The verb Come: verb forms, pronunciation, use with prepositions. The verb to come in English and its meanings Irregular form of the verb come

In the past tense, the verb after any pronoun comes in the same form - with the ending - ed - or completely changes its shape. In the first case, we are dealing with regular verbs whose endings - ed . In the second case, we are faced with irregular verbs.

You cannot add to them - E.D. , because in the past tense these verbs change completely.

This is exactly what we are seeing with do. It's not in the past tense done (as it should be according to the rule), and did , because do - This irregular verb.

So how do you determine whether a verb is regular or not?

A little “female” logic will help us here: you just need to learn the table of irregular verbs and their translation. Those not on this list are correct. But the catch is that there are about 200 irregular verbs! And multiply this number by 3 (an irregular verb has 3 forms: one is the present tense, the second is the past tense, the third is the participle). However, the list of necessary everyday life verbs are not so extensive - almost 2 times less. You need to know them first of all.

How to remember irregular verbs?

Repeat out loud 3 forms of each verb, so they are perfectly remembered - like a rhyme! Or print out a book to quickly memorize irregular verbs ().

Table of irregular verbs with translations

Table. Irregular verbs with translation

Present tense	Past tense	Communion	Translation
1. awake	awoke	awoken	wake up
2.be	was, were	been	be
3. beat	beat	beaten	beat
4. become	became	become	become
5.begin	began	begun	start off
6. bend	bent	bent	bend over, bend over
7. bite	bit	bitten	bite
8.blow	blew	blown	blow
9. break	broke	broken	break
10. bring	brought	brought	bring
11.broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	broadcast
12. build	built	built	build
13. burn	burned/burnt	burned/burnt	burn, burn
14.buy	bought	bought	buy
15.catch	caught	caught	catch
16. choose	chose	chosen	choose
17. come	came	come	come
18. cost	cost	cost	cost
19.cut	cut	cut	cut
20.dig	dug	dug	dig
21. do	did	done	do
22.draw	drew	drawn	1. draw 2. pull
23. dreams	dreamed/dreamt	dreamed/dreamt	dream
24. drive	drove	driven	manage
25.drink	drank	drunk	drink
26. eat	ate	eaten	There is
27. fall	fell	fallen	fall
28.feel	felt	felt	feel
29. fight	fought	fought	fight
30.find	found	found	find
31.fly	flew	flown	fly
32. forget	forgot	forgotten	forget
33.forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive
34. freeze	froze	frozen	freeze
35.get	got	gotten	receive
36.give	gave	given	give
37.go	went	gone	go
38.grow	grew	grown	grow
39.hang	hung	hung	hang
40. have	had	had	possess, have
41. hear	heard	heard	hear
42.hide	hid	hidden	hide
43. hit	hit	hit	hit
44. hold	held	held	hold
45. hurt	hurt	hurt	hurt
46. ​​keep	kept	kept	keep
47. know	knew	known	know
48. lay	laid	laid	put
49.lead	led	led	lead
50. learn	learned/learnt	learned/learnt	learn
51. leave	left	left	leave
52.lend	tape	tape	lend
53.let	let	let	let
54.lie	lay	lain	lie
55. lose	lost	lost	lose
56. make	made	made	do
57. mean	meant	meant	mean
58. meet	met	met	meet
59.pay	paid	paid	pay
60. put	put	put	put
61. read	read	read	read
62. ride	rode	ridden	ride a horse
63. ring	rank	rung	call
64.rise	rose	risen	get up
65. run	ran	run	run
66. say	said	said	say
67. see	saw	seen	see
68. sell	sold	sold	sell
69. send	sent	sent	send
70. show	showed	showed/shown	show
71.shut	shut	shut	close
72. sing	sang	sung	sing
73. sit	sat	sat	sit
74. sleep	slept	slept	sleep
75.speak	spoke	spoken	talk
76. spend	spent	spent	spend
77.stand	stood	stood	stand
78. swim	swam	swum	swim
79. take	took	taken	take
80. teach	taught	taught	teach
81.tear	tore	torn	tear
82. tell	told	told	tell
83. think	thought	thought	think
84.throw	threw	thrown	throw
85. understand	understood	understood	understand
86.wake	woke up	woken	wake up
87. wear	wore	worn	wear
88. win	won	won	win
89. write	wrote	written	write

