What is a mega prefix? What do the prefixes kilo, centi, deci, milli mean?

Convert micro to milli:

Select the desired category from the list, in this case “SI Prefixes”.
Enter the value to be converted. Basic arithmetic operations such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*, x), division (/, :, ÷), exponent (^), parentheses and pi (pi) are already supported at this time .
From the list, select the unit of measurement of the value being converted, in this case “micro”.
Finally, select the unit of measurement you want the value to be converted to, in this case "milli".
After displaying the result of an operation, and whenever appropriate, an option appears to round the result to a certain number of decimal places.

With this calculator, you can enter the value to be converted along with the original measurement unit, for example, "739 micro". In this case, you can use either the full name of the unit of measurement or its abbreviation. After entering the unit of measurement you want to convert, the calculator determines its category, in this case "SI Prefixes". It then converts the entered value into all the appropriate units of measurement that it knows. In the list of results you will undoubtedly find the converted value you need. Alternatively, the value to be converted can be entered as follows: "1 micro to milli", "8 micro -> milli" or "88 micro = milli". In this case, the calculator will also immediately understand into which unit of measurement the original value needs to be converted. Regardless of which of these options is used, the hassle of searching through long selection lists with countless categories and countless supported units is eliminated. All this is done for us by a calculator that copes with its task in a split second.

In addition, the calculator allows you to use mathematical formulas. As a result, not only numbers such as "(2 * 14) micro" are taken into account. You can even use multiple units of measurement directly in the conversion field. For example, such a combination might look like this: “739 micro + 2217 milli” or “30mm x 48cm x 53dm = ? cm^3”. The units of measurement combined in this way must naturally correspond to each other and make sense in a given combination.

If you check the box next to the "Numbers in scientific notation" option, the answer will be represented as an exponential function. For example, 1.23456789×1024. In this form, the representation of the number is divided into an exponent, here 24, and the actual number, here 1.234 567 89. Devices that have limited number display capabilities (such as pocket calculators) also use a way of writing the numbers 1.234 567 89E+24. In particular, it makes it easier to see very large and very small numbers. If this cell is unchecked, the result is displayed using the normal way of writing numbers. In the example above, it would look like this: 1,234,567,890,000,000,000,000,000 Regardless of the presentation of the result, the maximum accuracy of this calculator is 14 decimal places. This accuracy should be sufficient for most purposes.

A measurement calculator that, among other things, can be used to convert micro V Milli: 1 micro = 0.001 milli

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1 mega [M] = 0.001 giga [G]

Initial value

Converted value

without prefix yotta zetta exa peta tera giga mega kilo hecto deca deci santi milli micro nano pico femto atto zepto yocto

Metric system and International System of Units (SI)

Introduction

In this article we will talk about the metric system and its history. We will see how and why it began and how it gradually evolved into what we have today. We will also look at the SI system, which was developed from the metric system of measures.

For our ancestors, who lived in a world full of dangers, the ability to measure various quantities in their natural habitat made it possible to get closer to understanding the essence of natural phenomena, knowledge of their environment and the ability to somehow influence what surrounded them. That is why people tried to invent and improve various measurement systems. At the dawn of human development, having a measurement system was no less important than it is now. It was necessary to carry out various measurements when building housing, sewing clothes of different sizes, preparing food and, of course, trade and exchange could not do without measurement! Many believe that the creation and adoption of the International System of SI Units is the most serious achievement not only of science and technology, but also of human development in general.

Early measurement systems

In early measurement and number systems, people used traditional objects to measure and compare. For example, it is believed that the decimal system appeared due to the fact that we have ten fingers and toes. Our hands are always with us - that's why since ancient times people have used (and still use) fingers for counting. Still, we haven't always used the base 10 system for counting, and the metric system is a relatively new invention. Each region developed its own systems of units and, although these systems have much in common, most systems are still so different that converting units of measurement from one system to another has always been a problem. This problem became more and more serious as trade between different peoples developed.

The accuracy of the first systems of weights and measures directly depended on the size of the objects that surrounded the people who developed these systems. It is clear that the measurements were inaccurate, since the “measuring devices” did not have exact dimensions. For example, parts of the body were commonly used as a measure of length; mass and volume were measured using the volume and mass of seeds and other small objects whose dimensions were more or less the same. Below we will take a closer look at such units.

