I will solve the exam in biology fipi. Demo of exam in biology

OPTION 1

2. Choose two correct answers out of five and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table. Examples of what scientific methods are illustrated by the plot of the painting "Pulse" by the Dutch artist J. Sten?

1) abstraction

2) modeling

3) experiment

4) measurement

5) observation

3. What is the function of nucleic acids in a cell?

1) are custodians of hereditary information

2) carry out homeostasis

3) transfer hereditary information from the nucleus to the ribosome

4) participate in protein synthesis

5) are part of the cell membrane

6) perform a signaling function

	4. What processes take place in the prophase of the first meiotic division?
	formation of two nuclei divergence of homologous chromosomes metaphase plate formation convergence of homologous chromosomes exchange of regions of homologous chromosomes spiralization of chromosomes
5. Establish a correspondence between the trait and the cell organoid for which it is characteristic.
		SYMPTOM ORGANOID the presence of two membranes split organic matter to CO2 and H 2 O the presence of hydrolytic enzymes digestion of cell organelles energy storage in ATP the formation of digestive vacuoles in protozoa

6. Determine the ratio of phenotypes in offspring during monohybrid crossing of two heterozygous organisms with incomplete dominance. Write the answer in the form of a sequence of numbers showing the ratio of the resulting phenotypes,starting with the dominant phenotype.

7. What patterns are characteristic of modification variability?
Variability is individual. Variability serves as a reserve for microevolution. Signs in individuals develop within the normal reaction range. Variability is formed when the number of chromosomes changes. One and the same genotype under different environmental conditions forms different phenotypes. Variability is not associated with changes in genes and chromosomes.
		CHARACTERISTIC KIND OF VARIABILITY
	9. Establish a correspondence between the structure of the flower and the method of pollination of such a flower: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
		FLOWER STRUCTURE POLLINATION METHOD bright large corolla flowering and pollination occurs before the leaves appear there are nectaries in the flowers pistil with a fluffy large stigma stamens on long filaments flowers smell by the wind insects

	10. Mosses, in contrast to angiosperms,
	are phototrophs have no tissues do not have a flower reproduce by spores have rhizoids form sex cells
		12. Choose three correct answers out of six and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table. Connective tissue of the human body
		represented by blood, lymph, cartilage lines the mucous membranes of the stomach, oral cavity can be liquid or solid possesses excitability and conductivity has a poorly expressed intercellular substance performs a transport function

EXAMPLES TYPES OF REFLEXES sucking movements of the child in response to the touch of his lips constriction of the pupil, illuminated by the bright sun performing hygiene procedures before bedtime sneezing when dust enters the nasal cavity salivation on the clink of dishes when setting the table roller skating

tie the tourniquet in a knot and pull off with a wooden twist stick put a sterile gauze bandage on the wound surface and bandage attach a piece of paper to the tourniquet indicating the time of its imposition free your forearm from clothing put a soft cloth above the wound site, and on top of it - a rubber band

15. It is known that potatoes or tuberous nightshade are a species of herbaceous plants, the most important food, industrial and fodder crop.

Using this information, select statements from the list below that describe these traits for this organism.

Write in the table the numbers corresponding to the selected answer.

1. Potato is a herbaceous plant with a bare ribbed stem and pinnate leaves.
2. The homeland of potatoes is the coast of Chile and Peru.
3. The Europeans did not know potatoes until 1565, before visiting South America the Spaniards.
4. Until the end of the 18th century, potatoes were cultivated as an ornamental plant.
5. Starch, molasses and alcohol are obtained from potato tubers.
6. Potatoes are used to feed farm animals.

16. Establish a correspondence between the example and the factor of anthropogenesis for which it is characteristic.
				EXAMPLE ANTHROPOGENESIS FACTOR
		17 ... In the agrocenosis, in contrast to the natural ecosystem,
		additional energy sources are used, in addition to solar closed circulation of substances a small number of producer species live all functional groups are represented: producers, consumers, reducers power circuits are short natural selection works
	18. Match example and group environmental factorswhich he illustrates.
			EXAMPLE GROUP OF FACTORS biotic abiotic

19. Establish the sequence of evolutionary processes of the formation of the main groups of animals that took place on Earth, in chronological order. Write down the corresponding sequence of numbers in the table

20 ... Insert the missing terms from the proposed list into the text "Similarity of mushrooms to plants and animals", using numbers for this. Write down the numbers of the selected answers in the text, and then enter the resulting sequence of numbers (according to the text) into the table below.