In order to express several different actions, sometimes there is no need to use many verbs, since many of them are capable of conveying different shades and states, usually expressed by prepositions. One of these words is the irregular verb come, which is one of the most common lexical units that display action. Accordingly, the forms of the verb come, as well as the maximum possible shades with it, need to be considered in more detail.

Basic characteristics of the verb

Numerous examples of expressions with come prove that this word is capable of expressing not only its main meaning - “to come, to come” - but also many others.

This structure is pronounced simply: the pronunciation of both main varieties of English (British and American) in this case is the same. The transcription will be as follows: .

This form has no modal shades, but as for the phrasal meaning, here you can find a lot of translation options, and most cases will have nothing to do with each other:

• Why did he decide to come out? –Why He decided publicly speak?
• Don't try to come up with an idea, just follow the instructions attached –Not try come up with new idea, Just follow attached instructions

Temporal verb forms

The conjugation of this verb is characterized by non-standard formation of forms; Other irregular verbs have the same feature. As in most other situations, the second and 3rd forms will not coincide, and the 3rd form of the verb is characterized by duplication of the first. More simply, you can display the entire circuit like this: come – came – come.

It is logical to assume that this action word has three main time frames: Present, Past and Future. It is worth noting that there is no special structure for the future tense; the form will remain first. The past tense forms the 2nd form of the verb – came:

• He came late yesterday, which was strange enough –Yesterday He came late, What was enough Weird
• They came last week, and tomorrow they are returning home– They arrived last week and tomorrow they plan to return home

• Has he already come along with us? –He already agreed With us?

In addition, there is also long-term verb form come, which is formed by adding the ending –ing:

• Is aunty coming with us? –Auntie coming With us?
• Don't open the door, they're coming – Not open door, They are coming

Interrogative sentences

This verb does not have the ability to act as an auxiliary, it can only be independent. Consequently, the rule for forming a question does not provide for the placement of this verb in the first place, as is the case with auxiliary verbs or modals. In such sentences it will come after the subject, and the first place will be taken by either an auxiliary or an additional question word:

• Did you come across him in that center? –You came across on him V volume center?
• Why has Jake come? No one has invited him –Why came Jake? Nobody invited him

Negative sentences

The situation with denial is the same as with questions. Due to the fact that this lexical unit does not have an auxiliary meaning, simply adding the particle not to it will not work. In order to correctly compose a negative sentence, you need to use a suitable auxiliary verb, adding not to it:

• He didn't’ t come over us as he had a lot to do with his job– He didn’t join us because he had a lot of work-related things to do.
• Susie will not come , I suppose, so we can start without her- I guess Susie won't come, so we can start without her.

Like Phrasal verb

As already mentioned, the verb come can be part of the set set expressions. Being a full-fledged phrasal verb, this structure takes on different meanings and translations depending on the preposition that is adjacent to it. Among the popular sustainable designs with this word are the following:

All these specific features make this verb a special verb with many possible meanings and the ability to be used in a wide variety of tense forms. Knowing these nuances will help you diversify your speech with various set expressions and get as close as possible to the level of a native speaker.

In today's material we will look at the phrasal verb come. This is an irregular verb, that is, the formation of the past tense of the II and III forms of the verb does not occur according to the usual rules, when the ending -ed is added to the word, but is formed according to special rules that need to be known by heart - come - came - come. The main meaning of the verb come is come, arrive, arrive.

• We are closed, come tomorrow. - We are closed come Tomorrow.

But depending on the context, it can acquire variable shades of meaning, the translation of which cannot be translated by an online dictionary.

