How planets for children appeared. Origin of the Earth (From the Big Bang to the Origin of the Earth)

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth in size. Among all the celestial objects of the terrestrial group, it is the largest in mass, diameter and density. Has other designations - Blue planet, Mir or Terra. At the moment, it is the only planet known to man with the presence of life.

According to scientific research, it turns out that the Earth as a planet was formed about 4.54 billion years ago from a solar nebula, after which it acquired a single satellite - the Moon. Life on the planet appeared about 3.9 billion years ago. Since then, the biosphere has greatly changed the structure of the atmosphere and abiotic factors. As a result, the number of aerobic living organisms and the formation of the ozone layer were determined. The magnetic field, together with the layer, reduces the negative impact of solar radiation on life. Radiation caused by the earth's crust has dropped quite dramatically since its formation due to the gradual decay of radionuclides. The planet's crust is divided into several segments (tectonic plates), which move several centimeters a year.

The oceans occupy about 70.8% of the Earth's surface, and the rest belongs to continents and islands. The continents have rivers, lakes, groundwater and ice. Together with the World Ocean, they form the hydrosphere of the planet. Life is supported by liquid water on the surface and underground. The poles of the Earth are covered with ice caps, which include the Antarctic ice sheet and Arctic sea ice.

The inner regions of the Earth are quite active and consist of a very viscous, thick layer - the mantle. It covers the outer liquid core of nickel and iron. The physical characteristics of the planet have preserved life for 3.5 billion years. Rough calculations of scientists indicate the duration of the same conditions for another 2 billion years.

The earth is attracted by gravitational forces along with other space objects. The planet revolves around the sun. Full turnover - 365.26 days. The axis of rotation is tilted by 23.44 °, due to this seasonal changes are caused by a frequency of 1 tropical year. The approximate time of day on Earth is 24 hours. In turn, the Moon revolves around the Earth. This has been happening since its foundation. Thanks to the satellite, the ebb and flow of the ocean occurs on the planet. In addition, it stabilizes the tilt of the Earth, which gradually slows down its rotation. According to some theories, it turns out that asteroids (fireballs) fell on the planet at one time and thus directly influenced existing organisms.

The earth is home to millions of different life forms, including humans. The entire territory is divided into 195 states, interacting with each other through diplomacy, brute force and trade. Man has formed many theories regarding the universe. The most popular are the Gaia hypothesis, the geocentric system of the world, and the flat earth.

The history of our planet

The most modern theory concerning the origin of the Earth is called the solar nebula hypothesis. It appears that the solar system emerged from a large cloud of gas and dust. The composition included helium and hydrogen, which were formed as a result of the Big Bang. Also in this way, heavy elements appeared. About 4.5 billion years ago, the cloud began to compress due to a shock wave, which in turn went after a supernova explosion. After the cloud contracted, angular momentum, inertia and gravity flattened it into a protoplanetary disk. After that, the debris in the disk, being under the influence of gravity, began to collide and merge, thereby forming the first planetoids.

This process was called accretion, and dust, gas, debris and planetoids began to form larger objects - planets. The whole process took about 10-20 billion years.

The only satellite of the Earth - the Moon - was formed a little later, although its origin has not yet been explained. Many hypotheses have been put forward, one of which says that the Moon appeared due to accretion from the Earth's substance remaining after the collision with an object similar in size to Mars. The outer layer of the Earth was vaporized and melted. Part of the mantle was thrown into the orbit of the planet, because of which the Moon is greatly deprived of metals and has a composition known to us. Its own gravity influenced the adoption of a spherical shape and the formation of the moon.

Proto-earth increased due to accretion and was very hot to melt minerals and metals. Siderophilic elements, geochemically similar to iron, began to descend towards the center of the Earth, which influenced the separation of the inner layers into the mantle and the metallic core. The planet's magnetic field began to form. Volcanic activity and the release of gases led to the appearance of the atmosphere. Ice-enhanced condensation of water vapor led to the formation of oceans. At that time, the Earth's atmosphere consisted of light elements - helium and hydrogen, but in comparison with the current state, it possessed a large amount of carbon dioxide. The magnetic field appeared about 3.5 billion years ago. Due to this, the solar wind could not empty the atmosphere.