SIMILARITY OF MUSHROOMS WITH PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Mushrooms combine the characteristics of both plants and animals. Like plants, fungi are immobile and constantly growing. Outside, their cells, like plant cells, are covered with ___________ (A). They have no green ___________ inside the cell (B). Fungi are similar to animals in that ___________ (B) is not stored in their cells and they feed on ready-made organic substances. The composition of the cell wall in fungi includes ___________ (D).

LIST OF TERMS:

1) plasma membrane 2) cell wall 3) plastids 4) Golgi complex

5) mitochondria 6) starch 7) glycogen 8) chitin

21. P use the Nutritional Values \u200b\u200bof Certain Fish Table and Biological Knowledge to select the correct statements

1) Salmon contains the largest proportion of proteins compared to other fish.

2) The sprat contains the highest proportion of fat compared to other fish.

4) Vobla is the lowest calorie fish.

5) All these fish are representatives of the Herring order.

Part 2

22. Why is it not recommended to store wet seeds in a granary? What's going on with them?

23. What are the formations on the roots of the depicted plant? What type of relationships between organisms does the figure illustrate? Explain the significance of this relationship for both organisms.

24. Find three mistakes in the above text. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which mistakes were made, correct them.

1. Fungi and bacteria are classified as prokaryotes. 2. There is a wide variety of fungi: yeast, molds, cap fungi, etc. 3. A common feature of multicellular fungi is the formation of a vegetative body from thin branching filaments that form a mycelium. 4. The fungus cell has a cell wall composed of chitin and membrane organelles. 5. The reserve nutrient is glycogen. 6. Mushrooms have an autotrophic type of nutrition. 7. The growth of fungi stops after the maturation of the spores.

25. What functions does the nervous system perform in the human body? Give at least three functions. Explain the answer.

26. Flounder is a bottom fish, adapted to life in the seas, merging with the background of the seabed. Name the type of color and explain its meaning, as well as the relative nature of fitness.

27. The chromosomal set of potato somatic cells is 48. Determine the chromosome set and the number of DNA molecules in cells during meiosis in the prophase of meiosis I and metaphase of meiosis II. Explain all results obtained.

28. In homozygous sheep, the gray gene causes embryonic death. In the first crossing of sheep with gray wool, horned sheep, part of the offspring turned out to be with black wool, hornless. In the second crossing of sheep with a gray wool color, horned (homozygous), the offspring with a gray wool color, horned and black wool color, horned in a ratio of 2: 1. The genes are not linked. Make a scheme for solving the problem. Determine the genotypes of the parents, the genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring in the crosses. Explain the phenotypic splitting of the offspring in the two crosses.

OPTION 2

1. Consider the diagram. Write down the missing term indicated by a question mark in the diagram.

1. Choose two correct answers out of five and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table. The ringing method is used for

1) determining the timing and routes of bird migration

2) studying the mechanisms of flight of birds at different heights

3) determining the characteristics of the behavior of poultry

4) assessing the damage caused to humans by birds

5) determining the life span of birds

3. The diploid set of chromosomes has

birch leaf epidermis cells cod intestinal cells female gametes of flowering plants male gametes of cats monkey nerve cells colibacillus

4. Prokaryotic cells are different from eukaryotic cells

the presence of ribosomes lack of mitochondria lack of a formalized kernel the presence of a plasma membrane lack of organelle movement the presence of a circular DNA molecule

5. Establish a correspondence between the structure of an organoid and its appearance.

STRUCTURE ORGANOID TYPE consists of two perpendicular cylinders consists of two subunits Formed by microtubules contains proteins that ensure the movement of chromosomes contains proteins and nucleic acid

6. Determine the ratio of phenotypes in the offspring when crossing females and males with AaBb genotypes, given that the genes are not linked to each other and complete domination... Write the answer in the form of a sequence of numbers showing the ratio of the resulting phenotypes,in descending order.