Join

• We'll go for a walk. Do you want t o come ? - We're going for a walk. Want join?

Reach, take a position

• If Alex comes first, he‘ ll win a grand for study. – If Alex will take first place (comes first), he will win a training grant.

To be a consequence, to attack(after something)

• The rainbow almost always comes after the rain, when it‘ s sunny. – A rainbow almost always appears (comes) after rain, when it is sunny.

To be available, to be available

• The dress comes in red, green and blue. –Dress available V red, green And blue flowers.

get around, stand

• This flat comes much expensive, we can not allow it now. - This apartment it will cost too expensive, we can't afford it now.

In addition, there are more than 30 combinations that produce phrasal verbs with adverbs and prepositions, and which are capable of taking on the most unexpected meanings. Exercises will help you determine the specific meaning of the phrase.

Phrasal verb come is one of the most difficult to study, because, depending on the verbal environment, it can take on a lot of meanings: from get sick(come down with ) to come up with anything ( come up with ).

Let's look at the most popular combinations of “verb+” adverb" and "verb + pretext”, which will help you learn to understand your interlocutor when communicating. Next, do strengthening exercises.

COME ABOUT

To appear, to arise

• The idea traveling around the world came about when I saw the beauty of the nature of my own country. –Idea travel around peace arose , When I saw beauty nature own countries.

COME ACROSS

Accidentally meet, stumble upon

• I came across this book by chance, but it changed all my life. –I accidentally came across on this book, But she changed all mine life.

To be understood, to be perceived

• It was very difficult to come across his mind. –Was Very difficult his understand .

To make an impression, to appear

• He comes across as handsome and kind man, but it‘ s just a mask which hides his true face. - He Seems cute and kind person, but this is just a mask that hides his true face.

convey, express(thoughts, ideas)

• Can you come across clearer? –You you can express yourself clearer?
• I don't always come across with consistency.– I don’t always express my thoughts consistently.

Fork out, be generous

In this sense phrasal verbs come + across used colloquially when talking about money.

• Do you want this dress? Come across! You can't deprive yourself of such pleasure. –You Want This dress? Fork out ! You can't deprive yourself of such pleasure.

COME AFTER

Ppursue

• The murderer came across him from the station, waiting a perfect moment to attack. –Murderer pursued his from stations, waiting ideal moment For attacks.

COME ALONG

Accompany someone , keep company

• I‘ m going to meet with Tim, come along with me. - I'm going to meet Tim, make up to me company.

get better, get better

• Doctor said that I come along , so I can get back to work. - The doctor said that I I'm getting better, so I can get back to work.

The verb is used colloquially to mean good, stop, that's enough.

• Oh, come along! – Enough for you.

COME APART

Rcollapse, fall apart

• The house came apart at the seams. –House was falling apart on eyes.

COME AROUND

Come in, come in

• Next week I‘ ll be in London and try to come around to Susan. - I'll be in London next week and try stop by to Susan.

advance, happen

• The day of wedding came around so quickly, that I even had not time to recognize my decision. –Day weddings arrived So fast, What I even Not managed realize yours solution.

Change your mind

• John came around after conversation with Sally. –John changed solution after conversation With Sally.

synonym: change one's mind

The phrasal verb come around is also used in maritime vocabulary to mean “ turn right." In the modified form come round/ to is used to mean come to life(after fainting, illness).

• Katy couldn't‘ t came round after Harry‘ s death for a long time. – Katie couldn’t for a long time come to your senses after Harry's death.

COME BACK

Come back

• Come back soon, I‘ ll miss you. – Come back rather, I will miss you.

COME BETWEEN

Interfere(about relationships)

Never come between lovers, you‘ ll be bad anyway. - Never interfere in a relationship between lovers, you will be bad in any case.

COME BY

Get it

• Don‘ t you know where the cheapest tickets come by ? – You don’t know where you can get it cheapest tickets?

