Gobsek Detailed summary. Analysis of Gobsek Balzac
The story "Gobsek" appeared in 1830 later, she became part of the world-famous collection of the works "Human Comedy", the author of which is Balzac. "Gobsek", summary This product will be described below, focusing the attention of readers on such a property of human psychology as stamina.
Onor de Balzac "Gobsek": summary
It all begins with the fact that in the house of Vikontestes de Grande, two guests dressed: Strangy Dervil and Count de Reto. When the latter leaves, Vikontessex tells his daughter Camilla, that she cannot be rejected by the arrangement of the Count, because no family of Paris agrees to encourage him. Vikontesses adds that the graph's mother has a low origin and left the children without a penny, giving the condition to the lover.
Listening to Viccitess, Dervil decides to explain to her true position Affairs, told the story of the Roshchik named Gobsek. The summary of this story is the basis of the story of Balzac. Strankchy mentions that Gobsekcom met in student yearsWhen he lived in a cheap board. Dervil calls Gobsek with a coolness "man-billboard" and "Golden Istukan".
Once, the Roshovist told Dervilly, as the debt charged with one Countess: I was afraid of exposure, she handed him a diamond, and the money received her lover. "This fierce can ruin the whole family," said Gobsek. The summary of the story will prove the truthfulness of his words.
Soon, Count Maxim De Tray asks Derville to bring it with the named-named. First, Gobsek refuses to give a loan to the count, who, instead of money, alone debts. But the previously mentioned Countess arrives to the usurist, which gives magnificent diamonds to the storage. She agrees without hesitation to Gobsek's conditions. When lovers leave, the husband of the Countess is broken to the usurist and demands that the wife left to the mortgage. But as a result, the Count decides to transfer the property to Gobsek to protect his condition from the greedy lover of his wife. Next, Dervil indicates that the story described occurred in the family de resto family.
After the transaction with the Roshovshchik, the Count de Reto dreams. Countess, in turn, rustles all relations with Maxim De Triad and regards her husband, but soon he dies. The day after the death of the graph in the house are Derville and Gobsek. A summary cannot describe all the horror that appeared in front of them in the Count Cabinet. In search of the testament, his wife Count is a real defeat, without having dead. And most importantly, she burned papers addressed to Dervil, as a result of which the property of the de resto family passed into the possession of Gobsek. Despite the prayers of Derville to complicate over the unfortunate family, the uplist remains adamant.
Having learned about the love of Camillas and Ernest, Dervil decides to go to the House of Roshchik named Gobsek. The summary of the final part amazes with its psychologism. Gobsek at death, but in old age his stratum turned into mania. At the end of the story, Dervil reports Viscateste de Grand, which Count de Reto will soon return the lost state. Thinking, noble lady decides that if de restau will become very rich, then her daughter may well get married him.
The score of further events becomes the scene when Maxim De Triad annoyed to Derville convinces young lawyer to accompany him to Gobsek and recommend him to the Roshovist as his friend. In the debt of Gobsek under any recommendations would not give anything to Maxim. But the same hour arrived at the same hour with diamonds belonging to her husband and her children, ready to lay them, just to help her lover.
At the screaming of the Roshovshchik, in the raw dark room there is a greedy dispute between those who keep an unlimited amount of money, and those. Who is accustomed to embassy them.
Paints of amazing power are embedded in this pattern of the cargo. The eldest daughter of Papashi Gorio in this everyday scene, contrary to her sub-hand role, especially beautiful. Having mastered the passion, her anxiety, the most consciousness of the crime of her actions, the fear of failures and even exposure - all this does not erase, and increases the radiance of sharp and coarse beauty.
And the diamonds that she lay out. Sparkle Balzac with a triple force under the pen. The senile eye at Gobsek, but piercingly eaten and passionate. His eyes of a furious connoisseur we see the rarest jewel family de Reto.
Pick up such diamonds! Get them for a shipment! Yes, and throw Maxim at the expense of the money issued by its former debt receipts acquired from other Rostovists on the cheap!
Almost Anastasi and Maxim left Gobsek's dwelling, he rejoices. This is full of his celebration. All this saw Derville, penetrating far behind the scenes of Parisian life dedicated to the most intimate secrets ...
Count de Reto, deducted by the behavior of his wife, killed by grief and the conscious that his days were considered, concerned about the fate of his son Ernest. It is clear that two younger do not belong to him. After making sure the scrubral honesty of the Roshovshchik, he decides to entrust him all his state in order to protect him from the waste of Anastasi. Ernest should get this state per day of majority. To this, and leads his night narration in the Salon of Mrs. de Grand.
