndrome);
atypical autism (with onset after 3 years) (F84.1);
rett syndrome (F84.2);
asperger Syndrome - Autistic Psychopathy (F84.5);

What is autism?

In recent years, autistic disorders began to be united by the acronym PAC - "autism spectrum disorders."

Canner's syndrome

In the strict sense of the word, Kanner syndrome is characterized by a combination of the following main symptoms:

the inability to establish full relations with people from the beginning of life;
extreme isolation from the outside world, ignoring environmental stimuli until they become painful;
lack of communicative use of speech;
lack or insufficiency of eye contact;
fear of changes in the environment ("the phenomenon of identity", according to Kanner);
immediate and delayed echolalia ("gramophone or parrot speech", according to Kanner);
delayed development of the "I";
stereotypical games with non-game items;
clinical manifestation of symptoms not later than 2-3 years.

When using these criteria, it is important:

not expand their content (for example, to distinguish between the inability to establish contact with other people and the active avoidance of contact);
build diagnostics at the syndromological level, and not on the basis of formal fixation of the presence of certain symptoms;
take into account the presence or absence of the procedural dynamics of the detected symptoms;
take into account that the inability to establish contact with other people creates the conditions for social deprivation, which in turn leads to the appearance in the clinical picture of symptoms of secondary developmental delays and compensatory formations.

In the field of view of specialists, a child usually comes no earlier than 2-3 years old, when violations become quite obvious. But even then, parents often find it difficult to identify violations, resorting to value judgments: "Strange, not like everyone else." Often the true problem is masked by imaginary or real impairments that are more understandable to parents - for example, delayed speech development or hearing impairment. In retrospect, it is often possible to find out that already in the first year the child reacted weakly to people, did not accept the pose of readiness when picked up, and the one taken was unusually passive. “Like a sandbag,” parents say sometimes. He was afraid of household noises (vacuum cleaner, coffee grinder, etc.), not getting used to them over time, found unusual selectivity in food, refusing food of a certain color or type. For some parents, this kind of violation becomes apparent only retroactively when compared with the behavior of the second child.

Asperger Syndrome

As with Kanner’s syndrome, communicative disorders, underestimation of reality, a limited and peculiar, stereotypical range of interests that distinguish such children from their peers are determined. Behavior is determined by impulsivity, contrasting affects, desires, perceptions; often behavior lacks internal logic.

In some children, the ability to unusual, non-standard understanding of themselves and others is revealed early. Logical thinking is preserved or even well developed, but knowledge is difficult to reproduce and extremely uneven. Active and passive attention is unstable, but individual autistic goals are achieved with great energy.

Unlike other cases of autism, there is no significant delay in speech and cognitive development. In appearance, a detached facial expression draws upon itself, which gives it a "prettiness", facial expressions are frozen, the gaze is turned into a void, the fixation on the faces is fleeting. Expressive facial movements are few, gesticulation is poor. Sometimes the expression on the face is concentrated, self-deepened, the gaze is directed "inward". Motility is angular, irregular movements, with a tendency to stereotypes. The communicative functions of speech are weakened, and it is unusually modulated, peculiar in melody, rhythm and tempo, the voice sounds quietly, sometimes it cuts the ear, and in general speech often resembles a recitation. There is a tendency towards word creation, sometimes persisting even after puberty, inability to automate skills and implement them outside, and attraction to autistic games. Attachment to the house, and not to relatives is characteristic.

Rett syndrome

Rett's syndrome begins to appear at the age of 8-30 months. gradually, without external reasons, against the background of normal (in 80% of cases) or slightly delayed motor development.

There is a detachment, already acquired skills are lost, the development of speech is suspended for 3-6 months. complete disintegration of previously acquired speech stock and skills is observed. Then there are violent movements of the "washing type" in the hands. Later, the ability to hold objects is lost, ataxia, dystonia, muscle atrophy, kyphosis, scoliosis appear. Chewing is replaced by sucking, breathing is upset. In a third of cases, epileptiform seizures are observed.

