Pioneer heroes: Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Vasya Korobko, from the book "Eaglets of Partisan Forests" (3 photos) Pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War
On March 31 of this year, Vasily Ivanovich Korobko, hero of the Great Patriotic War, partisan, would have turned ninety years old. But, unfortunately, the “would” particle in this case leaves no hope. Vasya did not become Vasily Ivanovich, but died the day after he turned seventeen.
Vasya was born in the Chernigov region, in a small village with the sad name Pogoreltsy (the name was given for a reason, the village once burned down almost to the ground). He grew up as an ordinary boy, neither quiet nor a tomboy.
The war began, the front was approaching his native village. There was still an opportunity to evacuate, but Vasya became stubborn. He insisted that our soldiers would be more needed here. And he was right in his own way.
Our units were retreating, their path ran through the village. A company remained at its edge, covering the retreat of its own. This is where the boy came. They wanted to kick me out, but that was not the case. Vasek turned out to be an indispensable assistant, nimble and dexterous. He brought ammunition and did not even seem to get tired.
...Our people are gone. Enemy planes were circling over the village more and more often. And one day Vasya saw an air battle: several “Messers” boarded our plane and shot it down. The car fell outside the village, not far away. Vasya was one of the first to come running: the pilot was alive. The boy dragged him to the nurse's house. Helped with care, carried groceries. And when the pilot (Viktor Petrovich Grigoriev) recovered, he escorted him out of the outskirts at night and said goodbye. As a farewell, the fighter gave the boy a cap.
...The fire victims were occupied by the Nazis. Vasek really wanted to contact the partisans. But for the time being, he didn’t sit idly by, he acted on his own. Alone at night, I sawed down the piles of a rural bridge and pulled out the metal brackets. And unnoticed by anyone, he disappeared. The next morning the whole village was talking about partisan sabotage, thanks to which a fascist armored personnel carrier was disabled.
There is also this fact in Vasya’s biography: the enemies turned the school into their headquarters. And Vasya saved the banner of his pioneer squad from there! After all, the boy himself was a standard bearer in the pre-war period. Who, if not him, should know how precious the banner is? I sat in ambush all day, still waiting for the office where the relic stood to be empty. And he waited! He climbed through the window so quietly that no one noticed. He held a grenade in one hand - in case of failure. But, fortunately, it was not useful...
The time has come - Vasya found his way to the partisan detachment of Alexander Petrovich Balabai. Became a scout. And in order not to arouse suspicion, he got a job with the Nazis as a stoker. He began to work so hard that he not only worked on the stoves, but also cleaned the headquarters every day. Sometimes they saw him with a rag, sometimes with a broom. I brought such cleanliness - dearly! True, he was in no hurry to please his enemies; he kept, so to speak, an impassive face. Like, I just really want to eat, that’s why it works. And when did you have time to pass on information and even put up leaflets? By the way, I installed one right on the door of the commandant’s office. It also helped the boy that he studied German at school and knew many words.
It was thanks to Vasya’s information that the detachment carried out a raid on the enemy in December 1941. More than a hundred fascists were killed that night!
Soon Vasya began to notice that he was being watched. I was preparing to disappear, but didn’t have time. One day he was summoned to the commandant’s office. True, the enemies doubted their guesses, but decided to act. They offered Vasya an exchange: information for life. He takes them to the partisans - they don’t touch him for this. Vasya agreed. The hike was scheduled for the next night; until that moment the boy was locked up. They didn’t realize that Vasya had a lot of information. No wonder he cleaned wherever he could. He knew that these days the police were preparing an ambush. And he guessed that in the dark the Nazis had poor orientation in the area. Two deaths cannot happen, but one cannot be avoided. Dying is such a righteous cause...
As you know, the city takes courage. I took it this time too. In the darkness, the Nazis mistook the policemen for partisans - after all, they spoke Russian. And Vasya safely disappeared at the very beginning of the battle...
There is evidence that this did not happen exactly like that. That the fascists, not yet suspecting Vasya as a partisan, but seeing in him only a hard worker, began to ask whether he knew the area well. And Vasya himself volunteered to lead the punitive forces to the partisans. What actually happened is now unknown. But the result is the same: the boy outwitted his enemies and then disappeared.
Now he lived in a detachment, engaged in subversive activities. The enemies already realized that a partisan was working for them and were looking for Vasya. But to no avail.
...The time has come - both the village of Pogoreltsy and the region were cleared of the enemy. No matter how much Vasily asked to leave with the soldiers, he was not taken. Left at home. An order is an order, you must obey. Only a few weeks later Vasily came to the military registration and enlistment office and asked to go to the front. So I ended up in a sabotage group, which was part of the First Ukrainian Partisan Division. Vasya was already an experienced fighter, he often went on missions and reconnaissance. The front rolled back to the west, and in the Belarusian forests the fascists regrouped forces, preparing to strike. Intelligence was constantly needed. And one task became fatal for Vasya: his group came across enemies that were significantly outnumbered.
The Chelyabinsk memorial in honor of the pioneer heroes on the Scarlet Field (architect T. Filippova) was built during the next reconstruction of the children's park for the 250th anniversary of Chelyabinsk in 1986. It was thoroughly restored in 1999 - the cladding was changed, and the bronze bas-reliefs were replaced with cast iron ones. In total, the square is surrounded by 12 bas-reliefs - of course, in reality there are many more pioneer heroes. It is unknown on what basis exactly these twelve were selected; I personally don’t see any logic here. Nevertheless, in order not to inflate the topic, I will limit myself to only those twelve that are immortalized in the Chelyabinsk memorial. The sculptors - the authors of the bas-reliefs - will be indicated in brackets.