In his story there is another striking scene. Dervil will find out from Gobsek that Count de Reto under death. At the same time, Gobsek drops the phrase, which at once detects his insight, unexpected by his responsiveness to someone else's peaceful suffering, and the same phrase contains the final characteristics of Anastasi's husband: "This is one of those delicate souls that do not know how to defeat their grief and substitute themselves under death hit".
Dervil seeks to meet with a dying graph, and he is impatiently waiting for him: they need to end the case with a will, which will not leave without a penny, and the younger children, the main wealth will save for Ernest. But Anastasi, fearing everything to lose, does not allow a lawyer to his client.
The mental state of Anastasi, the impending insightful striving, is given with amazing clarity and completeness. Her bitter disappointment in Maksima, her annoying that she fell into such a position, and the desire to charm and disgrace Derville, whom she considers her enemy, and shame before him, as a witness of the scene at a degree in a degree, and a firm solution to any price, if necessary, Crime, capture fully the inheritance of the dying husband.
No matter how difficult the tangle of heterogeneous thoughts and feelings, the frantically passionate struggle for money is decisive. That is why in the image of an abstract state of Anastasi de Reto no less deep criticism of the proprietary, bourgeois world than even in the image of the Roshchik.
At night, Derville and Gobsek, who informed about the death of the count, appeared in the house and penetrated the deceased room.
The tragedy of the situation, completely personal, acquires the character of a terrible symbol under the pen, implanting the proposal of the proprietary world.
"The terrifying mess reigned in this room. The disheveled, with burning eyes, the countess, stunned, stood in the midst of their clothes, papers, all sorts of rags ... barely only died, as his widow immediately hacked all the boxes ... Everywhere there was an imprint of her bold hands ... The deceased corpse was thrown back and lay across bed As one of the envelopes, torn and abandoned on the floor ... The imprint of her legs was still visible on the pillow. "
The dying de restau called by Derville and pressed the cancellation of the previous testament to the breast. Under the insistence of a lawyer, conscious of his rightness, Resto included in his testament and wife and younger children. It was this testament in fright and invoking Anastasi managed to burn. She herself deprived himself.
Gobsek was knocked up to the hands and house, and all the possessions of the aristocratic family. He began to host clarity and scoop, multiplying wealth. Mrs. De Grande can be calm for her daughter: in a few days, Ernest de Reto completely, and even in a multiplied form will receive their inheritance.
The tragedy of the family de Reto: Madness of waste, like insanity of misappropriate, leads to the same end. This novel in the novel gives a whole product truly tragic.
Conclusion
The last pages of Novella are described by the death of a usurist. Dervil found him crawling around the room, already powerless to climb and lie on the bed. Gobseka gave up that the room is full of lively glowing gold. And he rushed to rush him.
So that there was no neighbors from him, Gobsek one held several rooms, cluttered all sorts of snack, which all rotted, and even fish had a mustache.
Until the last days of his life, Gobsek swallowed outless states and was not unable to digest them. If gold succumbed to rot, it would have rotted it.
One thought was oppressed by the dying Gobsek: he parted with his wealth.
Onor de Balzak is called the "king of novelists." He managed to raise the genre of Roman to artistic perfection and social significance. But also more short ...
Gobsek: Summary Tale O. Balzak
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30.04.2018 12:00Onor de Balzak is called the king of novelists. He managed to raise the genre of Roman to artistic perfection and give him social significance. But the shorter works are worthy of all sorts of praise. Tale "Gobsek" - the best thing example.
Gobsek
The story was written in January 1830 and entered the cycle of works "Human Comedy". The main characters in it were the Rovovicker Gobsek, the family of the Count Resto and the Strangy Derville. The main topic of the story was the passion. One side, the main character He studies human passions - to wealth, women, authorities, on the other - the author himself shows that even a person's magnificent life can destroy the all-consuming passion for gold and enrichment. The history of this person can be found from the story of Balzak Gobsek. Summary read in this article.
In the salon Vikontesses
About Gobsek told the Strangy Dervil in the salon Viccites. Once the young Count of Resto and he took it late, who took only because he helped her to return the property confiscated during the revolution. When the count goes, she argues her daughter, which should not be too frankly showing the count of its location, because no one becomes relaxed with the graph because of the mother.
Of course, now I have not been anything reprehensible for her, but in the time of youth, this person behaved very imprudently. Her father was a boggler, but worst that she droked his lover all his fortune and left his children without money. Count is very poor and not a couple of Camilla. Derville, sympathizing in love, intervened in the conversation and explained the Viconteste, as everything was actually. With the story of Derville and start a summary of the "Gobsek" summary of the Balzak.