By the age of 5-6 years, the tendency to the progression of disorders softens, the ability to master individual words, a primitive game returns, but then the progression of the disease increases again. There is a gross progressive breakdown of motor skills, sometimes even walking, characteristic of the final stages of severe organic diseases of the central nervous system. In children with Rett syndrome, against the background of the total collapse of all areas of activity, emotional adequacy and attachments corresponding to the level of their mental development are preserved for the longest time. In the future, severe motor disorders, deep disorders of statics, loss of muscle tone, and deep dementia develop.

Unfortunately, modern medicine and pedagogy are not able to help children with Rett syndrome. We are forced to state that this is the most serious violation among ASD, which cannot be corrected.

Atypical Autism

The disorder is similar to Kanner’s syndrome, but at least one of the required diagnostic criteria is missing. Atypical autism is characterized by:

quite distinct violations of social interaction,
limited, stereotyped, repetitive behavior,
one or another sign of abnormal and / or impaired development manifests itself after the age of 3 years.

More often occurs in children with severe specific impairment of the development of receptive speech or with mental retardation.

Where, who is to blame?

Modern science cannot unambiguously answer this question. There are suggestions that autism can be caused by infections during pregnancy, difficult or improper delivery, vaccinations, traumatic situations in early childhood, etc.

We have hundreds of thousands of examples when children with autism are born in families with ordinary children. It happens the other way around: the second child in the family is ordinary, while the first child is ASD. If the family has the first child with autism, then parents are advised to undergo a genetic examination and determine the presence of a fragile (fragile) X chromosome. Its presence greatly increases the likelihood of children with autism in this particular family.

What to do?

Yes, autism is a disorder that lasts a lifetime. But thanks to timely diagnosis and early corrective help, much can be achieved: adapt the child to life in society; teach him to cope with his own fears; to control emotions.

The most important thing is not to mask the diagnosis for allegedly "more harmonious" and "socially acceptable." Do not run away from the problem and do not fix all the attention on the negative aspects of the diagnosis, such as: disability, misunderstanding of others, conflicts in the family and so on. A hypertrophied view of a child as a genius is just as harmful as a depressed state from his failure.

It is necessary without hesitation to abandon tormenting illusions and preplanned life plans. Adopt a child for what he really is. Act on the interests of the child, creating an atmosphere of love and goodwill around him, organizing his world until he learns to do it on his own.

Remember that without your support, a child with autism cannot survive.

What are the prospects?

In fact, it all depends on the parents. From their attention to the child, from literacy and personal position.

If the diagnosis was made before 1.5 years, and comprehensive corrective measures were taken in time, then by the age of 7, most likely, no one would even think that the boy or girl was once diagnosed with autism. Studying in an ordinary school or classroom will not cause much trouble to either the family or the child. Secondary vocational or higher education for such people is not a problem.

Despite the fact that up to 80% of children with autism are disabled, disability, as such, can be lifted.

If the diagnosis was made later than 5 years, then with a high probability it can be argued that the child will study according to the school curriculum individually. Since corrective work during this period has already been complicated by the need to overcome the child’s existing life experience, inadequate patterns of behavior and stereotypes are fixed. And further study and professional activities will completely depend on the environment - specially created conditions in which the teenager will be.

Despite the fact that up to 80% of children with autism are disabled, disability, as such, can be lifted. This is due to a properly organized system of correctional care. The need to formalize a disability is dictated, as a rule, by the pragmatic position of parents seeking to provide the child with expensive qualified help. Indeed, for the organization of effective corrective action, one child with ASD requires from 30 to 70 thousand rubles a month. Agree, not every family is able to pay such bills. However, the result is worth the effort and money.

One of the main tasks of parents and specialists is to develop independence in children with ASD. And this is possible, because among autists there are programmers, designers, musicians - in general, successful people who have taken place in life.

