The number of grammatical bases in a sentence 4. The grammatical basis of a sentence with examples

Grammar basis sentences form the main members of the sentence ( subject and predicate). That is, the grammatical basis of the sentence (predicative basis, core) is the main part of the sentence, which consists of its main members: subject and predicate. See also introductory words ..

Subject.

Remember!

Subject can be expressed not only by a noun or a pronoun in nominative, but also:

1) numerals, adjectives and participles in I.P. as a noun;

Seven (num.)one is not expected. All past (adj. As noun)i was only dreaming.

2) constructions:

Numeral / several, plurality, part, majority, minority + noun in RP;

The prince gathered in the sakla many people... Several ladies walked up and down the site with brisk steps.

Some, everyone, much / adjective + from + noun in RP;

Best student quickly solved this problem.

Someone, something + adjective, participle as a noun;

Something so insignificant tied in a scarf.

Noun / pronoun + s + noun / pronoun in TV.P. ( but only if the predicate is expressed in a plural verb!).

Vanya and Iwent along the forest road ( predicate plural.).

Anna I entered the room with my daughter in my arms (predicate singular).

3) an infinitive, which refers to an action that does not take place in time.

To live lordly is a noble affair

Predicate.

In Russian, there are three types of predicates. The following sequence of actions will help you determine what type is represented in your proposal.

Distinguish!

If there are homogeneous predicates in a sentence, then each of them should be considered separately.

Also watch the video presentation.

Hint.

1) Most often, the definition of a simple verbal predicate, expressed in more than one word, causes doubts:

I AM i will take part in the exhibition.

In this example i will take part - a complex form of the future tense, which is defined in the syntax as a simple predicate. And the combination participate is a phraseological unity that can be replaced by the word i participate. Therefore, we have before us a simple verb predicate.

Trap!

They are often mistaken when they call the following construction simple verb predicates:

Everything in Moscow is saturated with poetry, pierced with rhymes.

This error is due to two factors.

First, the short passive participle should be distinguished from the past tense verb.

Remember!

The short participle has suffixes -T-, -H-and the verb -L-.Hence, impregnated, pierced - these are short passive participles.

Secondly, we have before us a predicate, which is expressed in just one word, but what is it - simple or compound (see Morphological analysis of a word with examples)? Try adding a time circumstance to the sentence, for example, at the beginning of the twentieth century, and see how these forms behave.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, everything in Moscow was saturated with poetry, rhymes were punctured.

A bundle appears it was and the predicate is already clearly becoming compound. Constructions in the present tense with a bunch are unusual for the Russian language to be... Agree, it sounds clearly foreign if we say: All in Moscow there is saturated with poems, rhymes there is pierced.

Thus, if in a sentence you come across predicates, expressed by short passive participles, then you are dealing with compound nominal predicate.

Remember!

The words it is impossible, it is possible, it is necessary, it is necessary are included in compositepredicates.

To me need to get off at this stop.

Trap!

Be careful with words to be, seem to be, since by selecting only them, you can skip another component of the predicate.

She struck me as funny. Wrong!

If you only highlight words seemed, then the meaning of the sentence completely changes ( seemed \u003d dreamed, dreamed, dreamed).

Right: She seemed funny to me

Wrong: The teacher was strict (was \u003d existed, lived).

Right: The teacher was strict.

Trap!

This task offers rather complex sentences for analysis and the answer options are very often similar to each other. What "traps" can you expect here?

1) Proposals can be drawn up according to different models:

  • subject + predicate;
  • only predicate or subject (one-part sentences);
  • subject + homogeneous predicates;
  • homogeneous subjects + predicate.

The answer may omit the subject, predicate, or one of the homogeneous subjects or predicates.

Remember!

The grammatical base includes ALL main members of the sentence, omitting one of them is an obvious mistake.

2) The answer can combine the subject and predicate of different grammatical bases.

3) The subject can only be in the I.P.! Answer options with nouns, pronouns not in I.P. deliberately incorrect (except for those cases when they are part of the predicate and without them the whole meaning of the sentence changes).

4) The answer option may contain a participle or participial turnoverwhich are never included in the grammatical base.

Distinguish!

Structures should be distinguished verb + noun in V.P. and noun + passive participle.

The coordinates were calculated. ? The coordinates have been calculated.

IN first case coordinates Is an accusative noun that depends on the verb (i.e. addition), and in second Is the form nominativethat matches the past participle (i.e. subject). If you change each of the designs, you will see the differences. Let's put the predicates in each of the sentences in the singular form:

Calculated coordinates. The coordinate has been calculated.

The subject and the predicate are always consistent with each other, and the complement will remain unchanged.

5) Sometimes words which, whichin complex sentences are subject.

[And glittering droplets crawled down his cheeks] (which are on the windows in the rain) (which \u003d droplets).

Analysis of the task.

1. Which of the word combinations is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences or in one of the parts of a complex sentence?