Changes in the planet's surface were carried out over hundreds of millions of years. New continents appeared and collapsed. Sometimes, by moving, they created a supercontinent. About 750 million years ago, the earliest supercontinent, Rodinia, began to split into pieces. A little later, its parts formed a new one - Pannotia, after which, again disintegrating after 540 million years, Pangea appeared. It broke up 180 million years later.

The emergence of life on Earth

There are many hypotheses and theories about this. The most popular of them says that about 3.5 billion years ago, the only universal ancestor of all modern organisms appeared.

Thanks to the development of photosynthesis, living organisms were able to use solar energy. The atmosphere began to fill with oxygen, and there was an ozone layer in its upper layers. The symbiosis of large cells with small ones began to develop eukaryotes. Representatives of multicellular organisms appeared about 2.1 billion years ago.

In 1960, scientists put forward the hypothesis of the Earth-snowball, according to which it turned out that in the period from 750 to 580 million years ago, our planet was completely covered with ice. This hypothesis easily explains the Cambrian explosion - the emergence of a large number of different life forms. At the moment, this hypothesis has been confirmed.

The first algae were formed 1200 million years ago. The first representatives of higher plants - 450 million years ago. Invertebrates appeared in the Ediacaran period, and vertebrates in the Cambrian explosion.

Since the Cambrian explosion, there have been 5 mass extinctions. At the end of the Permian period, approximately 90% of living beings died. This was the most massive destruction, after which the archosaurs appeared. At the end of the Triassic period, dinosaurs appeared, which dominated the planet during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction happened about 65 million years ago. The reason, most likely, was the fall of a huge meteorite. As a result, almost all large dinosaurs and reptiles died, and small animals managed to escape. Insects and the first birds were their prominent representatives. Over the next millions of years, most of the various animals appeared, and a couple of million years ago the first ape-like animals with the ability to walk upright. These creatures began to use tools and communication as an exchange of information. No other form of life has been able to develop as quickly as man. In an extremely short time, people curbed agriculture and formed civilizations, and recently began to directly influence the state of the planet and the number of other species.

The last ice age began 40 million years ago. Its bright middle fell on the Pleistocene (3 million years ago).

Structure of the earth

Our planet belongs to the terrestrial group and has a solid surface. It has the highest density, mass, gravity, magnetic field and size. Earth is the only known planet with active tectonic plate movements.

The bowels of the Earth are divided into layers according to physical and chemical properties, but unlike other planets, it has a pronounced outer and inner core. The outer layer is represented by a hard shell, consisting mainly of silicate. It is separated from the mantle by a boundary with an increased velocity of seismic longitudinal waves. The upper viscous part of the mantle and the hard crust form the lithosphere. The asthenosphere is located under it.

The main changes in the crystal structure occur at a depth of 660 km. It separates the lower mantle from the upper one. Under the mantle itself, there is a liquid layer of molten iron with impurities of sulfur, nickel and silicon. This is the core of the Earth. The above seismic measurements showed that the core consists of two parts - a liquid outer and a solid inner.

The form

The earth has the shape of an oblate ellipsoid. The average diameter of the planet is 12,742 km, the circumference is 40,000 km. The equatorial bulge was formed due to the rotation of the planet, which is why the equatorial diameter is 43 km larger than the polar one. The highest point is Mount Everest, and the deepest is the Mariana Trench.

Chemical composition

The approximate mass of the Earth is 5.9736 1024 kg. The approximate number of atoms is 1.3-1.4 1050. Composition: iron - 32.1%; oxygen - 30.1%; silicon - 15.1%; magnesium - 13.9%; sulfur - 2.9%; nickel - 1.8%; calcium - 1.5%; aluminum - 1.4%. All other elements make up 1.2%.

Internal structure

Like other planets, the Earth has an internal layered structure. These are mainly metal cores and hard silicate shells. The inner heat of the planet is possible due to a combination of residual heat and radioactive decays of isotopes.

The hard shell of the Earth - the lithosphere - consists of the upper part of the mantle and the earth's crust. It has movable folded belts and stable platforms. Lithospheric plates move along the plastic asthenosphere, which behaves like a viscous superheated fluid, where the level of seismic wave velocity decreases.

The earth's crust represents the upper solid part of the earth. It is separated from the mantle by the Mokhorovich boundary. There are two types of crust - oceanic and continental. The first is composed of basic rocks and a sedimentary cover, the second is composed of granite, sedimentary and basaltic. The entire earth's crust is divided into lithospheric plates of different sizes, which move relative to each other.

