Three forms of haben. Sein and haben - German online - Start Deutsch

In this lesson we will look at the most important German verbs: haben and sein. It is with these verbs that you need to start learning German. Why these verbs are so important and where they are used, seelesson from Start Deutsch:

After watching the lesson, read presentation again and learn all the unfamiliar phrases:

Phrases You can print and memorize:

Ich habe ein Buch - I have a book

Du hast Fieber - You have a fever

Sie hateinen Hund - She has a dog

Wir haben Hunger - We are hungry

Ihr habtdie Wahl - You have a choice

Sie haben Fragen - They have questions

Sie haben Ideen - Do you have ideas?

Ich bin Anna - I am Anna

Du bist gesund - You are healthy

Es ist kalt - Cold

Der Tisch ist groß - Large table

Wir sind Studenten - We are students

Ihr seid sehr klug - You are very smart

Sie sind hier - They are here

Conjugation table for haben and sein. Print it out or copy it down and memorize it!

Exercises

1. Complete interactive exercises:

2. Do exercises to conjugate the verb sein:

Exercises on sein.pdf

3. Do the "Pets" exercise start, and the exercise will begin.

4. Do the exercise "Dimensions". In the window that appears, click the word at the top right start, and the exercise will begin.

5. Do the exercise "Colors". In the window that appears, click the word at the top right start, and the exercise will begin.

6. Complete the exercise "Describing Pets". In the window that appears, click the word at the top right start, and the exercise will begin.

Lyrics of the song:

Hast du ein Tier? - Do you have a pet?
Ja, ich habe ein Tier. - Yes, I have a pet.
Und was für ein Tier? - And what kind of animal?
Ich habe einen Hund. - I have a dog.

Und wie heißt dein Hund? - And what is your dog’s name?
Rufus heißt mein Hund. - Rufus is my dog's name.
Und wie alt ist dein Hund? - And how old is your dog?
Er ist sieben Jahre alt. - He is 7 years old.

Hat dein Hund Federn? - Does your dog have feathers?
Nein! Er hat keine Federn! - No! He has no feathers!
Keine Schuppen? Keinen Panzer? - No scales? No shell?
Nein! Er hat (ein) Fell. - No! He has fur.

Ist er klein oder groß? - Is it small or big?
Mein Hund ist sehr groß! - My dog is very big!
Dein Hund ist sehr groß? - Is your dog very big?
Ja, genau wie ich. - Yes, the same as me.

Und ist er braun oder schwarz? - Is it brown or black?
Mein Hund ist ganz schwarz. - My dog is completely black.
Seine Ohren sind auch schwarz? - Are his ears black too?
Ja! Er ist ein schwarzer Hund. - Yes! He's a black dog.

The German verb HABEN (to have, possess, possess) is one of the three most common verbs in the German language, which is not only used as a semantic verb, but is also widely used as an auxiliary verb to form various grammatical constructions, in particular complex tenses. verb forms. The verb HABEN is one of the irregular, irregular verbs that undergo strong changes in the formation of the three main verb forms and when changing in number and person. The conjugation of the verb HABEN must be learned first, because its use in speech is extremely wide.

Healthy:

Verb HABEN, conjugation inPrä sensAndImperfect

Singular, 1st-3rd person			Plural, 1st-3rd person

When used in its usual meaning of “to have, possess, own,” the verb HABEN requires the addition of a (direct) object after itself, which answers the question “what?” or “who?”, and, accordingly, is transitive. In this case, most often the noun-object to which the action is directed is used with an indefinite article (if it is singular) and without an article (if it is plural). Complex tense forms (past tense Perfekt and Plusquamperfekt) are formed by the semantic verb HABEN with the verb HABEN, which acts as an auxiliary. For example:

Was die Gartentechnik anbetrifft, so habe ich einen leistungsstarken Rasentrimmer und einen Holzspalter. – As for gardening equipment, I have (= have) a powerful lawn mower and an electric firewood splitter. (Both direct objects controlled by the verbHABEN, stand with the indefinite article).
Unsere Nachbaren haben Kaninchen und Hü hner, die sie zusammen halten. – Our neighbors have (= have) rabbits and chickens, which they keep together. (Direct objects in the plural come after the verbHABENwith zero article = without article).
Solch eine Gusspfanne habe ich vor einigen Jahren gehabt . Sie war hervorragend. – I had (= had) such a cast-iron frying pan several years ago. She was great. (FormPerfectformed by a semantic verbHABENusing an auxiliary verbHABEN).