Heroes who died as children - there is a certain sublime tragedy in this, even idealism, which has always attracted attention. I don’t know if this is interesting to today’s youth (I doubt it), but in childhood we read stories about partisans, scouts and saboteurs - fortunately there was a lot of such literature then, especially for children. Later it became interesting - who all these people really were, how different their real story is from the heroic image created by Soviet propaganda? Therefore, whenever possible, when searching for information, I tried to also take into account alternative points of view and, whenever possible, choose lifetime photographs.
In fact, paper tablets with the faces of pioneer heroes surrounded the Chernomor fountain even before the installation of bronze bas-reliefs.
[Photo 1967; from the archive of Andrey Myasnikov]
And in the earlier photo (from the forties and fifties?) some tablets are also visible - I wonder whose portraits were on them?
[Photo from here]
Pavlik Morozov (sculptor A.P. Sulenev)
Perhaps the most controversial person in the entire pantheon is a name that, back in the Soviet years, became a household name, a symbol of an ideological fighter for ideals, who betrayed even his own father for their sake. This is probably why Pavlik’s face - perhaps the only one of all the cast-iron bas-reliefs on the Scarlet Field - is constantly defaced by vandals.
Soviet propaganda traditionally presented Pavlik Morozov as a role model for the younger generation. According to the version of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1974), the future hero was born on November 14, 1918 into a peasant family in the village of Gerasimovka (now Sverdlovsk region). During the period of collectivization, the boy allegedly became an active participant in the fight against the kulaks, organized and led the first pioneer detachment in his native Gerasimovka. Official Soviet history says that at the end of 1931, Pavlik convicted his father Trofim Morozov, then the chairman of the village council, of selling blank forms with a seal to special settlers from among the dispossessed. Based on the testimony of the teenager, Morozov Sr. was sentenced to ten years (according to some sources, five years).
Following this, Pavlik allegedly performed a whole series of “feats”: he reported about bread hidden from a neighbor, accused his aunt’s husband of stealing state grain, and stated that part of the stolen grain was in the possession of his own grandfather, Sergei Sergeevich Morozov. He spoke about the property hidden from confiscation by the same uncle, and actively participated in the actions, looking for hidden goods together with representatives of the village council. According to the official Soviet version, on September 3, 1932, when Pavlik’s mother left the village for a short time, the teenager and his eight-year-old brother Fedya went into the forest where they were killed. The killers, as determined by the investigation, turned out to be Pavlik’s cousin, 19-year-old Danila, and grandfather Sergei Morozov, who was 81 at the time. Pavlik’s grandmother, 79-year-old Ksenia Morozova, was declared an accomplice to the crime, and Pavlik’s uncle, 70-year-old Arseny Kulukanov, was recognized as its organizer. At a show trial in a district club, they were all sentenced to death. Pavlik’s father, Trofim, was also shot, although at that time he was far in the North. They said that he dug a hole for himself before being shot.
After Pavlik’s death, his mother, Tatyana Morozova, received an apartment in Crimea, part of which she rented out to guests, as compensation for her son, who had been raised to heaven by Soviet propaganda. The woman traveled a lot around the country with stories about Pavlik’s feat. Over the years, she developed the habit of speaking about him in terms in which it was customary to speak about a pioneer hero. She died in 1983 in her apartment filled with bronze busts of Pavlik.
The “official” presentation of Pavlik’s exploits for children, in filmstrip format, can be viewed. A lot of things were named after him in the country, in particular in our country - the children's railway station in the Central Park of Culture and Culture.
Kolya Myagotin (sculptor M.I. Kharlamov)
Another fighter against the kulaks during collectivization, this time in the Trans-Urals - a few years ago a monument to him was even erected in Kurgan.
Kolya was an excellent student, actively participated in public life, was a pioneer leader, a member of the academic committee and the editorial board of the school newspaper. In the summer, the young pioneer worked on his native collective farm named after the VIII District Congress. The kulaks tried to destroy the young, not yet strong collective farm: they damaged collective farm equipment, mutilated and stole collective farm livestock. The pioneer Kolya Myagotin began writing about the machinations of the kulaks in the regional newspaper. He reported one of the cases of large-scale kulak theft of collective farm grain to the village council. In October 1932, the kulak Fotei Sychev persuaded the kulak members, hooligans brothers Ivan and Mikhail Vakhrushev, to kill the pioneer. A point-blank shot ended the life of a thirteen-year-old pioneer forever.
However, over the course of 76 years, the case of the murder of Kolya Myagotin was twice protested by the General Prosecutor's Office and twice considered in the Supreme Court. As a result, the picture of what happened turned out to be somewhat different from what was described in the books.
Kolya did not expose any thieves of collective farm grain; on the contrary, he himself made a living by stealing sunflower seeds from the collective farm field. He was caught doing yet another such activity by none other than a Red Army soldier guarding the field. As a result of the altercation, the enraged guard shot at Kolya, and the teenager’s 12-year-old friend Petya Vakhrushev managed to escape. First, Vakhrushev told the whole truth. But during the second interrogation he unexpectedly changed his testimony, indicating that Kolya was killed by his two older brothers. Thus, the Vakhrushev brothers were accused of murder and, along the way, a number of other kulaks allegedly involved in the theft of grain and the death of Kolya were exposed. On December 30, 1932, a visiting session of the Ural Regional Court in Kurgan in the case of the murder of Kolya Myagotin sentenced five residents of the village of Kolesnikovo to death, six people to ten years in prison and one to a year of forced labor. Immediately after the trial, Petya Vakhrushev disappeared without a trace. A week later, his mother was found hanged. And the late Kolya Myagotin, like the same imaginary hero Pavlik Morozov, was surrounded by ideological background and made a pioneer “in absentia.” Only in 1999, the Presidium of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in the case of the murder of Kolya Myagotin completely exonerated ten people as innocent. In two cases, the crime was reclassified from a political article into a regular one - criminal.