Discussion

Autism is not a disease, but a triggering of a natural mechanism. Read this article here:
[link-1]
And download the book (links at the end of the article). It says how to deduce from this state

05/27/2012 17:06:28, St. Luke

27.05.2012 17:00:17, Vladimir Vladimirovich

"Autism as an independent disorder was first described by L. Kanner in 1942, in 1943 G. Asperger described similar disorders in older children." The author made a mistake with the dates: Kaner published his work in 1943, Asperger - 1944. Be careful when writing off this article)

01/21/2010 03:01:38, lena uk

Stupid article. If a person does not know at all, it will help little. If you already have a diagnosis, then too little will help. If there are problems, but the diagnosis is unclear, also of little use ... All articles should be written for a specific audience. Under parents or under specialists. You cannot read concrete examples anywhere, which would be at least interesting and honest.

Even experts rarely give forecasts, I agree with the speakers below.

01/18/2010 12:02:33 PM, LaMur

“If the diagnosis was made before 1.5 years, and comprehensive corrective measures were taken in a timely manner, then by the age of 7, most likely, no one will even think that the boy or girl was once diagnosed with autism. school, class will not cause much trouble to either the family or the child. Secondary vocational or higher education for such people is not a problem. "

Not true, but it sounds beautiful enough to hang noodles on the ears of poor parents

01/18/2010 03:05:23, lena uk

Comment on the article "Autism is not a disease, it is a developmental disorder"

atypical autism \u003d det. schizophrenia? This is our conclusion, after a short stay in 6ke. The doctor said that it’s childhood schizophrenia that is understood as “atypical autism”. Shevchenko advised us. Well, the name doesn’t matter to me, child ...

Discussion

I do not want to make a diagnosis on the Internet, but 6ka really likes to put a ran.den. schizophrenia. I have the impression that they don’t even know what races are and how to correct them. Mine was also put in incomplete five years rdsh, put on haloperidol. In particular, thanks to this coffee, I did not blindly believe the six, but went on. Cirkin was in a neuroscientist, his words are not the first ones who instill schizophrenia with someone instead of races. Look at the reviews about him, he is a great diagnostician. Read about Aspen, he could have been invited to a house earlier, now I don’t know. Be sure to enter the LiveJournal community at the link, there are a lot of mothers with preschool children with autism. Once again - I can’t approve indiscriminately, one hundred your reb does not have schizophrenia, I say, go to other doctors, Drobinskaya was still praised, look, where she accepts. The mass of cases when the six does not put schizophrenia instead of race. I do not give up, even if it is schizophrenia, and they live with it. I highly recommend at least a one-time consultation of Tsirkin specifically for the diagnosis of schizophrenia.

02/14/2015 23:07:55, Olga local

Discussion

i don’t know much about autism, and it’s good that not everyone knows about it) just thinking out loud a person who loves being alone and capable of sticking) when she was little, there were often scandals, my mother came home from work and tried to find out what I was doing all day, She couldn’t say anything except - she was in a temporary hole) at work the other day they said - apparently you are a melancholy person, because sometimes you see how you go into yourself, but these are not cares, and the need to be alone this way manifests itself, the ability to be alone among a crowd of people .
and in this regard, it’s a little encouraging that singles were banned for the child, the public attitudes were to be the same and annoyed. He has the right to be himself, there are people who live in the taiga and are happy.
relaxation on water is the body’s innate ability to discharge, something that medicine is trying to replace with pills. you cannot forbid, learn to live with it and benefit.
about her husband even guarded.

Well, yes, it’s especially “smart” to remove the ABCs and counts when you need speech! I read somewhere that some children begin to speak in parallel with reading.

If you need a kindergarten for the elder, IMHO, it makes sense NOW, before the election, contact the deputies with papers about the problems of the youngest under the slogan that in order to get time for rehabilitation of the younger one, you need a kindergarten for the elder "right now." Watch the program on TV housing and communal services on ORT, somewhere in September there was a similar program on 17, also on ORT, it was closer to you on the subject, about kindergartens, hospitals and other life conflicts. I think you can call the editorial office of the digestive tract and ask for help with kindergarten. Although, if about joint games, then the three of them are better. In addition, in the first year, the dates are sick in the kindergarten, the eldest will also drag the youngest from the kindergarten. So it is unlikely to become easier.