The thickness of the earth's continental crust is 35-45 km, in the mountains it can reach 70 km. With increasing depth in the composition, the amount of iron and magnesium oxides increases, and the amount of silica decreases. The upper part of the continental crust is represented by a discontinuous layer of volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The layers are often wrinkled. There is no sedimentary shell on the shields. Below there is a boundary layer of granites and gneisses. Behind it is a basalt layer composed of gabbros, basalts and metamorphic rocks. They are separated by a conditional boundary - the Konrad surface. Under the oceans, the thickness of the crust reaches 5-10 km. It is also divided into several layers - top and bottom. The first consists of kilometer-sized bottom sediments, the second - of basalt, serpentinite and sediment interlayers.

The Earth's mantle is a silicate shell located between the core and the earth's crust. It makes up 67% of the entire mass of the planet and approximately 83% of its volume. It occupies a wide range of depths and has phase transitions, which affects the density of the structure of minerals. The mantle is also divided into lower and upper parts. The second, in turn, consists of the substrate, the Gutenberg and Golitsyn layers.

The results of current research indicate that the composition of the earth's mantle is similar to chondrites - stony meteorites. Mainly oxygen, silicon, iron, magnesium and other chemical elements are present here. Together with silicon dioxide, they form silicates.

The deepest and most central part of the Earth is the Core (geosphere). The presumptive composition is iron-nickel alloys and siderophilic elements. It lies at a depth of 2900 km. The approximate radius is 3485 km. The temperature in the center can reach 6000 ° С with pressures up to 360 GPa. Approximate weight - 1.9354 1024 kg.

The geographic envelope represents the near-surface parts of the planet. The earth has a special variety of relief. Approximately 70.8% is covered with water. The underwater surface is mountainous and consists of mid-ocean ridges, submarine volcanoes, oceanic plateaus, trenches, submarine canyons and abyssal plains. 29.2% belongs to the surface parts of the Earth, which consist of deserts, mountains, plateaus, plains, etc.

Tectonic processes and erosion are constantly changing the surface of the planet. The relief is formed under the influence of atmospheric precipitation, temperature fluctuations, weathering and chemical influences. Glaciers, coral reefs, meteorite impacts and coastal erosion also have a particular impact.

The hydrosphere is all the water reserves of the Earth. A unique feature of our planet is the presence of liquid water. The main part is in the seas and oceans. The total mass of the World Ocean is 1.35 1018 tons. All water is divided into salt and fresh, of which only 2.5% is drinkable. Most of the fresh water is contained in glaciers - 68.7%.

Atmosphere

The atmosphere is a shell of gas that surrounds the planet, which consists of oxygen and nitrogen. Carbon dioxide and water vapor are found in small amounts. Under the influence of the biosphere, the atmosphere has changed a lot since its inception. Owing to the appearance of oxygenic photosynthesis, aerobic organisms began to develop. The atmosphere protects the Earth from cosmic rays and determines the weather on the surface. Also, thanks to it, the circulation of air masses, the water cycle and heat transfer are regulated. The atmosphere is divided into stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere and exosphere.

Chemical composition: nitrogen - 78.08%; oxygen - 20.95%; argon - 0.93%; carbon dioxide - 0.03%.

Biosphere

The biosphere is a collection of parts of the planet's envelopes inhabited by living organisms. She is susceptible to their effects and is busy with the results of their life. It includes parts of the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. It is home to several million species of animals, microorganisms, fungi and plants.

That's a very difficult question. And one can hardly give an exhaustive answer to it. At least for the time being. The Earth itself keeps its past, and there is no one to tell about this past - it was so long ago.

Scientists are slowly "questioning" the Earth through the study of radioactive rocks and get some answers. But the recognized past of the Earth is not final, but goes back to an even more distant past - what was before its solidification? Scientists compare the planets with each other in their present state and try to judge the evolution of the Earth by them. Learning about the world is a long and not so easy process.
There are many hypotheses about the origin of the Earth and other planets, some of which we will consider on our website separately.
Modern hypotheses about the origin of the solar system must take into account not only the mechanical characteristics of the solar system, but also take into account the numerous physical data on the structure of the planets and the sun.
In the field of cosmogony, a stubborn ideological struggle has been and is being continued, since the worldview of scientists is sharply affected here. Proponents of the theory of creationism, for example, believe that the age of the Earth is no more than 10,000 years, while proponents of the evolutionary theory measure the age of the Earth in billions of years.