7. The reasons for combinative variability include

random combination of gametes during fertilization changes in the structure of individual chromosomes recombination of genes as a result of crossing over change in the nucleotide composition of the ring chromosome loss of a triplet of nucleotides during replication a combination of non-homologous chromosomes in meiosis

8. Establish a correspondence between the characteristic of variability and its type.

	CHARACTERISTIC KIND OF VARIABILITY occurs in genetically identical individuals occurs when the germ cells merge has a group character of trait change determined by the limits of the normal reaction of the genotype corresponds to a change in the action of an environmental factor based on independent chromosome divergence during meiosis FEATURES OF THE BUILDING MEMBER CLASS arachnids insects Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters. 10. Plants that do not have roots include cuckoo flax horsetail male shieldworm club-shaped club sphagnum Laminaria 11 ... Establish the sequence of arrangement of taxonomic groups of plants, starting with the largest taxon. Write down the corresponding sequence of numbers in the table. 12. The human heart muscle is characterized by the presence of cross striation an abundance of intercellular substance spontaneous rhythmic contractions the presence of fusiform cells numerous connections between cells lack of nuclei in cells 15. It is known that the common mole is a soil mammal that feeds on animal food. Using this information, select from the list below three statements that describe these traits for this animal. Write in the table the numbers corresponding to the selected answers. 1) The body length of animals is 18-26.5 cm, and the weight is 170-319 g. 2) Adult animals are quarrelsome with each other, attack the relatives who have fallen on their site and can bite them to death. 3) The offspring of moles are born blind, naked and helpless. At this time, the female feeds him with milk. 4) The nest chamber is located at a depth of 1.5–2 m. 5) Along the river valleys, the mole penetrates to the north to the middle taiga, and to the south to typical steppes. 6) The mole eats earthworms, eats slugs, insects and their larvae in smaller quantities.
	17. Choose three correct answers out of six and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table. In a mixed forest ecosystem symbiotic relationship set between				Psilophytes
	Multicellular algae
	Angiosperms
	Ferns

20. Insert the missing terms from the proposed list into the text "Plant vital activity", using numbers for this. Write down the numbers of the selected answers in the text, and then enter the resulting sequence of numbers (according to the text) into the table below.

PLANT LIFE

The plant receives water in the form of a soil solution using the ___________ (A) root. The ground parts of the plant, mainly ___________ (B), on the contrary, through special cells - ___________ (C) evaporate a significant amount of water. In this case, water is used not only for evaporation, but also as a starting material for the formation of organic substances during the process ___________ (D).

LIST OF TERMS:

1) breath 2) root cap 3) root hair 4) leaf

5) shoot 6) stem 7) stomata 8) photosynthesis

21. Using the table "Acidity of juices and secrets in the human digestive tract" and knowledge of the course of biology, select the correct statements:

2) With heartburn, the pH of the esophagus drops sharply.

3) In an empty stomach (on an empty stomach), the most alkaline environment.

4) During a hunger strike, there is a danger of a duodenal ulcer.

5) In the acidic environment of the stomach, carbohydrates are better broken down.

Part 2.

22. It is known that for high temperature environment the skin of the face turns red, and at low it turns pale. Explain why this is happening.

23. Name the organism shown in the figure and the kingdom to which it belongs. What is indicated by the numbers 1, 2? What is the role of these organisms in the ecosystem?

24. Find three mistakes in the above text. Indicate the numbers of the proposals in which they are made, correct them.

1. G. Mendel is rightfully considered the founder of genetics. 2. He found that in monohybrid crossing, traits are split in a ratio of 3: 1. 3. In dihybrid crossing, traits in the second generation are split in a ratio of 1: 2: 1. 4. Such splitting occurs if genes are located in non-homologous chromosomes. 5. T. Morgan found that if genes are located on one chromosome, then the traits are inherited exclusively together, that is, linked. 6. Such genes form a linkage group. 7. The number of linkage groups is equal to the diploid set of chromosomes.