Grisha Akopyan (sculptor E.I. Makarov)
No, this character has nothing to do with the famous dynasty of illusionists. Moreover, it is believed that it is completely fictitious and, as they say, was created by order of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of Azerbaijan. As far as I understand, the Armenian analogue of Pavlik Morozov from the Azerbaijani city of Ganja is a literary fiction of the writer Sarkis Mnatsakanyan, who wrote the book “Hero Pioneer Grisha Hakobyan” in 1958. I did not find the book itself, although there is a children's filmstrip of the same name from 1960, where Mnatsakanyan is listed in the imprint as a consultant.
The fact that a native of the second largest Azerbaijani city of Ganja, an Armenian by nationality, was made such a hero could have two reasons. On the one hand, this could speak of the internationalism of Soviet Azerbaijan. According to another version, a violation of the tradition of respect for elders, traditional for the Caucasus, especially for a Muslim family, on the part of an Azerbaijani might seem even less plausible compared to a boy of Armenian origin. And most of the Ganja residents we contacted do not remember or know anything about Grisha Hakobyan.
However, this is what Leonard Kondrashenko mentions in the book “Artek”:
In 1929, after the First All-Union Rally, S.M. Mnatsakanyan rested in Artek. He was the chairman of the detachment's council, the leader in this detachment was Grisha Hakobyan, the future pioneer hero.
It follows from this that the pioneer Grisha Hakobyan actually existed, or at least had a real prototype - but how things stand with the feat is unknown, at least I couldn’t find anything more reliable about this.
Vasya Korobko (sculptor B.A.Maganov)
The first of the heroes under consideration, immortalized for their feat in the Great Patriotic War. The son of the regiment, a partisan, who died a hero's death in 1944 at the age of 17. In this case, by the way, the official and unofficial stories are extremely unanimous - I was not able to find polar opposite opinions, as in the case of the heroes of the times of collectivization (the same pattern is typical for the following characters; an interesting fact is that the pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War call for order less disputes and disagreements than the heroes of the times of collectivization and the Civil War).
The partisan fate of a sixth-grader from the village of Pogoreltsy, Semenovsky district, Chernigov region, was unusual. He received baptism of fire in the summer of 1941. The front came close to the village of Pogoreltsy. On the outskirts, covering the withdrawal of our units, a company held the defense. Vasily brought cartridges to the soldiers. Consciously remained in the occupied territory. The pioneer banner of the squad was saved from the school building occupied by the Nazis. Once, at my own peril and risk, I sawed down the bridge piles and pulled out the metal brackets holding its structures. The very first fascist armored personnel carrier that drove onto this bridge collapsed from it and became inoperable. Then Vasya became a partisan. On instructions from the detachment's command, he became a scout, getting a job as a stoker and cleaner at Hitler's headquarters. Everything that Vasily learned became known to the partisans.
Once the punitive forces demanded that Korobko lead them to the forest from where the partisans were making forays. And Vasily led the Nazis to the police ambush. The Nazis, mistaking them for partisans in the dark, opened furious fire, killed many policemen and themselves suffered heavy losses. Vasya Korobko fought in the partisan unit named after Nikolai Nikitovich Popudrenko (one of the organizers and leaders of the party underground and partisan movement in Ukraine, secretary of the Chernigov underground regional committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine, commander of the partisan unit. He died heroically in July 1943 in a battle with superior forces enemy). Vasily Korobko became an excellent demolition bomber and took part in the destruction of nine echelons of enemy personnel and equipment. The exploits of Vasily Korobko were awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree. Later he was accepted into the partisan unit of the Hero of the Soviet Union Pyotr Petrovich Vershigora... He died a hero's death in battle on April 1, 1944 while performing another task.
Kychan Dzhakypov (sculptor V.M. Tsepelev)
Kychan was called the “Kirkiz Pavlik Morozov,” although in fact the story here was somewhat different - the young shepherd surrendered to the authorities to the bandits, for which he was killed. And yes, this is a real person, although in the literary presentation, which became the official version of his feat, the real events were still a little embellished.
The myth about him was created by the writer Shukurbek Beishanaliev, who wrote the book “Kychan”. In Soviet times, the story of Shukurbek Beishenaliev, not counting the Kyrgyz editions, was reprinted seven times in Moscow, was translated and published in Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Karakalpak, Latvian, Lithuanian, Moldavian, Uzbek and Ukrainian. The Kyrgyz akyn Abdarasul Toktomyshev wrote the poem "Dzhakyp Ulu" ("Son of Dzhakyp"), the play "Kychan" was staged at the State Drama Theater in the capital of Kyrgyzstan for a long time, composer Satylgan Osmonov wrote an opera about the pioneer hero.
Well, what is the attitude towards Kychan in his homeland? The director of the State Museum of History of Kyrgyzstan, Dzhumaly Mamankulov, answers this question: “Of course, not everyone knows about his act now. They know only in Kyrgyz schools, where the work of the famous Kyrgyz prose writer Shukurbek Beishenaliev is studied. That’s the only reason they know. , of course not, or rather there is no interest. Historical truth - yes, it happened, that’s true. Kachan Dzhakypov - he is the son of Munuldor, but they did it a little differently, like a literary one, but the prototype is his. We have him in the historical museum photo, this is the work of our artists, when he is stabbed with a knife. In general, there are several types of Kychan Dzhakypov: both photographs and an image with oil paint. Unfortunately, we don’t have any things. Only the tie remains, and the cap is called in our language. And that’s all - There's nothing else."