Due to the fact that the verbHABEN, used in its main meaning, requires the use of an addition after itself, then in the presence of negation in such sentences one can very often find the negative pronoun “kein”, which takes either the place of the indefinite or the place of the zero article.

Wenn man dich um etwas bittet, hast du immer keine Zeit. – If you are asked for something, you never have (= do not have) time. (In this sentence, the negative pronoun replaces the indefinite article because it negates a singular noun.)
Dieser komische Mann hat keine Bü cher, keine Zeitschriften und keine Zeitungen zu House. – This strange man has no books, no magazines and no newspapers at home. (In this sentence, the negative pronoun replaces the zero article because it negates plural nouns.)

The use of the verb HABEN in its conjugated form is not limited to the two cases described above - as the main one and as an auxiliary one. It can also be used to express an obligation, that is, it is used to replace constructions with verbs that have a modal meaning - müssen and sollen. This meaning is conveyed through the use of the construction “Verb HABEN (in conjugated form) + zu + Infinitiv”. For example:

Heute bleibt er etwas lä nger im Bü ro, weil er night viele Sachen zu erledigen hat . – Today he will stay a little longer in the office because he still has a lot of things to do.

In German, the present tense (Präsens) is conjugated incorrectly. Please note that when conjugating a verb haben in the 2nd and 3rd person singular root vowel b falls out.

Verb conjugations haben in Präsens you need to learn.

*In verb haben The sound [a] in the 2nd and 3rd person singular is read briefly, in all other persons it is read long.

Remember that after the verb haben nouns are used in Akkusativ, as a rule, with an indefinite article. The construction Ich habe, du hast... is translated I have it, you have it, For example:

Sie hat einen Bruder und eine Schwester. She has a brother and a sister.

In sentences with a verb haben in meaning have verb haben unstressed. The direct object is under the main stress, and the subject is under the secondary stress if it is expressed by a noun.

Exercises

1. a) conjugate the following sentences with the verb haben in Präsens.

Ich habe eine ‘Tochter und einen ‘Sohn.

b) Read the following sentences with the verb haben out loud, translate the sentences into Russian.

1. Hat er diese Karte? - Ja, er hat diese Karte.
2. Hast du einen Text? - Ja, ich habe einen Text.
3. Haben sie (they) ein Kind? - Ja, sie haben eine Tochter.
4. Habt ihr eine Wohnung? - Ja, wir haben eine Wohnung.

2. Sentences must be supplemented with nouns that are given below the line; they must be placed in Akkusativ.

1. Meine Schwester hat….
2. Wir haben….
3. Mein Bruder hat… .
4. Sie hat….
5. Diese Aspiranten haben… .

___________________________________________

eine Tante, ein Sohn, ein Sohn, dieses Buch, diese Wohnung

3. Read the following sentences, answer the questions in the affirmative, use the verb haben in your answers. Don't forget to put the noun in Akkusativ.

For example: Sie haben eine Schwester. Und Sie?
Ich habe auch eine Schwester.

1. Meine Schwester hat eine Tochter. Und Sie?
2. Mein Vater hat ein Auto. Und du?
3. Mein Kollege hat ein Zimmer. Und Sie?
4. Diese Frau hat eine Tante. Und du?

4. Give affirmative answers to the questions; you need to change the possessive pronoun accordingly.

For example: - Hat deine Schwester einen Sohn?
- Ja, meine Schwester hat einen Sohn.

1. Hat Ihre Tante ein Kind?
2. Hat Ihr Kollege eine Tochter?
3. Hat Ihre Mutter einen Bruder?
4. Hat Ihr Kollege eine Tante?
5. Hat Ihr Sohn einen Freund?

5. How would you phrase your question to get the following answer? You need to remember what the word order is in a question sentence without a question word.

Sample: - Ja, ich habe ein Buch. - Hast du ein Buch?

1. Ja, sie (they) haben ein Heft.
2. Ja, sie hat ein Rind.
3. Ja, meine Schwester hat eine Tochter.
4. Ja, mein Freund hat eine Karte.
5. Ja, das Mädchen hat einen Bruder und eine Schwester.