Length measures

In ancient Egypt, length was first measured simply elbows, and later with royal elbows. The length of the elbow was determined as the distance from the bend of the elbow to the end of the extended middle finger. Thus, the royal cubit was defined as the cubit of the reigning pharaoh. A model cubit was created and made available to the general public so that everyone could make their own length measures. This, of course, was an arbitrary unit that changed when a new reigning person took the throne. Ancient Babylon used a similar system, but with minor differences.

The elbow was divided into smaller units: palm, hand, zerets(ft), and you(finger), which were represented by the widths of the palm, hand (with thumb), foot and finger, respectively. At the same time, they decided to agree on how many fingers there were in the palm (4), in the hand (5) and in the elbow (28 in Egypt and 30 in Babylon). It was more convenient and more accurate than measuring ratios every time.

Measures of mass and weight

Weight measures were also based on the parameters of various objects. Seeds, grains, beans and similar items were used as weight measures. A classic example of a unit of mass that is still used today is carat. Nowadays, the weight of precious stones and pearls is measured in carats, and once upon a time the weight of carob seeds, otherwise called carob, was determined as a carat. The tree is cultivated in the Mediterranean, and its seeds are distinguished by their constant mass, so they were convenient to use as a measure of weight and mass. Different places used different seeds as small units of weight, and larger units were usually multiples of smaller units. Archaeologists often find similar large weights, usually made of stone. They consisted of 60, 100 and other numbers of small units. Since there was no uniform standard for the number of small units, as well as for their weight, this led to conflicts when sellers and buyers who lived in different places met.

Volume measures

Initially, volume was also measured using small objects. For example, the volume of a pot or jug was determined by filling it to the top with small objects relative to the standard volume - like seeds. However, the lack of standardization led to the same problems when measuring volume as when measuring mass.

Evolution of various systems of measures

The ancient Greek system of measures was based on the ancient Egyptian and Babylonian ones, and the Romans created their system based on the ancient Greek one. Then, through fire and sword and, of course, through trade, these systems spread throughout Europe. It should be noted that here we are talking only about the most common systems. But there were many other systems of weights and measures, because exchange and trade were necessary for absolutely everyone. If there was no written language in the area or it was not customary to record the results of the exchange, then we can only guess at how these people measured volume and weight.

There are many regional variations in systems of measures and weights. This is due to their independent development and the influence of other systems on them as a result of trade and conquest. There were different systems not only in different countries, but often within the same country, where each trading city had its own, because local rulers did not want unification in order to maintain their power. As travel, trade, industry, and science developed, many countries sought to unify systems of weights and measures, at least within their own countries.

Already in the 13th century, and possibly earlier, scientists and philosophers discussed the creation of a unified measurement system. However, it was only after the French Revolution and the subsequent colonization of various regions of the world by France and other European countries, which already had their own systems of weights and measures, that a new system was developed, adopted in most countries of the world. This new system was decimal metric system. It was based on the base 10, that is, for any physical quantity there was one basic unit, and all other units could be formed in a standard way using decimal prefixes. Each such fractional or multiple unit could be divided into ten smaller units, and these smaller units could in turn be divided into 10 even smaller units, and so on.

As we know, most early measurement systems were not based on base 10. The convenience of a system with base 10 is that the number system we are familiar with has the same base, which allows us to quickly and conveniently, using simple and familiar rules, convert from smaller units to big and vice versa. Many scientists believe that the choice of ten as the base of the number system is arbitrary and is connected only with the fact that we have ten fingers and if we had a different number of fingers, then we would probably use a different number system.

Metric system

In the early days of the metric system, man-made prototypes were used as measures of length and weight, as in previous systems. The metric system has evolved from a system based on material standards and dependence on their accuracy to a system based on natural phenomena and fundamental physical constants. For example, the time unit second was initially defined as a fraction of the tropical year 1900. The disadvantage of this definition was the impossibility of experimental verification of this constant in subsequent years. Therefore, the second was redefined as a certain number of periods of radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the radioactive atom of cesium-133, which is at rest at 0 K. The unit of distance, the meter, was related to the wavelength of the line of the radiation spectrum of the isotope krypton-86, but later The meter was redefined as the distance that light travels in a vacuum in a period of time equal to 1/299,792,458 of a second.

The International System of Units (SI) was created based on the metric system. It should be noted that traditionally the metric system includes units of mass, length and time, but in the SI system the number of base units has been expanded to seven. We will discuss them below.