Acquaintance with Gobsekom
In the student years I had to live in the guest house, where he met Gobsek. This old man was a very remarkable appearance: yellow, like a ferret, eyes, a long sharp nose and subtle lips. His sacrifices threatened and cried, but the Roshchist kept the coolness - "Golden Istuban". With the neighbors did not communicate, the relationship was supported only with Derville, and revealed him somehow the secret of power over people - he told how the debt was charged with one lady.
Countess Resto
The retelling of the "Gobsek" brief content of Onor de Balzak will continue the narrative of the Roshovist about this announcement. The money looked at the degree of her lover, and she, afraid of exposure, presented a diamond roster. Looking at the young blonde handsome, the future of the Countess could be easily predicted - such a fierce could ruin more than one family.
Dervil graduated from the course of the right and received a Clerk position in the counter the Stranat. To buy a patent, he needs one hundred and fifty thousand francs. Gobsek leaned him under thirteen percent of money, and the price of stubborn work with the Roshovshchik Dervilly managed to settle for five years.
Deceived husband
We continue to consider the summary of Gobsek. Somehow Count Maxim asked Derville to introduce him to Gobsek. But the old Rostover refused to give him a loan, because a person who had three hundred thousand debts did not inspire confidence in him. Maxim, after a while he returned with a beautiful lady, and the threshing immediately found out that the very Countess. The lady was going to give magnificent diamonds to the Roshchik, and the Strana tried to prevent this, but Maxim hinted that he would bring abuse with life. The countess agreed to the bible conditions.
The summary of Gobsek will continue the story of how after their departure to Gobseku broke out demanding to return the mortgage to the husband of the Countess, explaining that his spouse had no right to dispose of the old family jewels. The Rostovist advised Count by a fictitious sale to rewrite all its condition on a reliable person. So he could save from the ruin of his children.
After some time, the count came to the Strana to learn about Gobsek. To which he answered him that she would have entrusted such a person as a Roshovist, even his children. The count immediately rewrote his property on Gobsek, wanting to protect him from the spouse and her young lover.
Count graph
What will the short content of Gobsek tell us about? Vikontesa, taking advantage of the pause, sent a daughter to sleep, for there is no need to listen to a young girl, to what a woman comes to what a woman who has introduced known norms. Camilla left, and Dervil immediately said that the conversation was about Countess de Reto.
Soon, Dervil learned that the count himself was seriously ill, and the spouse does not allow a strish thing to make a deal. At the end of 1824, the Countess herself was convinced of the feast and broke with him. She so zealously cared for a sick husband that many were ready to forgive her unworthy behavior. In fact, the Countess simply launched her prey.
Graph, without having achieved a meeting with a threshold, wants to give the documents to the Son, but the Countess in every way prevents it. IN last hours Her husband puts his husband on his knees, but the count remained adamant - he did not give her paper.
Death of Roshovshchik
The summary of Gobsek continues the story about how the next day Gobsek and Dervil came to the house of the graph. Their eyes opened a terrifying spectacle: the Countess, without having the fact that the deceased is located in the house, she learned the real pogrom. After healing their steps, she burned the documents addressed to Dervil, and thus predetermined the fate of the entire property: it passed into the possession of Gobsek.
The Roshovist left the mansion and in Barski began to spend time in new possessions. At the requests of Derville to compress over the Countess and children, he invariably answered: "misfortune - best teacher».
When the son of the resto learns the price of money, then he will return the property. Derville, having heard about the love of a young graph and Camilla, went to the old man and found him at death. That all his property bequeathed to a relative - a public girl.
In the presentation of the summary of Gobsek, it should be noted that the old Rostover did not forget about Derville - instructed to dispose of the supplies. Seeing the rotten and flickering products, the strangius was convinced that gobsek's stiffness turned into mania. That is why he did not sell anything that was afraid to be made.
So the Vikonteste is nothing to worry about: the young resto will return its condition. What Vikontessence replied that Camilla was not at all necessary to meet with his future mother-in-law.
Tragedy Gobsek
In the center of the story of Hobsek, the brief content of which is stated above, is a person who has accumulated a huge state, but the remaining one at the end of his way is completely alone. Gobsek is so the name of this hero - it does not communicate with anyone, it gets little from the house. The only person who he trusts is Dervil. The Rostovist saw in him and a business comrade, and a smart interlocutor, and a good person.
Young threshing, communicating with the old man, is gaining experience, asks for recommendations and advice. Watching the usurist, Dervil concluded that two people live in it: the creature is petty and elevated, the soul and philosopher.