25. What is the role of mitochondria in metabolism? Which tissue - muscle or connective - contains more mitochondria? Explain why.

26. What is expressed bad influence human activities on the flora of the biosphere? Give at least four examples and explain their impact.

27. The karyotype of one of the fish species has 56 chromosomes. Determine the number of chromosomes during spermatogenesis in the cells of the growth zone and in the cells of the maturation zone at the end of the first division. Explain what processes are taking place in these zones.

28. In humans, deafness is an autosomal, recessive trait; color blindness is a recessive sex-linked trait (Xd). A woman who is healthy on these two grounds married a man suffering from deafness and color blindness. They had a daughter with good hearing and color blind and a son, deaf and color blind. Make a scheme for solving the problem. Determine the genotypes of the parents, all possible genotypes and phenotypes of the children. Determine the likelihood of having children with both anomalies. What gender will they be? Indicate their genotypes.

SPECIFICATION
control measuring materials
a single state examination 2017 in BIOLOGY

1. Appointment of KIM USE

The Unified State Exam (hereinafter - the Unified State Exam) is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered educational programs of secondary general education, using tasks of a standardized form (control measurement materials).

The Unified State Exam is conducted in accordance with Federal Law No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012 "On Education in the Russian Federation".

Control and measuring materials make it possible to establish the level of mastering by the graduates of the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education in biology, basic and specialized level.

The results of the unified state examination in biology are recognized educational organizations middle vocational education and educational institutions of higher
vocational education as results entrance examinations in biology.

2. Documents defining the content of the KIM USE

3. Approaches to the selection of content, the development of the structure of the KIM USE

The basis for the development of the KIM USE is the invariant core of the content biological education, which is reflected in the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education, various exemplary programs and textbooks recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia for use in the implementation of existing state accreditation educational programs of secondary general education in biology.
The KIM USE examines the mastery of the knowledge and skills of the main sections of the course in biology: "Plants", "Bacteria. Mushrooms. Lichens ”,“ Animals ”,“ Man and his health ”,“ General biology ”. This allows you to check the main content of the course, to ensure the meaningful validity of the CMM. The content of the KIM USE does not go beyond the course of biology high school and does not depend on what program and what textbook is being taught in a particular educational organization.

IN examination paper tasks in the section "General biology" prevail, since it integrates and generalizes the factual knowledge gained in basic school, considers general biological laws that manifest themselves at different levels of organization of living nature. These include: cellular, chromosomal, evolutionary theories; laws of heredity and variability; ecological patterns of biosphere development.

Tasks that control the degree of mastery of knowledge and skills cover the most significant issues of the content of the course in biology and check the formation of a scientific worldview and biological competence in graduates.

4. The structure of the KIM USE

Each version of the CMM examination paper contains 28 tasks and consists of two parts, differing in form and level of complexity. Part 1 contains 21 tasks:

7 - with multiple choice with or without a picture;
6 - to establish compliance with a drawing or without it;
3 - to establish the sequence of systematic taxa, biological objects, processes, phenomena;
2 - to solve biological problems in cytology and genetics;
1 - to add missing information in the scheme;
1 - to add missing information in the table;
1 - for the analysis of information presented in graphical or tabular form.

The answer to the tasks of part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a word (phrase), number or sequence of numbers, written without spaces and separating symbols.

Part 2 contains 7 tasks with a detailed answer. In these tasks, the answer is formulated and written down by the examinee independently in an expanded form. The tasks of this part of the work are aimed at identifying graduates who have high level biological training.

In part 1, tasks 1-21 are grouped according to meaningful blocks presented in the codifier, which provides a more accessible
perception of information. In part 2, tasks are grouped according to the species being tested. learning activities and in accordance with thematic affiliation.

05/10/2017 on the official website of FIPI published early options Unified State Exam in Biology 2017.

You can download real versions of the USE in biology from the FIPI official website. Rosobrnadzor advises using official sources of information when preparing for the Unified State Exam.

Early versions of the exam in biology 2017

Options early exam on biology of past years

Be careful - there are significant changes in the 2017 USE options in biology compared to 2016.

Demonstration version of the USE in biology 2017 with answers

There have been significant changes in KIM compared to 2016, so the 2016 options are provided for informational purposes only.