6. Translate the sentences into German.

1. Does your friend have a son? - Yes, he has a son.
2. Does he have a daughter? - Yes, he has a daughter.
3. Does he have a child? - Yes, he has a child.
4. Do they have a mother? – Yes, they have a father and a mother.
5. Do you have a notebook? - Yes, I have a book and notebook.
6. Do you have a child? - Yes, we have a child.

More about verb conjugation in Präsens and

The most common verbs in the German language include the verbs “haben - to dispose, to have at disposal” and “sein - to exist, to be, to be”. The peculiarity of these verbs is that when used in German speech they do not necessarily carry a semantic load. In addition to being used in their usual lexical meaning, they are used as auxiliary verbs, which serve in German to form tense forms of the verb and other constructions. In this case, they do not have their usual dictionary meaning, and the lexical meaning is conveyed by the semantic verb with which they form the corresponding grammatical construction.

Choosing a verb as an auxiliary: HABENor SEIN

Choice HABEN	SEIN selection
1. For intransitive verbs that do not denote any movement in space or time, movement or transition from one state to another	1. For intransitive verbs that denote any movement in space, movement
2. For verbs that denote a long-term, time-extended state	2. For intransitive verbs that denote a transition from one state to another
3. For transitive verbs, which, accordingly, require a direct object in the accusative case after themselves *	3. The verb SEIN itself in its usual lexical meaning “to be, to be, to exist”
4. For reflexive verbs that are used with the particle sich and denote focus (return) on the character (subject)	4. For a number of verbs that always form tense forms with SEIN and which need to be remembered: “become - werden”, “succeed - gelingen”, “meet - begegnen”, “stay - bleiben”, “happen, occur - passieren, geschehen »
5. For modal verbs: “must = be obliged to smth. do – sollen”, “must = be forced to sth. to do - müssen", "to want, to like, to love - möchten", "to desire, to want - wollen", "to have the right, permission to do something, to be able - dürfen", "to be able, to be able, to be able - können"
6. For impersonal verbs used in impersonal sentences and denoting various natural phenomena (precipitation, etc.).
7. The verb HABEN itself in its usual lexical meaning “to have, possess, own”

* Here it is very important to always take into account the fact that the transitivity/intransitivity property of Russian and German verbs when translated within a given language pair does not coincide in all cases, so you should always check (if you are not sure) the control of the verb in the dictionary.

Consider the choice and use of verbs HABENor SEIN as auxiliary examples. All examples are given in the indicative mood.

HABEN

(1) Nach der Gesellschafterversammlung hat er sich ganz schnell von seinen Kollegen verabschiedet. — After the meeting of the founders, he very quickly said goodbye to his colleagues. (Here we have an intransitive verb, in its semantics, which has nothing to do with movement or movement, so the Perfekt form is formed using “haben”).

(2) Gestern hatte er über drei Stunden am Nachmittag Geschlafen, was ihn wieder gesund und munter machte. “Yesterday he slept for more than three hours in the afternoon, which made him healthy and vigorous again. (The continuous state verb is used in Plusquamperfekt with “haben”).

(3) Anlässlich unseres letzten Aufenthaltes in Holland haben wir endlich unsere Freunde in Amsterdam be sucht und ihre Kinder kennengelern. – During our last stay in Holland, we finally visited our friends in Amsterdam and met their children. (Both verbs are transitive and form the perfect form with "haben").

(4) Dein Sohn hatsich immer sämtlichen Forderungen der Erwachsenen und allen möglichen festgelegten Regeln widersetzt. - Your son always resisted and did not comply with all the demands of adults and all sorts of strictly established rules. (The choice of the verb “haben” to form the Perfect form is due to the reflexivity of the semantic verb).

(5) Ehrlich gesagt ist es immer mein Wunschbuch gewesen. Ich habe aber immer gewollt es zu lesen und nie gelesen. – To be honest, I always dreamed of this book. However, I always wanted to read it and never did. (The modal verb forms perfect with “haben”).

(6) Erinnerst du dich an den Tag im Juni 1978, an welchem es richtig geschneit hat? - Do you remember that day in June 1978 when it really snowed? (“Haben” is chosen as the auxiliary verb to form the Perfect form, since we are dealing with an impersonal verb here).

(7) Ich habe nie ein eigenes Zimmer gehabt. – I have never had my own room. (The semantic verb “haben” forms a Perfect with the auxiliary verb “haben”).