Marx Krotov (sculptor B.A.Maganov)
Another hero of the Great Patriotic War is a teenager who helped the partisans in the occupied territory.
Our pilots, who were ordered to bomb the enemy airfield, were eternally grateful to this boy with such an expressive name. The airfield was located in the Leningrad region, near Tosno, and was carefully guarded by the Nazis. But Marx Krotov managed to get close to the airfield unnoticed and give our pilots a light signal.
Focusing on this signal, the bombers accurately attacked targets and destroyed dozens of enemy aircraft. And before that, Marx collected food for the partisan detachment and handed it over to the forest fighters.
Marx Krotov was captured by a Nazi patrol when he, together with other schoolchildren, was once again aiming our bombers at the target. The boy was executed on the shores of Lake Belye in February 1942.
The two “other schoolchildren” were named Albert Kupsha and Kolya Ryzhov - the obelisk at the site of their execution still stands. Why only Marx made it into the pantheon of pioneer heroes is a big mystery.
Sasha Kovalev (sculptor E.I. Makarov)
Jung of the Northern Fleet - at the age of 15 he fled to the front, by 1944 he graduated from the school of a cabin boy and died in the same year when he was blown up by a mine.
The war began when Sasha was resting in a pioneer camp. Dad went to the front. Soon trouble came to the house, the father died the death of the brave. And on the same day, Sasha’s mother died during a bombing. It was a terrible day. Sasha and his friend ran to the front, which was very close. A friend died. And Sasha was taken into the carriage with the sailors. The train was heading north. Sasha graduated from the Navy Jung School with honors as a motor mechanic, and he was given the opportunity as an excellent student. Selection of the operating fleet. Without hesitation, Sasha asked to join the Northern Fleet.
The Wiki article is more specific and factual, and tells us the following:
Born into the family of engineer Philip Markovich Rabinovich and Elena Yakovlevna Rabinovich (Chernomordik). In 1937, his parents were repressed. After the arrest of his parents, he was raised in the family of the translator's aunt Rita Kovaleva-Wright (Chernomordik) and Northern Fleet captain Nikolai Petrovich Kovalev. At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he was evacuated to the Yaroslavl region, and later returned to N.P. Kovalev’s place of service in Arkhangelsk, where he entered the boat. In 1942, he entered the Solovetsky school as a cabin boy under the name Alexander Nikolaevich Kovalev in the company for training motorists. After graduation, he was assigned to the destroyer Gromky, and then to a torpedo boat. Participated in 20 combat operations of the Northern Fleet.
On May 8, 1944, the torpedo boat TK-209, on which Sasha Kovalev served, under the command of A.I. Kisov, attacked a group of enemy ships, after which it itself was attacked by German aircraft, as a result of which a shell fragment pierced the engine manifold, from which it began to flow hot water mixed with oil and gasoline. Sasha Kovalev covered the hole with his body, receiving severe burns. At the same time, it was possible to maintain the speed of the boat, the engine did not explode, and two crews of torpedo boats were saved, since at that moment there was another team of boat crew on the boat, picked up from the same boat TKA-217, which had just been destroyed by German aircraft. On May 9, 1944, Sasha Kovalev died as a result of the explosion of a German phosphorus mine that did not explode the day before on a boat after it was bombed by enemy aircraft. He was awarded the Ushakov Medal, the Order of the Red Star and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree (posthumously).
Volodya Dubinin (sculptor I.V. Beschastnov)
Also a very famous person, not least thanks to the very popular children's book by Lev Kassil (and the film based on it). In particular, several pioneer camps were named after this pioneer hero.
When the Patriotic War broke out, Volodya was only 14 years old. Together with the adults, he went to the Starokarantinsky quarries. Volodya was a messenger and intelligence officer in this underground fortress, which desperately resisted the Nazi invaders for about two months. The occupiers fought with a detachment of quarries and walled up the exits from it. Since Volodya was the smallest, he managed to get to the surface through very narrow manholes without being noticed by enemies. The boy knew well the layout of the underground galleries and the location of all exits to the surface. And when in January 1942, after the liberation of Kerch by units of the Red Army, sappers began to clear the area around the quarries, he volunteered to help them. On January 2, the young hero was killed by a mine. Volodya Dubinin is buried in a partisan grave, not far from the quarries.
I was not able to find any noticeable discrepancies in any of the resources where this story is described, which means that in this case no one doubts the facts.
Valya Kotik (sculptor M.I. Kharlamov)
Valya Kotik is usually depicted wearing a Partazin hat with earflaps with a red ribbon at an angle. This is understandable - he fought in the partisan formation of Kamenets-Podolsky.
During the Great Patriotic War, being on the territory of the Shepetovsky district temporarily occupied by Nazi troops, Valya Kotik worked to collect weapons and ammunition, drew and posted caricatures of the Nazis. Since 1942, he had connections with the Shepetivka underground party organization and carried out its intelligence orders.
Vicky adds a little more specifics.
In the fall of 1941, together with his comrades, he killed the head of the field gendarmerie near the city of Shepetovka, throwing a grenade at the car in which he was driving. Since 1942, he took an active part in the partisan movement in Ukraine. At first he was a liaison for the Shepetovsky underground organization, then he took part in battles. Since August 1943 - in the partisan detachment named after Karmelyuk under the command of I. A. Muzalev, he was wounded twice. In October 1943, he discovered an underground telephone cable, which was soon undermined, and the connection between the invaders and Hitler's headquarters in Warsaw ceased. He also contributed to the destruction of six railway trains and a warehouse. On October 29, 1943, while on patrol, I noticed punitive forces about to launch a raid on the detachment. Having killed the officer, he raised the alarm; Thanks to his actions, the partisans managed to repel the enemy. In the battle for the city of Izyaslav on February 16, 1944, he was mortally wounded and died the next day.