Thus, there is still no hypothesis that answers all questions about the origin of the Earth and other planets of the solar system. But scientists are increasingly agreeing that the sun and the planets were formed simultaneously (or almost simultaneously) from a single material environment, from a single gas-dust cloud.
There are the following hypotheses about the origin of the planets of the solar system (including the Earth): the hypothesis of Laplace, Kant, Schmidt, Buffon, Hoyle, etc.

Basic modern scientific theory

The emergence of the Solar System began with the gravitational compression of a gas and dust cloud, in the center of which the most massive body, the Sun, was formed. The matter of the protoplanetary disk gathered into small planetesimals, which collided with each other and formed planets. Some of the planetesimals were ejected from the inner regions into the Kuiper Belt and into the Oort cloud.
Kuiper Belt - the region of the solar system from the orbit of Neptune to a distance of about 55 AU. e. from the sun. Although the Kuiper Belt is similar to the asteroid belt, it is about 20 times wider and more massive than the latter. Like the asteroid belt, it consists mainly of small bodies, that is, material left over after the formation of the solar system. Unlike asteroid belt objects, which are primarily composed of rocks and metals, Kuiper belt objects are composed primarily of volatiles (called ice) such as methane, ammonia, and water. There are at least three dwarf planets in this region of near space: Pluto, Haumea, and Makemake. It is believed that some satellites of the planets of the solar system (satellite of Neptune - Triton and satellite of Saturn - Phoebus) also originated in this area.
Oort Cloud - a hypothetical spherical region of the solar system serving as a source of long-period comets. Instrumentally, the existence of the Oort cloud has not been confirmed, however, many indirect facts indicate its existence.
The Earth was formed about 4.54 billion years ago from the solar nebula. Volcanic degassing created the primary atmosphere on earth was created by volcanic activity, but there was almost no oxygen in it, it would be toxic and not suitable for life. Most of the Earth was molten due to active volcanism and frequent collisions with other space objects. One such major collision is believed to have led to the tilt of the earth's axis and the formation of the moon. Over time, such space bombardments ceased, which allowed the planet to cool down and form a solid crust. The water delivered to the planet by comets and asteroids condensed into clouds and oceans. The earth finally became hospitable to life, and its earliest forms enriched the atmosphere with oxygen. For at least the first billion years, life on Earth was small and microscopic. Well, then the process of evolution began.
As we said earlier, there is no consensus on this matter. Therefore, hypotheses about the origin of the Earth and other planets of the solar system continue to arise, while old ones also exist.

J. Buffon's conjecture

Not all scientists agreed with the evolutionary scenario for the origin of the planets. Back in the 18th century, the French naturalist Georges Buffon formulated a hypothesis supported and developed by the American physicists Chamberlain and Multon. The hypothesis is as follows: once another star flew by in the vicinity of the Sun. Its attraction caused a huge tidal wave on the Sun, stretching hundreds of millions of kilometers in space. Breaking off, this wave began to twist around the Sun and disintegrate into clots, each of which formed its own planet.

F. Hoyle's hypothesis

English astrophysicist Fred Hoyle in the 20th century proposed another hypothesis: the Sun had a twin star that exploded. Most of the debris was carried away into space, the smaller part remained in the orbit of the Sun and formed planets.

Creation theory

Creationism - theological and ideological concept, according to which the main forms of the organic world (life), humanity, planet Earth, as well as the world as a whole, are considered as directly created by the Creator, or God. The term "creationism" has become popular since about the end of the 19th century, referring to concepts that recognize the truth of the history of the creation of the world in the Old Testament. It should be noted that there are several directions in the theory of creationism itself, but, for example, the Templeton Prize-winning geneticist, evolutionist and former Catholic Dominican priest Francisco Ayala believes that there are no significant contradictions between Christianity and evolutionary theory, and evolutionary theory, on the contrary, helps explain both the perfection of the world created by God, and the cause of evil in the world.