Life experience taught the old man to evaluate a person at first sight, think and analyze. He often reasoned about the meaning of life. But with age, passion for money was still prevailed and gradually turned into worship. Elevated feelings have grown into egoism, greed and cynicity. If in his youth he dreamed of knowing the world, then by the end of his life his main goal was the hunt for money. But they did not bring happiness to him, he died alone with his millions.
As can be seen from a summary of chapters, Gobsek and his whole life is a tragedy of not a separate person, but a whole system. Gobsek's life only confirms the well-known expression: happiness is not in money. Balzac on his example showed what the mindless worship of the coin calls.
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In winter, 1829 in the salon Vikontessee de Grand Dervil delayed. The edge of the ear he hears the persistent requirement of viscons addressed to her daughter, seventeen years old Kamille, is to stop providing the marks of the Count Ernesut de Reto. Despite the fact that the young graph has an excellent reputation in society, in no case cannot be considered a girl from a rich and decent family (namely such a Camilla) as a potential groom. The fact is that the mother of the graph, "a woman who can swallow a million state, especially low origin, in his youth caused too much sense about himself ... While his mother, nor in a single decent family, the parents are not discarded to entrust to this cute young man's future Drawing his daughter. "
Dervil asks for permission to join the conversation: he has a story in stock, hearing that Vikontesse, most likely, will change its opinion about the young Mr. de Reto. At first glance, it may seem strange that the simple threshing is so easy to adopt in the house of Vikontesses and even dares to give advice to this rich and noble lady. But Vikontessess sincerely considers Dervy La one of the most devoted his friends. The fact is that young threshing actually saved the family de Grandfather from poverty. Mrs. de Grandfather returned to Paris along with the royal family, lived extremely armsily (only on "Assistance, appointed from the sums of civil sheet"). Dervil discovered inaccuracies when selling the republic of her estates, returned the family mansion of the Viccitess and, having enlisted her trust, began to lead her property affairs. Dervil won the process for the process, sought the return of the Vicontes of Forest and Shares of Enterprises and finally returned her all her huge fortune. Dervil has a reputation as a person of an honest, knowledgeable, modest, with good manners. Through the Vicontes and her acquaintances, he expanded his clientele and began to flourish.
Dervil tells the story, witness and the participant of which was in his youth. He removed the room in the same house with a realmist on the name Gobsek. "The features of the Gobsek face, motionless, impassive, like Talleyran, seemed cast out of bronze. Eyes ... did not endure bright light. The sharp tip of the long nose ... looked like a bull, and the lips were thin, like alchemists and ancient old people in Rembrandt's paintings and mats. Speaking this man quietly, gently, never hot. His age was a mystery ... whether he was up to the time or was well preserved and remains young for ever. " The only person with whom Gobsek has something similar to personal relationships, was a young derville. Gobsek's condition was "hidden from an extraneous eye somewhere in the basements of banks." He himself is very modest. Gobsek did not communicate with relatives and had no intention to leave any of them at least a small share of his vast state. Gobsek "seemed rather indifferent to the issues of religion than unbelievers." According to Gobsek, "Happiness is in the exercise of its abilities in relation to everyday reality ... From all the earthly goods there is only one thing, it is quite reliable that it cost a person to chase him. Is this gold". OI despises secular women, because at the heart of any of their embellites lie nonsense, rashness or meaningless passion. Gobsek tells young twiser two short history of the requirements of their payments with women. The heroine of the first story - Countess de Reto. She agreed with a young and brazed handsome, a man without principles and a permanent of other people's money, Maxim De Tria. When Gobsek is to demand money to her, the Countess becomes in the pose, pretends that he does not understand how Gobsek can "decide" to demand money from her when, knowing her position in the world, he must definitely "respect." Gobsek continues politely, but persistently demand payment. At this point in Coyuvat, the Countess includes her husband. The frightened countess gives the Gobhekuka ring with a diamond at the expense of debt repayment and whisper begging him to leave her house. The Countess is madly afraid that her husband will be aware of her connection and about huge money, which she spends on Maxim De Tria. Gobsek is also good, which is Maxim De Tray, predicts the future of Countess De Reto. "This blond handsome, a soulless player, will go ruared himself, will ruin her, she will ruin her husband, raising the children, trading their inheritance, and in other salons will learn how to defeat the artillery battery in the enemy troops."
The heroine of the second story, which Gobsek says, is the young white pests of Fanny Mallo. The girl makes a living by her work, she is clean spiritually, virtuous and honest. Funky carefully pays the desired amount required. After talking to her, even Gobsek, absolutely indifferent to women, thinks that the beautiful wife and mother of the family would come out of Fanny.