Marat Kazei (sculptor I.V. Beschastnov)
Also a partisan “son of the regiment”.
In the first battle on January 9, 1943, in the Stankovsky forest area, Marat Kazei showed courage and bravery. Being wounded in the arm, he went on the attack several times. Later, he penetrated into enemy garrisons dozens of times and delivered valuable intelligence data to the command. Repeatedly participated in sabotage on railways and highways. Using the information received by Marat, the partisans developed a daring operation and defeated the fascist garrison in the city of Dzerzhinsk... In March 1943, near the village of Rumok, the partisan detachment named after D. Furmanov was surrounded, and all attempts by its commander to contact other detachments were unsuccessful. Marat Kazei volunteered to establish contact with the surrounded detachment. He brought reinforcements in time, and the battle ended with the defeat of the fascist punitive forces. In December 1943, in a battle on the Slutsk highway, Marat Kazei obtained valuable enemy documents - military maps and plans of the Nazi command.
On May 11, 1944, returning from a mission, Marat and the reconnaissance commander came across the Germans near the village of Khorometskoye, Uzdensky district, Minsk region. The commander was killed immediately, Marat, firing back, lay down in a hollow. There was nowhere to leave in the open field, and there was no opportunity - Marat was seriously wounded. While there were cartridges, he held the defense, and when the magazine was empty, he picked up his last weapon - two grenades, which he did not remove from his belt. He threw one at the Germans, and left the second. When the Germans came very close, he blew himself up along with the enemies.
Wiki, again, only slightly supplements the official version with dry facts.
He was a scout at the headquarters of the partisan brigade named after. K.K. Rokossovsky. In addition to reconnaissance, he participated in raids and sabotage. For courage and courage in battles he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Courage” (wounded, raised partisans to attack) and “For Military Merit”. Returning from reconnaissance and surrounded by Germans, Marat Kazei blew himself up and his enemies with a grenade.
Zina Portnova (sculptor S.P. Manaenkov)
Member of the underground organization "Young Avengers", scout of a partisan detachment.
She participated in the distribution of leaflets among the population and sabotage against the invaders. While working in the canteen of a retraining course for German officers, at the direction of the underground, she poisoned the food (more than a hundred officers died). During the proceedings, wanting to prove to the Germans that she was not involved, she tried the poisoned soup. Miraculously, she survived. Since August 1943, scout of the partisan detachment named after. K. E. Voroshilova. In December 1943, returning from a mission to find out the reasons for the failure of the Young Avengers organization, she was captured in the village of Mostishche and identified by a certain Anna Khrapovitskaya. During one of the interrogations at the Gestapo in the village of Goryany (Belarus), she grabbed the investigator’s pistol from the table, shot him and two other Nazis, tried to escape, and was captured. After torture, she was shot.
I don’t know about you, but I have a distinct dissonance with those clear eyes in the photo - “together with a friend, she poisoned more than a hundred people,” “she shot an investigator and two more Nazis.” And this at 17 years old, an extremely brave girl!
Lenya Golikov (sculptor A.P. Sulenev)
Brigade scout of a partisan detachment operating in the Leningrad and Pskov regions. He died on January 24, 1943 in an unequal battle in the village of Ostraya Luka, Pskov region.
In August 1942, Lenya was ambushed not far from the road. Suddenly he saw a luxurious German car driving down the road. He knew that very important fascists were transported in such cars, and decided to stop this car at all costs. First he looked to see if there were any guards, let the car get closer, and then threw a grenade at it. The grenade exploded next to the car, and immediately two hefty Fritzes jumped out of it and ran towards Lena. But he was not afraid and began to shoot at them with a machine gun. He immediately killed one, and the second began to run away into the forest, but Lenin’s bullet caught up with him. One of the fascists turned out to be General Richard Witz. They found important documents on him and immediately sent them to Moscow. Soon, an order was received from the General Headquarters of the partisan movement to nominate all participants in the daring operation for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. But there was only one participant... Young Lenya Golikov! It turns out that Lenya obtained the most valuable information - drawings and descriptions of new types of German mines, inspection reports to higher command, minefield maps and other important military papers.
http://pionery-geroi.ucoz.ru/index/marat_kazej/0-9
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It was the harsh summer of 1941. The Red Army fought its way back to the East under the onslaught of the Nazi hordes that treacherously attacked our Motherland. One day the front came close to the village of Pogoreltsy, located among the lush fields of the Chernihiv region.
Residents of the village hid in the basements in the morning, as soon as the firefight began. The village seemed extinct.
On the very outskirts of the village, soldiers of the Soviet company held the defense. They covered our units retreating to new frontiers.
Near the trench from which the Maxim was firing at the Nazis, a thin boy appeared and disappeared. He quickly brought cartridges to the machine gunners. The mustachioed gunner, seeing him, winked approvingly every time. And the dark, blue-eyed number two, accepting boxes of ribbons, would certainly say:
- Well done, brother. Just in time...
And every time, after listening to the praise, the boy, looking pleadingly at the blue-eyed man, asked:
- Uncle, will you take me with you?
“Definitely,” the second number smiled in response. -Just grow up a little. Otherwise you won’t see anything from the trench.