Protodeacon A. Kuraev in the book “Orthodoxy and Evolution” he writes: “Those who vaguely think that God becomes unnecessary if we stretch out the process of creation are naive. Just as naive are those who believe that the creation of the world in more than six days diminishes the greatness of the Creator. It is only important for us to remember that nothing hindered, did not restrict creative action. Everything happened according to the will of the Creator. And whether this will consisted in creating the world instantly, or in six days, or in six thousand years, or in myriads of centuries - we do not know. "

There were many hypotheses and assumptions, and with each era, depending on the accumulated knowledge, one or another assumption of the great minds of that time became relevant.

A question of all time

The question of how the Earth and life on it arose, excited the mind of man throughout his entire existence. From the moment he learned to think and speak, in the distant past he began to reflect on his origin and everything around him.

Not understanding the forces of nature and seeing the powerful force of various elements, people ranked what was happening as divine manifestations. All this was reflected in the myths of various peoples of antiquity that have come down to us.

Ancient world views

For example, the ancient Egyptians believed that the planet arose from a sacred egg created by the god Khnum from ordinary clay. According to the beliefs of the Greeks, everything came from the original Chaos, filled with water, earth, air and fire. Everything revolved, mixed, and at a certain moment the planet Gaia was born. Together with her, the god of Heaven - Uranus was created. Together they worked for a long time to fill the space with different lives.

How did the Earth begin? What did ancient China think about this?

A similar myth existed on the territory of ancient China. Chaos Hun-tun, containing a mixture of earth, water, wood, metal and fire, flew across the endless universe until the god Pan-Gu was born. Looking around, he saw emptiness and darkness. This saddened him greatly. Pulling himself together and thinking, he broke the shell of Chaos and freed Yin and Yang. Yin descended and formed the Earth, and Yang became the sky.

Modern hypotheses

In the modern world, how the Earth was born is explained by the popular cosmogonic hypothesis of Schmidt. It is known as the theory of cold formation of planets in the solar system from a cloud of gas and dust. The scientist's hypothesis today explains more fully how the planet Earth and other components of the cosmos were born.

This process had two stages, at first intermediate bodies, about a hundred kilometers in size, were formed from the gas-dust cloud. Then, under the influence of gravitational forces, large objects united, attracting other, smaller ones. After the formation of the planets, they acquired orbits in the plane of the gas-dust cloud. Warming up was due to strong compression and collision with other large objects in the nascent solar system. What was the value of Schmidt's hypothesis? It was this approach that made it possible to explain how the Earth was born and what is the regularity of the distribution of planetary masses in the solar system.

In addition, the period of formation of rocks was quite consistent with the age of our planet.

A story using Schmidt's theory of how the Earth was born will be a fun and easy method for children to learn about the world around them.

Time of the appearance of life on the planet

After a strong heating, in the process of compression, a period of cooling of the planets and newly formed bodies of our system began. And after about five hundred million years, the surface cooled down to temperatures where water could be in a liquid state. According to scientists, water was brought in during the intense bombardment by comets.

In the cooled atmosphere, condensation of water vapor occurred, which formed the primary ocean. It was during this period that the process of the emergence of the first living organisms began in the aquatic environment.

The hypothesis is confirmed, but there are many questions

The question of how life on Earth originated has been raised repeatedly, and there is no definite answer to it. There is a generally accepted theory of biochemical evolution by Oparin, proposed to the scientific world in 1924. The essence of this hypothesis is that the emergence of living organisms was preceded by a long process. In the course of a number of conditions and time, there was a complication of chemical elements - "bricks" of the building material of a living organism.

There are many opinions, but the fact is obvious

Along with other hypotheses, there is the theory of creationism. In fact, it assumes that all living organisms were created at a certain period of time by God, the Supreme Intelligence or the Great Cosmic Power. This theory has no scientific confirmation. However, this hypothesis is quite widespread not only in religious circles, but also in scientific circles. It finds application to explain the most complex issues of biochemical and biological evolution, the formation of organelles and organs such as the eyes.

Whatever the hypothesis about how the Earth was born and how life arose on our planet, you and I are direct evidence of the possibility of the existence of biological life in the Universe.

It is so nice to know that planet Earth turned out to be the most suitable for various forms of life. It has ideal temperature conditions, enough air, oxygen and safe light. It's hard to believe that this never happened. Or almost nothing, except for a molten cosmic mass of indefinite shape, floating in weightlessness. But first things first.