Gobsek considers such history with its entertainment. "Isn't it curious to look into the most intimate bends of the human heart? Isn't it curious to penetrate someone else's life and see it without embellishment, in all the uncomplicated height? .. Some in love young girl, an old merchant, standing on the threshold of ruin, mother trying to hide the misdemeanor, an artist without a piece of bread, noble, which I fell into disfavor and, that and looked, because of the launcher will lose the fruits of my long efforts, - all these people sometimes amaze me by the strength of their own words. Magnificent actors! And they give an idea for me one! But they never manage to deceive me ... But can you refuse something that in the hands of a bag with gold? I am rich enough to buy a human conscience, manage the All-Fivy Ministers through their favorites, starting with the stationery servants and ending with mistresses. Is it not power? I can, if I wish, possess beautiful women and buying gentle affairs. Is it not pleasure? Doesn't the power and pleasure make up the basis of your new building? Such as I, in Paris, ten people; We are the rulers of your destinies - quiet, not led by anyone ... We are owned by the secrets of all prominent families. We have a kind of "Black Book", where we enhance information about the state loan, about banks, about trade ... One of us is supervised for the judicial environment, the other for the financial, the third is for the highest officials, the fourth - for merchants. And under my supervision there is a golden youth, actors and artists, secular people, players - the most advanced part of the Paris society. And everyone tells us about the secrets of the neighbors. Cheated passion, vulnerable vanity boltles. Vices, disappointment, revenge - the best police agents. Like me, my congratulations enjoyed everyone, everyone was happy and now they just love power and money for the most possession of power and money ... here come with Moloto ... And the most silent merchant, and the most proud beauty, and the most proud military .. . And the famous artist and writer, whose name will live in the centuries. "
In 1818-1819. Dervil addresses Gobsek as a request for a loan to redeem a notarized office of his broken cartridge. Dervil decides to go to a dewriter not humiliated as a friend, but having cold practical calculations in their hands. He explains Gobsek in business, from what income and for how long the credit to return him to him. Listening to the clear answers to your questions, analyzing the numbers offered by Derville, Gobsek remains very pleased with his young friend. However, he puts to Dervilu enough. Dervil agrees and, due to the fact that he is vigorously and skillfully leads their affairs, it comes to a debt not at ten, and in five years. All these years, Gobsek diligently recommends the young robust to his influential acquaintances, so Dervil is literally not a penalty from customers. Paying with a debt and firmly ending on his feet, Dervil marries Fanny Majo. Dervil also leads all the Gobsek litigation.
Once, Dervil turns out to be in a situation where he is forced to speak by an intermediary in the settlement of relations between Gobsek and Maxim De Tria. Gobsek refuses to pay anything on bills de Tray, as it knows perfectly well that de tray is a complete bankrupt. However, the joinding fierce continues brazenly and arrogantly repeat that his bills are reliable, and "will be paid." Gobsek requires a significant pledge of solvency de tray. He leads to him Countess de Reto. She leaves his family diamonds for half to the full (with the right of subsequent redemption). Gobsek issues a check for fifty thousand francs, and the missing thirty thousand gives bills de Triad (which have no value). Countess there is no choice, and it is necessary, under pressure de tray, agree to the conditions of Gobsek. Shortly after the care of the Countess and her lover to the Roshovist is a Countess husband. According to the laws of that time, the Count may protest the deal, since a married woman has no right to sell without the consent of her husband, no shared values. but trial It will certainly be wrapped by a scandal in society and the connection of the Countess and Maxim de Try will be made public. With the mediation of Derville, the Count de Reto and Gobsek suffers a settlement agreement. Count redeems family diamonds. Having learned about the betrayal of his wife, about her limitless motorcycle, as well as that two of her three of her children were captured by her from de Triad, the count de restau is seriously ill. He decides to send all the property to the eldest son, so that nothing has happened. For this, the Count de Reto creates the appearance of what loses its condition, gradually translating it, on the advice of Dervil, in the name of Gobsek. The Count considers the Roshchik highly reliable and decent, and most importantly - a sober-minded person. Dervil explains the count that the younger children are not guilty of mothers's promiscuity; They also bear the name de Reto and should be at least somehow provided by the graph after its death. The Count agrees with Derville, rewrites the testament, highlighting and younger children share of inheritance.
When Dervil is interested in Gobsek, why of all people only he and the Count de Reto called the location and participation of the Roshchistka, he answers: "Because you have some trusted me without any tricks." The huge interest, which at one time put Dervil Gobsek, the Rostovist explains what he did not want Derville to feel at least something he was obliged to him. That is why they became true friends.