But closer to noon, when another attack by the Nazis was repulsed, the blue-eyed man unexpectedly took the boy by the hand.
- What's your name? - he asked.
- Vasya. Vasya Korobko,” the boy answered.
- You should bring some water, Vasya, a bucket. You see, the equipment has overheated. “Yes, and we need to cool down,” the blue-eyed man asked and looked at the gunner.
“Exactly,” he confirmed in a deep voice and wiped his face, wet with sweat, with the sleeve of his tunic.
Vasya rushed for the bucket. And when he returned with water, the crew was no longer there.
By order of the commander, the machine gunners left their position and retreated behind the bridge to the forest.
“They sent for water on purpose,” Vasya guessed. - I was afraid that I would get stuck. But would I have interfered?”
He looked at the soldiers with a long, longing look, turned over the pile of spent cartridges remaining on the edge of the trench, hoping to find at least one whole cartridge, and, bending to the ground, ran home. Then he saw how the Nazis entered the village. How they searched the houses of collective farmers, drove the cattle out of the barns, how they settled down for the night at the school, his home school, where he only finished sixth grade two months ago.
“Now you won’t be able to get ready for the gathering and won’t be able to sing your favorite song,” Vasya thought bitterly. - It’s all wonderful! Like in a dream." And it’s true, this whole war and these fascist soldiers who were chasing chickens with loud screams, and large, dust-covered armored personnel carriers camouflaged in the garden under apple trees, were so alien that they really looked like a terrible, heavy dream. It seemed very absurd that the joyful summer holidays were suddenly cut short and the collective farm no longer existed. And Vasya had an unbearable desire to pinch himself or hit himself with his fist in order to “wake up” and disperse the nightmare visions. But this was not a dream.
"Goodbye, school. Farewell, detachment,” Vasya thought again and suddenly remembered that there, in the pioneer room where the Nazis were now located, the detachment’s banner remained.
Vasya’s heart began to beat with excitement.
“The bastards took everything: both the village and the region! And give them the banner too! Well, no! I'll take it out of you! I’ll get you out of spite!” - he decided.
However, this was not so easy to do. Vasya knew: if the Nazis caught him, they wouldn’t pat him on the head for this. And yet the thought of saving the banner did not leave him. And he began to think about how to carry out this first real combat operation in his life.
The lights in the village were not lit that night, although the people were not sleeping. Only occasionally, here and there, dogs barked angrily. But gradually their voices began to be heard less and less. Finally they calmed down too. Vasya left the house and made his way through the gardens to the school. Everything was quiet here too. Vasya stopped near the fence and began to observe. The school was dark. The windows in the classrooms were closed; near the porch, a sentry was pacing back and forth, like a pendulum. Vasya waited until he disappeared around the corner, and, like a shadow, rushed to the window of the pioneer room. There, pressed against the wall, he listened to the silence for a long time. Vasya found the pyramid by touch. But the banner was no longer there. Vasya began to feel around on the floor. His hands felt a familiar silk cloth. The banner, which he, as a standard bearer, always carried with PRIDE in front of his detachment, is again in his hands.
Now it was necessary to quietly leave the school. This turned out to be more difficult. The fascist sentry took a fancy to the steps of the porch, sat down on them and, as if on purpose, never wanted to leave. Vasya had to wait almost an hour before he was able to jump out of the window and disappear into the darkness unnoticed. Only now did he realize the danger he had put himself in. But the joy of luck was so great that everything gave way to it.
“So you need to grow up! - he remembered the playful excuse of the blue-eyed machine gunner. - Maybe if I had been bigger, I wouldn’t have climbed through the window. Still, it’s a pity that they didn’t take me with them. I would beat the fascists with them.”
He safely hid the banner and returned home. But I didn’t want to sleep. The first success inspired me. I wanted to do something else, something that would make the fascists feel that they were hated here. “Should we set the school on fire? What's the point? The Nazis will run out, and the school will burn down. This won't be built right away. Or maybe slam the sentry? But with what? You won’t shoot him with a slingshot.”
Vasya racked his brains for a long time about how else to annoy the Nazis, and couldn’t come up with anything. There were many enemies. They were well armed. And he was alone and completely unarmed.
“I won’t do anything to them with my bare hands,” he finally decided, “and in the morning they will get on their armored vehicles and tramp further, beyond the bridge, to catch up with our company.”
This thought made him feel very sick in his soul. He mentally imagined how a column of Nazis would stretch along the road and, raising dust to the sky, rush in pursuit of the company.
“Ours probably didn’t even have time to dig trenches yet. And the Nazis will already be there in the morning. How long do they have to drive cars? Just cross the bridge, and the forest is nearby.”
And suddenly Vasya was struck by a hunch. "Bridge! And if he doesn’t! Does he need much? He's old after all. No wonder they wanted to redo it again in the fall!”
He found a saw in the closet, got hold of a crowbar and, unnoticed, through the gardens, got out of the village outskirts. Then he carefully descended into the depression and approached the bridge. There was no sign of security. Vasya took advantage of this. He groped for the iron staples holding the supports together and, deftly wielding a crowbar, pulled them out one by one. He then took a saw and sawed down some piles. He was so carried away by this work that he did not notice how the horizon turned white and the cloudy streak of dawn slowly blurred over the forest. It was already too late to return to the village.
Vasya trampled the sawdust into the mud and moved away from the bridge with the bushes. Then he disguised himself and lay down. Soon the heavy hum of engines was heard from the direction of the village. The sun has risen. And a column of Nazi armored personnel carriers, trucks, and motorcycles appeared on the road. The column was quickly approaching the bridge. Several motorcycles overtook the cars, drove onto the bridge and, without stopping, flew across it as if on wings. Vasya saw this, and his heart sank painfully with excitement.