Changes in the KIM USE 2017 in biology compared to 2016

Biology - significant changes:

The structure of the examination work has been optimized:

1. Excluded from the examination paper tasks with a choice of one answer.

2. The number of tasks has been reduced from 40 to 28.

3. The maximum primary score has been reduced from 61 in 2016 to 59 in 2017.

4. The duration of the examination work has been increased from 180 to 210 minutes.

5. Part 1 includes new types of tasks that differ significantly in the types of learning activities: filling in the missing elements of a diagram or table, finding the correct designations in a figure, analyzing and synthesizing information, including information presented in the form of graphs, diagrams and tables with statistical data.

Total tasks - 28, of which by type of tasks:

With a short answer - 21, with a detailed answer - 7;

By difficulty level: B - 10, P - 12, C - 6.

The maximum primary score for work is 59.

The total time to complete the work is 210 minutes.

USE 2017. Biology. Typical test tasks. Kalinova G.S.

M .: 2017 .-- 112 p.

Typical test tasks in biology contain 10 options for sets of tasks, compiled taking into account all the features and requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2017. The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with information on the structure and content of 2017 control measuring materials in biology, their differences from previous years, and the degree of difficulty of tasks. The manual provides answers to all test options, in addition, there are sample forms used on the exam to record answers and decisions. The manual is intended for teachers to prepare students for the exam in biology, as well as for high school students for self-preparation and self-control.

Format: pdf

The size: 3.2 MB

Watch, download:drive.google

CONTENT
Introduction 4
Instructions for work 9
OPTION 1 10
Part 1 Yu
Part 2 15
OPTION 2 18
Part 1 18
Part 2 24
OPTION 3 26
Part 1 26
Part 2 31
OPTION 4 32
Part 1 32
Part 2 38
OPTION 5 39
Part 1 39
Part 2 45
OPTION 6 46
Part 1 46
Part 2 52
OPTION 7 53
Part 1 53
Part 2 58
OPTION 8 61
Part 1 61
Part 2 67
OPTION 9 69
Part 1 69
Part 2 74
OPTION 10 76
Part 1 76
Part 2 82
ANSWERS. 83
Option 1: 83
Option 2 86
Option 3 89
Option 4 92
Option 5 95
Option 6 ^ 98
Option 7 101
Option 8 104
Option 9 Yu7
Option 10 110

The proposed manual is addressed to high school students and graduates to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Biology. The biology exam is one of the exams that the graduate of the secondary complete comprehensive school hands over by choice. The exam is carried out using standardized tasks - control measuring materials (CMM), which check biological knowledge for the entire school course from 5 to 11 grades. In 2017, special emphasis was placed on strengthening the activity basis and practice-oriented orientation of CMM. This required adjusting the approaches to building a new examination paper, including assignments of a new format.
The basis for the development of the CIM USE, as in previous years, is the invariant core of the content of biological education, which is reflected in the State educational standard of secondary (complete) general education, various sample programs and textbooks recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia for use in the implementation of state accredited educational programs secondary general education in biology.
The content of the control measurement materials covers all sections of the biology course in basic and secondary schools. The object of control is the knowledge and skills of schoolchildren, formed during the study of all sections of the course of biology: "Plants", "Bacteria. Mushrooms. Lichens ”,“ Animals ”,“ Man and his health ”,“ General biology ”. This allows you to check the main content of the course, to ensure the validity of control measurement materials. In the examination work, tasks for the section "General biology" still prevail, since it integrates and summarizes the factual knowledge gained in basic school and secondary school, considers general biological patterns that manifest themselves at different levels of organization of living nature. The content of the KIM Unified State Examination does not go beyond the biology course of a specialized secondary school and does not depend on which program and which textbook is taught at school.