Gradually, the Count de Reto "ruins." His property flows into the hands of Gobsek, who, after the death of the count and achieve his older son of the majority, undertakes to introduce a young man into the rights of inheritance by a giant state. Derville is appointed by the attorney, it leads all the "paper" cases inherited by the graph.
Count de Reto feels so bad that no longer stands out of bed. He repeatedly sends a dervil, but he can't get to him. The fact is that the Countess realized that her husband intends to deprive her and her inheritance children. She watches her husband, sleeping under the doors of his bedroom, does not pass to him Derville, controls the visits to him servants. "In the house she was a full-awake mistress and everything subordinated to her female spy." All this Countess deftly masks under the distortion of passionate love for her husband and the desire to be all the time. Graph does not want to see his wife. His eldest son Ernest is almost incredible in his room. The boy sincerely loves his father, cares about him, but even his beloved son cannot trust. Ernest passionately loves her mother, and that in all kinds of ways gives a child in a child, which he told him the Father behind the closed doors of his bedroom. Countess assures Ernest that she was slandered, and therefore his father no longer wants to see her, although she herself dreams to make him. The boy believes everything. When the count becomes quite bad and he already understands that his letters to Dervil are simply not sent by servants, he is decided to ask Ernest to contact Derville. The boy promises to fulfill the request of the Father, but the mother again brings and cunning from a child, which instructed him his father. Count rises from bed, coming out of the room and shouts to his wife. He blames the Council that she "poisoned" his life and tried to make the same vicious man from his son, as she herself. Countess falls in front of her husband on his knees, begging to spare children, leaving them at least something. An explanation with his wife takes away the last strength from the count, and at night he dies. Derville with Gobsekom come to the Count House already when everything is over. They are met by Ernest. He conveys a letter from his father, but asks not to enter the bedroom of the deceased. According to Ernest, mother prays there. Gobsek ironically laughs, moves Ernest to the side and swing the door to the bedroom of the graph "everything in the room is inverted upside down. Count things with twisted pockets are lying in a mess on the floor, the carpet will settle scraps of paper, the corpse of the graph falls down from the bed, "contemptuously discarded" by his wife, which rushes in his documents, tenders, in which, in her opinion, may contain a willing Her and her children. Part of the papers she managed to quit in the fireplace (among them and the will, according to which the deceased graph provided the younger children of a solid share of inheritance). Caught with political, shooting with insane eyes looks at Gobsek and Derville. Dervil announces to her that she ruined her children when he burned the testament. Gobsek announces that, from now on, he is the owner of the entire state of the graph, his homes and the whole property. Countess and all three children turn out to be without a penny. Dervil believes the act Gobsek, "extinguishing the crime of the Countess" is disgusting. In his opinion, the Rostovist was supposed to spare an unhappy woman for children. But Gobsek is adamant. The countess begins to "conduct a heroic life", fully devotes to children, gives them a brilliant education, breaks a connection with Maxim De Tria. Ernest and his brother and sister are brought up in poverty, but in the atmosphere of deep decency. Gobsek does not give anything to Ernest, because he believes that "misfortune is the best teacher. In misfortune, it will learn a lot, learns the price of money, the price of people - men and women. Let him swim through the waves of the Parisian Sea. And when it becomes a skillful pilot, we will produce it in the captains. "
The story, told by the Viconteste de Grand Dervil, ends that the recently died, and now everything is moving towards Erneuta de Reto. It can be considered a worthy fiance for Camilla, and in addition, the sufficient capital of mother and his sister will highlight, so that they do not need anything.
Dervil tells O. recent days Gobsek's life. Rostovist fell into insanity. He stored the gifts in the rooms of his house (bribes), who brought him - coffee, tea, fish, oyster, etc. because of the misfortune, which over the years has become just incredible, he did not sell products to the stores, and all this rotted. Gobsek did not hang the fireplace, because he kept a bunch of gold in ashes. In the books, he hid treasury tickets. The rooms were lit by expensive things (non-billioned mortgages) - boxes with jewels, vases, paintings, books, engravings, rareholds. Nothing Gobsek used. After the death of the Roshovshchka, Dervil is asked by the question of who will now get this incredible wealth. Before the death of Gobsek, suggesting him to himself, asks to take himself everything that Dervil would want. In addition, the Roshovist instructs Derville to find him the grandeten niece, which he never helped, but which he now wants to provide.
Anastasi de Reto
As in the novel of the stand "Red and Black" - in the story of Balzak "Gobsek", women's images are important. This is not by chance, since research of psychology and the social role of a woman is one of the key topics of realistic literature. Two central women's figures - Anastasi de Reto and Fanny Malva - are in a clear and sharp opposition. When the outstanding French cultureologist Rolan Bart metka noted that "comparison is a search for differences based on similarities." Apply its formula on these characters. What is like that, and what is great?