Autism is really not just isolation, but it has such a wide spectrum that it says right away that “you will see autism” I always distinguish autism, I just don’t know how to confuse it with something else. And it also seems to me that in Russia autism is diagnosed by mistake ...

Discussion

autizm ehto ne prosto zamknutost ", vy srazu uvidite autista, ne sputatesh" ni s chem, tak chto ne perezhivajte

depending on the age of the baby ?. if you’re up to two years old, then you don’t have to worry much - normal psychiatrists won’t write this. perhaps the child has recently arrived from a dysfunctional family, or is still under the influence of sm. stress. in DD they like to make a diagnosis by eye, and in this case, the inability of the child to establish productive contact, most likely provoked a similar conclusion. in short, you need to personally communicate with the baby. if something warns you will think. if everything is ok. - then you should not think.

What threatens the diagnosis of AUTISM ??? Something touched me for the lively words of one of the mothers in the class where my son is studying ... BUT, while they agreed to our request to test their son, a county, an autism specialist who has an ABA certificate. she’ll see what kind of plan she will develop for us.

Discussion

My acquaintances in America were diagnosed in elementary school when they arrived at work at a university. Now he is 21 years old, he is studying at the 3rd year of the university (specialty is the airport manager), and since last year he went to live on campus. The diagnosis is present.

Oh well, of course, this is not true. It seems to me when people are not comfortable telling the truth, excuses come up. Your friend doesn’t want her child to be in a special class, but you won’t say out loud, “God forbid, he’ll fall into a class for sick children,” and they come up with explanations.
If your son was assigned HFA at 4 years old, then you will be required to attend a regular school. I can imagine the surprise at school when you additionally demanded an ABA.

Asperger’s speech is not about perfect speech, but about the fact that there was no significant delay in speech development.
The diagnostic criteria read: AS is distinguished from the other ASDs in having no general delay in language or cognitive development.
"Speech
The child usually begins to speak at the age expected in normal children, whereas walking may be delayed. A full command of grammar is sooner or later acquired, but there may be difficulty in using pronouns correctly, with the substitution of the second or third for the first person forms (No. 1). The content of speech is abnormal, tending to be pedantic and often consisting of lengthy disquisitions on favorite subjects (No.2). Sometimes a word or phrase is repeated over and over again in a stereotyped fashion. The child or adult may invent some words. Subtle verbal jokes are not understood, though simple verbal humor may be appreciated. "

Causes of Autism Recently, more and more often I come across, let’s say, scientific journalistic articles about autism or where it is mentioned. So there the main reason is called the coldness of the relationship between mother and child. The initial rejection of the child by the mother.

Discussion

I perfectly understand how you feel, Hope. I myself was periodically tormented by such doubts, all the more I can subscribe almost one hundred percent under the description of your situation, of course, not counting the sick grandmother. Tired physically and especially morally, it seems to me, I could not adequately convey my love to the child. In those days, even tantrums happened to me from fatigue and hopelessness of the situation, imagine what kind of eyes I could sometimes look at my child. And subsequently, having read a wide variety of literature, she also executed herself endlessly. Sometimes literature may be contraindicated, especially to such dubious persons as myself. After all, I also read about the failure of the myth of the coldness of my mother, but this worm of doubt still gnaws at me, now more likely subconsciously. Although I did not ask about the causes of our autism at the Institute of Cor. pedagogy, nor in the Center to lay down. pedagogy. Whatever they are, they will not change anything, neither the method of treatment, nor the type of correction.
As for the causes of autism in our cases, these are most likely genetic features in combination with neurological disorders.

10/08/2003 20:36:59, Inna Goncharova

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