FIPI Unified State Exam, OGE 2020 and 2019 free download (links)

08.01.2020

Definitions:
Unified State Exam (USE) - a centralized examination in Russia in secondary educational institutions - schools, lyceums and gymnasiums, the form of conducting the SIA on educational programs of secondary general education. Serves simultaneously as a final exam from school and an entrance exam to universities. When conducting an exam throughout Russia, the same type of tasks and uniform methods for assessing the quality of work are used. After passing the exam, all participants are issued certificates of uSE results (in everyday life, often called certificates), which indicates the scores received in subjects. Since 2009, the Unified State Exam has been the only form of final exams at school and the main form of entrance exams to universities, with the possibility of repeated passing the exam in subsequent years. ...

Basic state examination (OGE) is a compulsory exam at the end of the 9th grade of secondary school in Russia, an analogue of the USE for 11th grade. Serves to control the knowledge gained by students for 9 years, as well as for admission to institutions of secondary vocational education (colleges and technical schools). Is one of three forms GIA.

GIA - State final certificationis a form of state control (assessment) of the development by graduates of 9 (10) and 11 (12) grades of the basic general education programs of basic general and secondary general education in accordance with the requirements of the federal state educational standard secondary general education.
State final attestation of graduates of 9 (10) grades is carried out in the form of a unified state exam, as well as in the form of a state final exam.
State final attestation of graduates of 9 (10) grades is carried out in the form of the main state examination (OGE) using control measuring materials, which are complexes of tasks of a standardized form; for certain categories of persons - in the form of written and oral examinations using texts, topics, assignments, tickets (state final exam), the implementation of which makes it possible to establish the level of mastering the federal state standard of basic general education.

Download:

Unified State Exam

The documents defining the structure and content of control measuring materials of the unified state exam are presented:
- codifiers of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates of general educational institutions for the unified state examination;
- specifications of control measuring materials for the unified state exam;
- demo options control measuring materials of the unified state examination.

Download Unified State Exam 2020 (Demoverthese, specifications, codifiers)
GERMAN LANGUAGE (8 Mb)
FRENCH LANGUAGE (7.5 Mb)
SPANISH LANGUAGE (7.8 Mb)
CHINESE LANGUAGE (7.3 Mb)
Information about the changes in the KIM USE 2020 (144.1 Kb)
ENGLISH audio (24.8 Mb)
GERMAN audio (24.3 Mb)
FRENCH LANGUAGE audio (8.3 Mb)
SPANISH LANGUAGE audio (26 Mb)
CHINESE audio (16.1 Mb)
Rules for filling out USE forms in 2020 (2.4 Mb)
RUSSIAN LANGUAGE (3.3 Mb)
MATH (5.7 Mb)
PHYSICS (3.6 Mb)
CHEMISTRY (3.8 Mb)
INFORMATICS and ICT (5.1 Mb)
BIOLOGY (5.2 Mb)
HISTORY (6.6 Mb)
GEOGRAPHY (6.5 Mb)
SOCIETY (3.7 Mb)
LITERATURE (3.4 Mb)
ENGLISH LANGUAGE (8 Mb)

Download Unified State Exam 2019 (Demos, specifications, codifiers):
Information about the changes in the KIM USE 2019 (271.1 Kb)
BIOLOGY (2.9 Mb)
GEOGRAPHY (5.8 Mb)
INFORMATICS and ICT (1.7 Mb)
HISTORY (4.8 Mb)
LITERATURE (1.6 Mb)
MATH (3.4 Mb)
SOCIETY (2.3 Mb)
RUSSIAN LANGUAGE (1.9 Mb)
PHYSICS (2.2 Mb)
CHEMISTRY (2.5 Mb)
ENGLISH LANGUAGE (29.4 Mb)
GERMAN LANGUAGE (27.7 Mb)
SPANISH LANGUAGE (33.1 Mb)
FRENCH LANGUAGE (30.1 Mb)
CHINESE LANGUAGE (16.9 Mb)

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OGE
The documents that determine the content of control measuring materials of the main state examination (OGE) are presented:
- codifiers of content elements and requirements for the level of training of students who have mastered the basic general education programs of basic general education;
- specifications of control measuring materials for conducting the main state exam in general education subjects of students who have mastered the main general education programs of basic general education;
- Demonstration options of control measuring materials for the main state exam in general education subjects of students who have mastered the basic general education programs of basic general education.

Download OGE 2020(Demos, specifications, codifiers)