Explosion on a universal scale

Early theories of the origin of the universe

Scientists have put forward various hypotheses explaining the birth of the Earth. In the 18th century, the French argued that the cause was a cosmic catastrophe as a result of the collision of the Sun with a comet. The British assured that the asteroid flying past the star cut off its part, from which a number of celestial bodies subsequently appeared.

German minds have moved on. They believed that the prototype of the formation of the planets of the solar system was a cold dust cloud of incredible size. Later it was decided that the dust was hot. One thing is clear: the formation of the Earth is inextricably linked with the formation of all planets and stars that make up the solar system.

Astronomers and physicists today are unanimous in the opinion that the universe was formed after. Billions of years ago, a giant fireball exploded into pieces in outer space. This caused a gigantic outburst of matter, the particles of which possessed colossal energy. It was the power of the latter that prevented the elements from creating atoms, forcing them to repel each other. The high temperature (about a billion degrees) also contributed to this. But after a million years, space cooled down to about 4000º. From that moment, the attraction and formation of atoms of light gaseous substances (hydrogen and helium) began.

How did the Earth start?

There are several theories of the origin of our planet, each of which has its supporters and its own right to life. Of course, it is absolutely impossible to determine absolutely exactly which of the theories actually describes the appearance of the Earth and whether such a theory exists at all, but in this article we will consider each of them in detail. The question of the origin of the Earth is still not fully understood and does not have an absolutely exact answer.

Modern understanding of the origin of planet Earth

To date, the most recognized theory of the origin of the planet Earth is the theory according to which the Earth was formed from gas and dust scattered in the solar system.

According to this theory, the Sun appeared before the planets, and the Earth, like other planets of the solar system, originated from debris, gas and dust left after the formation of the Sun. Thus, it is believed that the Earth was formed about 4.5 billion years ago, and the process of its formation took about 10 - 20 million years.

The history of the development of the theory

The first to put forward this theory in 1755 was the German philosopher I. Kant. He believed that the Sun and the planets of the solar system arose from dust and gas that was scattered in space. Particles of dust and gas under the influence of the shock wave from the Big Bang moved randomly, collided with each other, transferring energy. Thus, the heaviest and largest particles were formed, which were attracted to each other and eventually formed the sun. After the Sun acquired a large size, smaller particles began to rotate around it, the paths of which intersected. Thus, gaseous rings were formed, in which light particles were attracted to the heavier nuclei, creating globular clusters, which became future planets.

There are other theories about the origin of the Earth, which at different times were put forward by different scientists and even had their followers in the future.

The tidal theory of the origin of the Earth

According to this theory, the Sun appeared much earlier than the planets, and the Earth and other planets of the solar system were formed from substances released by the Sun or other large star.

The history of the development of the theory

The history of this theory began in 1776, when the mathematician J. Buffon put forward the theory of the collision of the Sun with a comet. As a result of this collision, material was released from which both planet Earth and other planets were born.

This theory found its follower in the XX century. It was then that the scientist astrophysicist I.I. Wolfson, using computer calculations, showed that a star does not have to collide with the Sun for material to be removed. According to his theory, any large and cold star from a new cluster of stars could approach the Sun at a small distance and thereby cause giant tides both on its surface and on the Sun. The amplitude of these tides increases until the material is lifted from the Sun or an approaching star and takes place between these stellar bodies in the form of a cigar-shaped jet. Then the cold star leaves, and the jet that appears scatters onto the planets of the solar system.

How the Earth was born according to the "nebular theory"

The creator of the first nebular theory was the French astronomer and mathematician P.-S. Laplace. He believed that there was a disc of gas rotating from compression; the speed of its rotation increased until the centrifugal force at its edge began to exceed the gravitational force of attraction. After that, the disc broke, and after a while this process was repeated. Thus, the rings turned into planets, and the central mass into the Sun.

This theory explains well the fact that the Earth and the Sun rotate in the same plane and in the same direction, but it also has significant gaps.

According to this theory, the Sun should rotate very quickly (with a rotation period of several hours). However, in reality, the Sun rotates much more slowly - 1 revolution in 27 days. Another flaw in the theory is the mechanism for collecting particles into planets. The theory does not answer the question of why the substances split into rings after the disc rupture, and did not take the form of the same disc, but smaller.

This concludes the story about the origin of the planet Earth and we recommend that you read about.