“Did I really calculate it wrong? - he thought. - Well, the bridge, dear! Don't stop! Fall! Fall!"
But the bridge stood as if nothing had happened. Now a car with soldiers thundered across its ceiling. An armored personnel carrier drove onto the bridge behind her. Behind him is the second, third. And then the central support, near which Vasya worked for a particularly long time, suddenly buckled like a knee. The bridge, which just a second ago hung like a taut string, burst in an instant and, together with those who were on it, quickly flew down. An unimaginable noise began in the column. The engines screamed. The sound of iron striking iron was heard. Several cars fell into the cliff at once. There were screams. Some car's gas tank exploded. A smoky gasoline flame shot up over the wreckage of the bridge.
It was a victory! With delight, Vasya wanted to jump to his feet and have the strength to shout “Hurray!” But he restrained himself and only said angrily in a low voice:
- This is how you, the bastards, will be greeted everywhere, wherever you go!
He shook his fist at the Nazis and, hiding his tool in the bushes, crawled away from the burning crossing.
Later, having returned to the village by a roundabout route, Vasya learned that the Nazis spent the whole day working on restoring the bridge and only the next morning were able to continue their offensive.
The Nazis established their own order in the village. They closed the school. It housed a punitive battalion. The collective farm was dissolved. The headman, assisted by policemen, began to manage all affairs in the village. Every morning they went around the village, drove old and small people out of their huts and sent them to work under escort. Even the sick were not left alone by the police. And they were raised to their feet and forced to work. The collective farmers fiercely hated the invaders. And they took revenge on them. Many of the village residents went to become partisans in those days.
Vasya Korobko also could not sit idly by. The first combat sorties showed him that it was quite possible to beat the enemy. And now he was only thinking about how to take even stronger revenge on the Nazis. But he understood that it was impossible to beat the enemy without weapons. And so the first thing I decided to do was get myself a machine gun or at least a pistol.
Chance helped him. One day one of his friends told Vasya that he had seen shells and a lot of other military equipment in the forest. Vasya pretended that all this interested him little. But the very next day he made his way into the forest and searched the entire clearing. There, in the bushes, he found a completely serviceable combat rifle and a whole jar of cartridges. Finally he had a weapon.
From that day on, shots rang out in the vicinity of the village. As soon as a car with fascists or a group of fascist soldiers appeared on the road, bullets flew at them from the forest. And although, as a rule, they did not cause damage to the enemy, the Nazis had even less peace. Now it seemed to them that a partisan ambush was waiting for them behind every tree. But the Nazis were wrong. They were fired not by the partisans, but by Vasya Korobko. Two or three weeks passed like this. And it is unknown how it would all have ended if such an incident had not happened one day.
Once, having fired at another group of fascists, Vasya was about to go deep into the forest. Suddenly someone grabbed his hands tightly. Vasya rushed. But it was too late. They took his rifle away, threw him to the ground, and someone said very angrily:
- And we are scratching our heads about what kind of warrior Anika has shown up here!
Vasya looked around and saw people in civilian clothes. Two of them seemed familiar to him.
- If I had the power, I would give you a belt, you devil! - the same voice continued.
- Let him go. This is our lad from the village of Pogoreltsy.
Vasya was released. He jumped to his feet and immediately recognized the people who had disarmed him - collective farmers from a neighboring village. In Pogoreltsy they have long said that they left to join the partisans. Vasya also recognized the man with the angry voice. This was the representative of the district party committee. Before the war, he often gave presentations on the collective farm.
On the way to headquarters, the partisans explained to Vasya that with his shooting he only frightened the fascists and thereby prevented the partisans from capturing
take them by surprise. But in general, the commissioner did not scold Vasya very much. And when he found out how the machine gunners were playing a joke on him and that it was he, Vasya, who sawed off the piles at the bridge, he stopped being angry completely. He even laughed and said:
- You are a heroic lad, Vasil. You just have to be an organized partisan. Well, now you will be given a real task.
And so it happened. A few days later, Vasya returned to his native village, and a little later he came to the school to the fascist commandant and asked to be given some kind of work. The commandant allowed Vasya to chop wood and light the stove at the school. Vasya took to the task very diligently. The work was in full swing in his hands. He completed all tasks quickly and accurately. The Nazis soon got used to the smart guy and allowed him to start cleaning the premises in which they lived. Vasya coped with this matter successfully. The Nazis began to trust him even more. And one day a Nazi officer called Vasya to his place.
- Tell me, Russian boy, how well do you know the forest behind the bridge? - he asked him.
- I've been there, Mr. Officer. “I went there to pick mushrooms more than once,” Vasya answered.
- Were you able to lead our company to the other side of the swamp? - the Nazi asked.
“It’s a simple matter, it can be done,” Vasya agreed.
- Zer gut! - the Nazi was delighted and showed Vasya the map. - This is where you should lead us. Understood?
Vasya nodded his head. Green, brown, blue spots were visible on the map, and red arrows were also drawn. Vasya didn’t know what they meant. But he understood perfectly well that the Nazis were planning to encircle and destroy the partisans.
Vasya’s heart began to beat anxiously. “This cannot be allowed! I’d rather die myself than lead these fascist bandits to the partisans!” he thought excitedly. But he did not show his excitement and calmly answered the Nazi:
- I understand everything, Mr. Officer.
- Zer gut! Zer gut! You are a very good guy! - the Nazi was even more delighted.
As soon as it got dark, a punitive company, armed with machine guns, emerged from the forest.