So, both heroines are young and attractive Zovnіsho. For the first time about Anastasi de Reto, Gobsek recalls: "What kind of beauty I saw there! In a hurry, she just threw a cashmere shawl on the naked shoulders and slept so skillfully that the forms of her beautiful body were easily guessed under the shawl. The head of the Countess was casually tied, like Creolek, a bright silk golk, from which lush black curls were knocked out. I liked it. " As you can see, the beauty of a young woman even appreciated the "old squeak" and "tear".
Not with little sympathy is also depicted portrait of Fanny Malva: "I was taken by Mademoiselle Fanny, a young girl, weared simply, but with the grace of Parisanka; She had a graceful head, freshly face, a friendly look; Beautifully combed brown hair, descending two pivs and covering whiskey, gave some sophisticated expression to her blue eyes, clean, like a crystal. Daylight, breaking through through the curtains on the windows, illuminated with a soft glow all its modest look. "
Onor de Balzac is extremely skillfully building a story: a mirror situation - both women owed one thousand francs and had to return this money in one day! In other words, the Gobsek Roshovist to recover debts on bills should be seen at the same time. Therefore, the difference between these heroes is still contrasting, it is emphasized by intentionally.
For the aristocrat, which annually spends two thousand francs only for washing ("There was a peignoir, decorated with snow-white Ryushche," he also spent less than two thousand francs a year here were only on the launch, because not every will take for washing such a thin underwear. " ), repay a loan for a thousand francs is not a problem. But for a mesh, a simple seamstress Fanny Malva ("This girl needed to work to work, not flexing the backs") a thousand francs were a huge amount, so to boot from Gobsek for her will be problematic. And what happened in return? The seamstress was not only ready to return his debt already in the morning, but also left the money of the Vorotartzi, when he went after night work in the Seine, so that she gave this money Gobsekov. But the magnificent countess, without having something to pay the debt and frightened a man who unexpectedly went into her bedroom, hastily gave a diamond to the usurist, the cost of which twenty percent exceeded the amount of debt. And such an attitude towards family jewels is a direct path to the debt to the pit and a nonsense of your honest name.
In addition, if Fanny gave his debt receipt to the web trader (she, as the seamstress, took him into the debt of the cloth to work), then Anastasi de Reto paid even not his bill, and his lover's debts, Maxim de Try. The young aristocrat actually came pronounced to this soulless "young France, who became her evil genius, assuming her, using all her weaknesses: Gordini, jealousy, the desire for joy, to the worldly bustle, "and" even the virtues of this woman he used in his own interests, he knew how to tamper her to tears, awaken in it the generosity, abused her tenderness and devotion And dearly sold her criminal joy. " It should be noted that Gobsek predicted the collapse of this couple even when their first bill of exchange hit him: "And on his face I read the entire future of the Countess. This blonde handsome man, this cold, a soulless gambler and will go broke, and will break the countess, it will break her husband, the children will procindize their inheritance, and in many other salons will learn how to defeat the artillery battery in the enemy shelf. "
E. Tuduz. Illustration for the story of O. De Balzak "Gobsek". 1897
Note that the then criticism and aristocrats reproached Balzak (and he himself was not without pride and pleasure wrote a noble particle "de" in front of his last name) for portraying the aristocrats extremely negative. Yes, he really sympathized with aristocrats, but his work (in particular, and the story "Gobsek") is also interesting that, as a real realist, he depicts "Life as it is" and people, what they are ": t. e. Objectively, and therefore criticizes both aristocrats and bourgeois. So, when Maxim de Try, having achieved from Anastasi de Reto, the next payment of his debts and warning Gobsek and Derville to keep this transaction in secret, because, they say, or their blood, or his blood, in response, received a killer characteristic of the Roshchik: "To shed His blood, a guy, you have to have it, and you have dirt in the veins instead of blood. "
However, the opposite of heroin is implemented not only at the level of portraits, but also in the interior of housing. So, in the luxurious bedroom, the Countess reigns a mess - the hostess all night had fun on the ball and did not have the strength to bring at least elementary order in his own things: "The bed is disclosed by Zіiban testified of a disturbing sleep. At the bearish skins, distinguished under the lions, carved on the bed of mahogany, Bells of satin shoes that their woman carelessly dropped there, returned to the tired of the ball. From the back of the chair hung the crumpled dress, touching the floor sleeves. Stockings that would blow up the easiest breath of the breeze, wrapped around the legs of the chair. Chest boxes remained nominated. Flowers, diamonds, gloves, bouquet, belt were scattered throughout the room. Everywhere there was a luxury and a mess, beauty, devoid of harmony. " In general, harmony is beauty, and here "Beauty, devoid of harmony". No wonder they say that the external tidiness of a person is associated with its inner harmony, and, on the contrary, the external disorder is almost always associated with spiritual disorder. Scientists even argue that the degradation of a person on a desert island (once again recall Robinson, which in such conditions not only did not degrade, but even improved!) Begins with indifference to his appearance.