Come in

The meaning came from the design-Americanism. More used in conversational form. Can be used as a synonym for come around.

• I made cakes by mom's recipe. Would you like come by ? – I baked cupcakes according to my mother’s recipe. Don't want to come in?

COME DOWN

Get down(from the top floor, tree, mountain)

• Kids, come down. The dinner is waiting for you. –Children, come down . Dinner is waiting for you.

decrease

• I always buy shoes at the end of the season when the prices come down. – I Always I'm buying shoes V end season, When prices decrease .

Fall

• The old tree came down from wind in the central square, but no one hurts. – Old tree fell from the wind in the central square, but no one was injured.

COME DOWN WITH

Zget sick

• Many children came down with flu this autumn. –Many children got sick flu this in autumn.

COME DOWN ON

Criticize, condemn

• Don't dare come down on me! –Not dare condemn me!

COME FORWARD

Intercede, protect, give information

• He asked about help, but nobody wanted to come forward . – He asked for help, but no one wanted speak up in defense.

COME FROM

To occur, to be born

• Nick comes from Greece. – Nick originally from from Greece.

COME IN

Login

• Come in and take your sit. –Come in and take your place.

Come in power

• They came in to develop our company. - They came to power to develop the company.

COME OF

To be a result, to follow from something

• Don't give up. I think something good will come of it. - Don't give up. I think from this it will work out something good.

COME OFF

Peel off, fall off

• It's time to change the wallpaper. It comes off . - It's time to change the wallpaper. They peel off.

COME ON

To advance, to approach

• The winter comes on. We must think how to pay for the flat. –Winter approaching . We have to think about how to pay for the apartment.

Move forward, make progress

• How does the work on your thesis coming on? – How progressing Job over yours dissertation?

Also a combination Come on! used colloquially to mean come on, do it, decide, quickly etc.

COME OUT

Go out, go out, be in public

• I'll be soon. I'm come out. – I soon will. I I'm going out.

Go out, realize yourself, publish(about a book, TV series, album)

• I’m waiting when the new season “Game of Thrones” comes out. – I I am waiting, When will come out new season « Games thrones».

COME OVER

Leave, move(to another country)

• Maggie came over to Italy many years ago. –Maggie moved V Italy many years that.

To be perceived, to make an impression

• No one could came over him what he was. - No one could perceive him the way he was.

COME THROUGH

endure, endure, pass(through something)

• She came through the loss and disappointment, how could she believe in the light future after that? –She survived losses And disappointment, How she could believe V light future after this?

COME TOGETHER

Unite

• The best way to get a win – come together. – Best way win – unite .

COME UP

Rise, increase

• The world ocean level is coming up because of global warming. –World sea level rises due to global warming.

Rise, stand on your feet

• He came up very quickly. –He got up very quickly.

Be mentioned

• Dr. Smith, it’s honor for us to meet you. We came up about your works yesterday. – Dr. Smith, it is an honor for us to meet with you. We mentioned your work yesterday.

Approach(about the event)

• The storm is coming up. We need to hurry up. –Storm approaching . We need to hurry up.

COME UP AGAINST

confront, confront

• When it seems that you come up against with insuperable difficulties, remember the way that you already went through. It‘ ll help you to find strength. – When it seems that you collided with insurmountable obstacles, remember what you have already been through. This will help you find strength.

COME UP WITH

Come up with(something)

• Good job, Den! You come up with a great idea. –good Job, Dan! You filed great idea.

COME UNDER

Be exposed to(attack, criticism, pressure)

• All our actions come under cruel criticism of jealous people. - All our actions are exposed harsh criticism from envious people.

Today in our article we will introduce you to one multifunctional word: came (come). This verb has different forms depending on tense, is used in a variety of phrasal structures and deserves our close attention.