International System of Units (SI)

The International System of Units (SI) has seven basic units for measuring basic quantities (mass, time, length, luminous intensity, amount of matter, electric current, thermodynamic temperature). This kilogram(kg) to measure mass, second(c) to measure time, meter(m) to measure distance, candela(cd) to measure luminous intensity, mole(abbreviation mole) to measure the amount of a substance, ampere(A) to measure electric current, and kelvin(K) to measure temperature.

Currently, only the kilogram still has a man-made standard, while the remaining units are based on universal physical constants or natural phenomena. This is convenient because the physical constants or natural phenomena on which the units of measurement are based can be easily verified at any time; In addition, there is no danger of loss or damage to standards. There is also no need to create copies of standards to ensure their availability in different parts of the world. This eliminates errors associated with the accuracy of making copies of physical objects, and thus provides greater accuracy.

Decimal prefixes

To form multiples and submultiples that differ from the base units of the SI system by a certain integer number of times, which is a power of ten, it uses prefixes attached to the name of the base unit. The following is a list of all currently used prefixes and the decimal factors they represent:

Console	Symbol	Numerical value; Commas here separate groups of digits, and the decimal separator is a period.	Exponential notation
yotta	Y	1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000	10 24
zetta	Z	1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000	10 21
exa	E	1 000 000 000 000 000 000	10 18
peta	P	1 000 000 000 000 000	10 15
tera	T	1 000 000 000 000	10 12
giga	G	1 000 000 000	10 9
mega	M	1 000 000	10 6
kilo	To	1 000	10 3
hecto	G	100	10 2
soundboard	Yes	10	10 1
without prefix		1	10 0
deci	d	0,1	10 -1
centi	With	0,01	10 -2
Milli	m	0,001	10 -3
micro	mk	0,000001	10 -6
nano	n	0,000000001	10 -9
pico	P	0,000000000001	10 -12
femto	f	0,000000000000001	10 -15
atto	A	0,000000000000000001	10 -18
zepto	h	0,000000000000000000001	10 -21
yocto	And	0,000000000000000000000001	10 -24

For example, 5 gigameters is equal to 5,000,000,000 meters, while 3 microcandelas is equal to 0.000003 candelas. It is interesting to note that, despite the presence of a prefix in the unit kilogram, it is the base unit of the SI. Therefore, the above prefixes are applied with the gram as if it were a base unit.

At the time of writing this article, there are only three countries that have not adopted the SI system: the United States, Liberia and Myanmar. In Canada and the UK, traditional units are still widely used, even though the SI system is the official unit system in these countries. It’s enough to go into a store and see price tags per pound of goods (it turns out cheaper!), or try to buy building materials measured in meters and kilograms. Will not work! Not to mention the packaging of goods, where everything is labeled in grams, kilograms and liters, but not in whole numbers, but converted from pounds, ounces, pints and quarts. Milk space in refrigerators is also calculated per half-gallon or gallon, not per liter milk carton.

Do you find it difficult to translate units of measurement from one language to another? Colleagues are ready to help you. Post a question in TCTerms and within a few minutes you will receive an answer.

Calculations for converting units in the converter " Decimal prefix converter" are performed using unitconversion.org functions.

1 nano [n] = 1000 pico [p]

Initial value

Converted value

without prefix yotta zetta exa peta tera giga mega kilo hecto deca deci santi milli micro nano pico femto atto zepto yocto

Metric system and International System of Units (SI)

Introduction

Early measurement systems

Length measures

Measures of mass and weight

Volume measures

Evolution of various systems of measures

Metric system

International System of Units (SI)

Decimal prefixes

Console	Symbol	Numerical value; Commas here separate groups of digits, and the decimal separator is a period.	Exponential notation
yotta	Y	1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000	10 24
zetta	Z	1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000	10 21
exa	E	1 000 000 000 000 000 000	10 18
peta	P	1 000 000 000 000 000	10 15
tera	T	1 000 000 000 000	10 12
giga	G	1 000 000 000	10 9
mega	M	1 000 000	10 6
kilo	To	1 000	10 3
hecto	G	100	10 2
soundboard	Yes	10	10 1
without prefix		1	10 0
deci	d	0,1	10 -1
centi	With	0,01	10 -2
Milli	m	0,001	10 -3
micro	mk	0,000001	10 -6
nano	n	0,000000001	10 -9
pico	P	0,000000000001	10 -12
femto	f	0,000000000000001	10 -15
atto	A	0,000000000000000001	10 -18
zepto	h	0,000000000000000000001	10 -21
yocto	And	0,000000000000000000000001	10 -24

Calculations for converting units in the converter " Decimal prefix converter" are performed using unitconversion.org functions.