Of course, on the ball, among the luxuriously dressed public, and especially in the presence of Maxim de Traci, Mrs. Anastasi played the role of a brilliant lady. However, this shine was showing, it was tinsel, so to speak, "for removal of the eyes." And rejoicing, the young woman had less strength to clean up and in her dress, and in the shower. So slowly and imperceptibly dies a healthy tree: a third-party observer first sees the intact bark and the green crown, but from the inside it is already ruined the worm. Also, Anastasi de Reto - Outwardly, it is still attractive ("Natural energy has been extended in it, and all these traces of bad life did not spoil her beauty"), but Gobsek's heartfelt eye saw: from the inside this woman was already tolding the simpleness, lies and debauchery. He says Dervil about his future observations of the interior of the Bedroom Bedrooms De Reto: "And already poverty, commucion in all this luxury, let down the head and threatened this woman or her beloved, showing her sharp teeth. The tired face of the Countess was suitable for her bedroom (and this is an element of a psychological portrait, with whom we met in the standal. - Aut.), Usiyano, the remains of yesterday's celebration. Looking at the clothes scattered everywhere and decorations, I felt pity: yesterday they constituted herd and someone admired them. These signs of love poisoned by repentance, signs of luxury, vanity and frivolity in life testified about the tantalums efforts to catch fleeting pleasures. The features of her face as if frozen, dark spots under the eyes were aggregated than usual. " The skill and intelligence of the writer felt in the use of images and winged expressions from antique mythology. Thus, the expression "Tantaliel Flour" (Balzac - "Tantalov's efforts") means suffering that arise from contemplation like a very close goal, but the simultaneous impossibility of achieving it. So, Anastasi de Reto, being in the bunch of debauchery, could not "catch fleeting pleasures." So, before us is a picture of the gradual degradation of this aristocrat.
Absolutely opposite is the view of a modest apartment of Fanny Malva, which lived in the poor district of Paris, in the courtyard, where the sun does not fall: "Narrow steep stairs I rose to the sixth floor, and they let me in the apartment of two rooms, where everything glittered cleanliness, like new coin. I did not notice any dust in the furniture in the first room. " What a contrast with a mess who reigns in the bedroom of Countess de Reto! The room Fanny differs from her as strikingly, like her clean life from dirty affairs of the cans of the devoid lady: "I looked at her and sank at first glance. Apparently, she came from the honest peasant family, because she still had a noticeable small frecklery, characteristic of rural girls. From her, he had a deep decency, a real virtue. I had a feeling that I was in the atmosphere of sincerity, spiritual purity, and I even had to breathe easily. " So, soul quality Fanny bureaucrats are significantly superior to the quality of the aristocrat of de resto. Therefore, Gobsek advises her in his wife Dervil: "When you entered, I just thought about Fanny Malva - that a good wife and mother would come out. I compared her life, virtuous and lonely, with the life of a Countess, which, starting to sign a bill, will inevitably roll on the very bottom of the shame. "
Ad Fontes.
His satire was never more acute, his irony - gіrkisoy, than when he forced to act exactly those men and women with whom he sympathized most of all, - nobles.
F. Engels (images of aristocrats in "Human Comedy")
And life confirmed that Gobsek was not mistaken: the family de Reto replaced, the children did not have decent prosperity, the husband died, Anastasi is humiliated, it is not even taken in decent families, and her son cannot marry Camilla, where he is poor. Vikontestes de Granlє explains his daughter Camilla: "I will tell you only one circumstance - Mr. de Reto has a mother who can absorb and a million state, a woman of low origin ... While his mother is alive, in any decent family, parents will not be rejected to the young resto Future and giving your daughter. " Vikontesse has its own "logic", because Anastasi has neither high origin (which is appreciated by aristocrats), no money (and this is valued bourgeois), nor an honest name. But Fanny became the wife of Dervil: "I married Fanny Malva, whom I sincerely loved. The similarity of our destinies, work, success has strengthened our mutual feeling. " So the realist writer Balzac punishes debauchery and rewards honesty.