SEIN

(1) In diese gemütliche Dreizimmerwohnung sind wir vor drei Jahren eingezogen. “We moved into this cozy three-room apartment three years ago. (The verb of motion forms the Perfect form with "sein").

(2) Am Ende dieses sehr schönen und eblebnisvollen Tages ist das Kind sofort eingeschlafen. – At the end of this wonderful and very eventful day, the child immediately fell asleep. (The choice of the verb “sein” to form the Perfect form is determined by the semantics of the semantic verb, which conveys the transition from one state to another).

(3) Sie haben mich mit jemandem verwechselt. Vorgestern war ich hier nicht gewesen. (Plusquamperfekt of the verb “sein” requires it as an auxiliary verb).

(4) A) Das ist unbegreiflich, dass uns so was passiert ist. “It’s inconceivable that something like this could happen to us.” (One of those verbs that always forms Perfect and Plusquamperfekt with the verb “sein”).

b) Gestern ist es dir richtig gut gelungen, alle unangenehmen Fragen ausweichend zu beantworten. – Yesterday you really successfully managed to avoid direct answers to all the unpleasant questions. (This verb always requires "sein" as an auxiliary).

V) Seine Schwester hatte das unangenehme Gefühl, dass ihr jemand ständig gefolgtwar. – His sister had an unpleasant feeling that someone was constantly watching her = someone was constantly chasing her. (With this verb, “sein” is always used as an auxiliary).

G) Dieser Junge ist mutterseelenallein geblieben, als er noch ganz klein war. “This boy was left alone in this world when he was still very small. (With this verb, “sein” is always used as an auxiliary).

d) In der Schwimmhalle war sie zufällig ihrer alten Schulfreundin begegnet. — In the pool she accidentally met her old school friend. (With this verb, “sein” is always used as an auxiliary).

e) Was nothing geschehenist, ist nothing geschehen. -What didn’t happen didn’t happen. (With this verb, “sein” is always used as an auxiliary).

The German language has a number of verbs that have several different meanings depending on their use in a particular context. The meaning that a verb conveys in a particular situation may determine whether it has certain qualities (for example, transitivity/intransitivity), and, accordingly, various auxiliary verbs will be selected to form tense forms. For example:

So ein schönes und modernes Auto bin ich noch nie gefahren. “I have never driven such a magnificent modern car before.” (In this case we have an intransitive verb of movement, since it is used in the meaning of “to go”; accordingly, “sein” is chosen for the Perfect form).

Step 5 – two of the most important and most commonly used words in the German language: the verbs haben and sein.
haben- have
sein- be

The conjugation of these two verbs is different from the others. Therefore, you just need to remember them.

haben

ich	habe	wir	haben
du	hast	ihr	habt
er/sie/es	hat	Sie/sie	haben

sein

ich	bin	wir	sind
du	bist	ihr	seid
er/sie/es	ist	Sie/sie	sind

It's interesting that verbs haben And sein are used in German much more often than in Russian. There is no verb in the sentence “I am Russian” - we simply don’t say it. In German, all sentences have a verb, so this sentence sounds like this: Ich bin Russe. (I am Russian).

Another example. In Russian we say “I have a car.” The Germans formulate this phrase differently - “Ich habe ein Auto” (I have a car). That is why these verbs are the most common in the German language.

Here are two fun videos to help you remember these verbs faster:

Verbs haben and sein: examples

The most popular phrases with sein:

Wie alt bist du? — How old are you?
Ich bin 20 Jahre alt. — I am 20 years old.

Wer best du? — Who are you?
Ich bin Elena (=Ich heiße Elena). — I'm Elena.
Wer sind Sie? — Who you are?
Ich bin Frau Krause. — I'm Frau Krause.
Wo seid ihr? — Where are you?
Wir sind jetzt in Paris. — We are in Paris.
Was it das? — What is this?
Das ist eine Yogamatte. — This is a yoga mat.

Examples with haben:

Wieviel Glaser hast du? — How many glasses do you have?
Ich habe zwei Glaser. — I have two glasses.
Woher hast du das? — Where did you get this from?
Was it du? — What do you have?
Ich habe Brot, Käse und Wurst. — I have bread, cheese and sausage.
Hat er Milch zu Hause? — Does he have milk at home?
Ja, er hat. — Yes, I have.
Wie viel Teller har er? — How many plates does he have?
Er hat 10 Teller. — He has 10 plates.