Prefixes to various units of measurement subject to a strict system(SI). Such prefixes exist to reduce the number of zeros to a less cumbersome value.

Seven key SI cells:

Meters (m) – length;
Kilograms (kg) – weight;
Seconds (s) – time;
Candelas (cd) – luminous intensity;
Amperes (A) – electric current strength;
Moles (mol) – amount of substance;
Kelvin (K) – thermodynamic temperature.

About the prefix “kilo”

Matches the value multiples of decimal units.
Attached to the name of the original mark; the latter is thus multiplied by 103, that is, by 1000.
In the SI system, “kilo” just means 1000.
The name comes from the Greek “χίλιοι” - “thousand”.

For example, one kilogram is equal to one thousand grams. One kilometer is a thousand meters. One kilojoule – one thousand joules, etc.

Console participates in marking:

Masses;
Lengths;
Squares;
Time.

Prefix "santi" and "deci"

"Santi" prefix:

Used to indicate subdecimal units.
Attached to the name of a specific item, which is then multiplied by 10−2. The new value obtained after multiplication is one hundredth of the original sign.
The name goes back to the word “centum” (Latin), which means “hundred”.
The most famous case of use in Russian is the designation of a centimeter (one hundredth of a meter).

Prefix "deci":

Participates in the designation of subdecimal units.
Indicates the value of one tenth, or 10−1.
Most often used with the so-called "whites"(B), forming the well-known decibels that measure sound volume.
It is also used in combination with simple meters and cubic meters. Other uses in modern Russian will be considered an error.

About the prefixes “milli”, “micro” and “nano”

Milli prefix:

Indicates sub-decimal units.
Indicates one equal to one thousandth of the original.
This is the most famous prefix among this group.
Most often used to measure distance, volume and time, but it is also found with indicators such as length, mass, acceleration and others.

Prefixes "micro" and "nano":

Signs with such prefixes are equal to one millionth and one billionth of the original value, respectively.
Translated from Greek “micro” - small, and “nano” – dwarf.
Indicators of time, mass, pressure, length, speed and some other measurements are not used with these prefixes.
There is a special character for “micro” in the Unicode system.

How is temperature measured?

Basic systems:

The absolute Kelvin temperature scale (the lower limit is absolute zero).
Celsius scale (divisions equal to Kelvin thermometer)
Fahrenheit scale (zero Celsius equals thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit).

Meaning of "mega", "giga" and "tera"

“Mega” means:

Result of multiplication by one million.
The Greek word μέγας means "large."
Most often found in the computer field to denote the speed of data transfer (for example, megabits).
Used to measure area and power.

Prefix "giga":

Calls out the number increased one billion times.
“Giant” is translated from Greek.
The prefix is involved in measuring frequency in micro- and radio electronics, and the volume of information on media.

Tera sign:

Added when multiplied by one trillion.
The word means “monster”, or “terribly large”.
The use is in technology, usually to indicate the amount of data.
Terawatts denote the power of lasers.

Differences in binary code

Number 1000 and 1024 are close in meaning, so binary and decimal prefixes are similar to each other, except for a slight difference.

The last syllable of the decimal place changes to "bi".

Gibibyte – gigabyte;
Tebibyte – terabyte.

Measuring distance in different countries

In Britain and America:

The most famous unit is the inch. It is 2.54 cm.
A foot is 30.48 cm.
A yard is equal to 91.44 cm.
One mile is just over a kilometer (1.6 km).

In Japan:

1 sun = 3 cm;
1 shaku = 30 cm;
1 ken = 1.82 m.

The largest part is ri. It is 3 kilometers 927 meters.

Marine system:

The well-known nautical mile has a difference. 1852 meters is international and 1853.184 meters is UK.
A fathom is equal to 1.8288 meters, or 6 British feet.

Astronomical measurement techniques

Radius of the Moon, Earth, Sun and some other planets is taken as a constant indicator. These are 1737.10, 6371 and 6.9551·105 kilometers, respectively.

Special group constitute a light second, a light minute, a light hour, a light year and other similar quantities.

Thus, prefixes that contain a certain meaning facilitate the understanding of mathematical calculations and establish the international meaning of certain signs for the globalization of world science.