Vasya led the Nazis to the swamp by the shortest route. But here he unexpectedly changed his route. It was dark in the forest. The Nazis moved almost by touch and did not notice the turn. And Vasya took advantage of this and led them in a completely different direction, to where the police were hiding in ambush.
Everything that happened next happened exactly as he expected. Having stumbled upon the policemen, the Nazis in the dark mistook them for partisans and opened mad fire on them, using all machine guns and machine guns. The policemen started shouting. But the fascists did not want to listen to anything. They were sure that they were shooting at the partisans, and they shot until they killed all the policemen.
The partisans, having heard the firefight that had begun, calmly left the camp deep into the forest.
Vasya also left with them. It was no longer possible for him to return to the village, and he remained in the detachment forever.
The young hero accomplished many remarkable feats in the name of his beloved Motherland. Together with his comrades, he derailed nine enemy echelons and destroyed more than one hundred Nazi soldiers.
For these exploits he was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the partisan medal.
But one day Vasya did not return from a combat mission.
That night, the partisans decided to blow up the bridge along which trains with Nazi troops were moving towards the front. Vasya was also among the demolitions. The bridge was heavily guarded by Nazi patrols. Deftly, without any noise, the guards removed the guard. The way was open for the bombers.
The partisans successfully completed their planned operation. The Nazis realized it and opened fire, but it was too late. The partisans retreated into the forest. Vasya was in the cover group. A burst of fascist machine gun killed the young partisan. Vasya died like a hero, like a real soldier.
Vasya Korobko was born in the village of Pogoreltsy, Chernigov region, Ukrainian SSR.
The pioneers of the Pogoreltsev school sacredly honor the memory of their fellow countryman, the pioneer hero Vasya Korobko, enlisting him forever as an honorary standard-bearer of the druzhina banner that he saved.
For the courage and heroism personally shown in the fight against the Nazis, Vasya Korobko was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree.
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Recognition, identification and formatting - BK-MTGC.
Korobko Vasily Ivanovich Vasily Ivanovich () () Born on March 31, 1927 in the village of Pogoreltsy, Semenovsky district, Chernigov region.
He took an active part in the partisan movement in the Chernihiv region. He was a scout and liaison officer, and later a demolition bomber. Together with the partisans, Vasya derailed sixteen trains with Nazi soldiers and military equipment, and disabled ten locomotives.
Chernihiv region. The front came close to the village of Pogoreltsy. On the outskirts, covering the withdrawal of our units, a company held the defense. A boy brought cartridges to the soldiers. His name was Vasya Korobko. Night. Vasya creeps up to the school building occupied by the Nazis. He makes his way into the pioneer room, takes out the pioneer banner and hides it securely. The outskirts of the village. Under the bridge - Vasya. He pulls out iron brackets, saws down the piles, and at dawn, from a hiding place, watches the bridge collapse under the weight of a fascist armored personnel carrier. The partisans were convinced that Vasya could be trusted, and entrusted him with a serious task: to become a scout in the enemy’s lair.
At the fascist headquarters, he lights the stoves, chops wood, and he takes a closer look, remembers, and passes on information to the partisans. The punishers, who planned to exterminate the partisans, forced the boy to lead them into the forest. But Vasya led the Nazis to a police ambush. The Nazis, mistaking them for partisans in the dark, opened furious fire, killed all the policemen and themselves suffered heavy losses. At the fascist headquarters, he lights the stoves, chops wood, and he takes a closer look, remembers, and passes on information to the partisans. The punishers, who planned to exterminate the partisans, forced the boy to lead them into the forest. But Vasya led the Nazis to a police ambush. The Nazis, mistaking them for partisans in the dark, opened furious fire, killed all the policemen and themselves suffered heavy losses.
He died in Belarus in one of the battles, he was hit by an enemy bullet on April 1, 1944. He died in Belarus in one of the battles, he was hit by an enemy bullet on April 1, 1944. The Motherland awarded its little hero, who lived a short but such a bright life, the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree.
| Patriotic, spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren | Young heroes of the Great Patriotic War | Pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War | Vasya Korobko
Pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War
Vasya Korobko
Korobko, Vasily Ivanovich or Vasya Korobko (March 31, 1927, Pogoreltsy village, Semenovsky district, Chernihiv region - April 1, 1944) - pioneer hero, young partisan, awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree, the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” 1 degrees.
Together with the partisans, Vasya destroyed nine trains and hundreds of Nazis. In one of the battles he was killed.
With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the front came close to the village of Pogoreltsy. On the outskirts, covering the withdrawal of our units, a company held the defense. Vasya Korobko brought cartridges to the fighters.
One day, at his own peril and risk, Vasya sawed down the piles of a bridge near his home village. The very first fascist armored personnel carrier that drove onto this bridge collapsed from it and became inoperable. Then Vasya became a partisan. The partisans were convinced that Vasya could be trusted, and entrusted him with a serious task: to become a scout in the enemy’s lair.
At the fascist headquarters, he lights the stoves, chops wood, and he takes a closer look, remembers, and passes on information to the partisans. The punishers, who planned to exterminate the partisans, forced the boy to lead them into the forest. But Vasya led the Nazis to a police ambush. The Nazis, mistaking them for partisans in the dark, opened furious fire, killed all the policemen and themselves suffered heavy losses.
Vasily Korobko became an excellent demolition bomber and took part in the destruction of nine trains carrying enemy personnel and equipment.
Later he was accepted into the partisan unit of the Hero of the Soviet Union Pyotr Petrovich Vershigora... He died a hero's death in battle on April 1, 1944 while carrying out another mission.
Awards.
The exploits of Vasily Korobko were awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree.