General concept of a verb

First of all, it is necessary to describe its main qualities as a simple semantic verb that performs the function of a predicate in a sentence. How semantic verb come is translated “to come, to arrive,” but this is not the entire list of possible options. So you can see how different the translation can be of this word in the sentence, we offer several examples:

• He comes here every day. - He comes here every day.
• I will come in 2 days. - I I'll come in 2 days.
• She came to some unknown organization. - She entered to an unknown organization.
• It always comes in the night. - It always appears at night.
• This dress comes to your bag. - This is a dress fits to your purse.

Came (come) is an irregular verb, but for those learning English, it means a lot. This means that when forming temporary formulas, he uses his own forms, and does not obey the general rule. So, in the table where all such words are entered, three options are given: come-came-come.

• I came here yesterday. - I came here yesterday.

By type, this verb is weak. Thus, when forming negative and interrogative sentences, he needs the help of auxiliary verbs. Depending on the time, the do, does or did assistants are selected.

• They didn't come to the party. - They didn't come to the party.
• When does Ben come to work? - When does Ben come to work?

In addition to performing a simple semantic function, this verb can be used as part of a phrase. There are many set expressions in which we observe its presence, and the translation of these sentences does not always coincide with the main meaning.

• Please, come back and I will forgive you. - Please come back and I will forgive you.

Temporal forms of the verb come with examples

IN English There are four different groups of tenses:

• indefinite - Indefinite,
• long - Continuous,
• completed - Perfect,
• completed continuous - Perfect Continuous.

As already mentioned, the came/come form also changes depending on time. The verb is modified according to the following formulas:

Group/time	Present	Past
Uncertain
Long-term	am/is/are coming
Completed
Completed continuous	have/has been coming		will have been coming

Each of the formulas is applied strictly according to the rules for forming tenses:

• I come here every Tuesday. - I come here every Tuesday.
• We came here every Tuesday. - We came here every Tuesday.
• We will come here every Tuesday. - We will come here every Tuesday.
• At the moment she is going inside. - She is coming in at this moment.
• At that moment she went inside. - She was coming in at that moment.
• At 5 o'clock she will go inside. - She will be coming in at 5.
• They've already arrived. - They have already come.
• His parents arrived before he left. - The parents had come before he left.
• We will arrive at that moment. - We will have come by that moment.
• Despite his efforts, we did not come to an agreement for a long time. - In spite of his efforts we have been coming to agreement for a long time.
• At ten o'clock we had already done long haul to your destination. - At 10 o’clock we had been coming a long way to destination.
• By 5 o'clock he will have already returned to work twice, as he constantly forgets something. - By 5 o’clock he will already have been coming back to work twice for he constantly forgets something.

Set phrases

As a phrasal verb, come is part of many expressions. Among the most common:

• “... about” - to arise;
• “... across” - meet, collide;
• “... along” - go together;
• “... back” - return;
• “... down” - fall, get sick;
• “... forward” - to speak out in defense;
• “... from” - to be from;
• “... in” - to enter;
• “... on” - begin, happen;
• “... out” - appear, etc.

For example: I often come across him in the library. - I often meet him in the library.

Cam/come verb training

The verb is best trained in exercises such as:

• Insert the desired form of the verb (He ... to the cinema in time).
• Insert the appropriate preposition of the phrasal verb (They often ... ... with difficulties).
• Translate into English (You came too late today).

There are many exercises for practicing English verbs, you just need to have the desire to learn. To practice phrasal verbs, it is optimal to use translation sentences. Here is an example of such sentences:

• We let's move on street only when the light is green.
• He always should behind us.
• He should appear before the court.
• Great wine it worked from this grape variety.
• We came out from home on time.
• Scream broke out from his chest.
• What is this found at him?
• Not turn around the corner, but go straight.
• It is forbidden hit under someone else's influence.
• I came across for interesting information.
• And here suddenly at her attacked fear.
• This is all is happening not with me.
• What a pity that everything fell apart into pieces.
• Never again come back.
• Don't worry, that's it will pass.

Despite such different translation options into Russian, all sentences use the same verb come, but with different prepositions and adverbs.