(1) So what is the difference between the perception of humans and animals? (2) For an animal, only concrete things exist; its perception is inseparable from the real environment in which it lives and acts. (3) So, for example, the “TV version” of a dog means nothing to a cat. (4) In the process of evolution, man has acquired a unique ability to create ideal images of reality in his imagination, but they no longer appear as a direct cast of a specific thing. (5) Through development cognitive activities, in particular, the processes of abstraction and generalization, a person can isolate any individual features of the object under study, distracting from all other, insignificant details. (6) Thus, a person has the ability to form a generalized image of a real thing, which allows you to see and recognize the common features and qualities of various phenomena of reality.

1) perception is (sentence 2)

2) acquired the ability (sentence 4)

3) they are not represented by a cast (sentence 4)

4) which allows you to see (Proposition 6)

Option number 1 is not a grammatical basis, since the predicate is not fully represented here, which distorts the meaning of the whole sentence (perception is \u003d in the meaning of “comes, arrives somewhere for some reason”). See point 3 in the Predicated section.

Option number 2is also incorrect, since there is no subject in it. Who acquired the ability? In sentence 4, the subject is the word person.

Option number 3 correct, although at first glance it seems wrong. The authors of the assignment deliberately try to confuse us. Although the word cast does not stand in the form of I.P., but it is part of the predicate, since without it the logic of the narrative is lost. They do not introduce themselves \u003d Do not call images by their names ?!

Option number 4incorrect . The subject is highlighted correctly. Word which the, as we said, it can be subject. In the subordinate clause, it is replaced by the word form and performs the same functions, that is, it is the subject. But the predicate is not fully represented. In the sentence it is - allows you to see and recognize.

So way, the student who chooses option 3 will be right.

2. What words are the grammatical basis in the sixth (6) sentence of the text?

(1) ... (2) They are united by one desire - to know. (3) And their age is different, and the professions are very different, and the level of knowledge is completely different, but each tried to know more than he already knows. (4) This expressed the need of millions and millions of people who eagerly absorbed all the secrets of the world, all the knowledge and skills accumulated by mankind. (5) Visitors to the library either studied somewhere or dreamed of studying. (6) They all needed books, but when they came to the library they were lost in the ocean of books. (7) ... (According to K. Chukovsky).

1) books were needed, they were lost

2) they needed them, they got lost

3) books were needed, coming here, they were lost

4) books were needed, they were lost in the ocean

Correct is Option 1, since in the rest of the variants the second included the secondary members of the sentence in the base: in the second, the word them (addition, stands in D.P.),in the third there is an adverbial turnover, which is not included in the basis of the sentence, and in the fourth there is a circumstance in the ocean.

3. What combination of words is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences (or part of it)?

(1) ... (2) She will die of hunger if the gate is strong and no one will open it, but will not guess to move away from the gate and pull it towards himself. (3) Only a person understands that you have to be patient, work hard and do not what you want, in order to get what you want. (4) A person can restrain himself, not eat, drink, not sleep only because he knows what is good and should do and what is wrong and should not do, but teaches this person his ability to think. (5) Some people increase it in themselves, others do not. (6) ...

1) she dies (sentence 2)

2) what you want (proposal 3)

3) what is good and should do (proposal 4)

4) teaches ability (sentence 4)

This is a task of increased difficulty.

Option number 1 incorrect, since not all predicates are indicated by the authors. The proposal has a rather difficult structure to analyze. It is complex with a clause that is wedged between two homogeneous predicates. Therefore, you may not notice that the basis she will die the predicate must also be included will not guess to move away and pull.

Option number 2 is also excluded. Verb i want to is impersonal and with him there can be no subject.

Option number 3similar to the previous one. This sentence is also impersonal. Word must in dictionaries it is defined as a category of state, which is used in sentences without a subject.

Is true Option 4.


Task 11 of the compulsory state examination in the Russian language 2020 requires students to syntactically analyze detailed sentences. It implies finding the grammatical foundations in the presented piece of text. The answer must be written in the form of a number.

Sequencing

The eleventh task is quite successful for most of the examinees. The presence of basic knowledge and a refined algorithm will allow you to perform it with a high result.

  • read the presented text thoughtfully;
  • pay maximum attention to the existing alliances. Remember, a composition can act as a link between homogeneous members, and combine several sentences into one. Subordinates are always a connecting link between simple units of the language that are part of complex ones;
  • find a grammatical base. You should be especially careful with incomplete and one-part syntactic units. It is with them that most of the mistakes made on the exam are associated with the search for the subject and predicate.
  • count their number in the presented fragment and write down the answer.

What you need to know to successfully complete assignment number 11?

It is necessary to master the concept of "grammatical basis", to be able to highlight. It is also important to understand the difference between simple and complex units of the language and distinguish between their types:

  • Simples have one subject and one predicate.
  • Difficult - two or more. They are divided into both allied (compound and complex subordinate) and structures with different types of connections. The latter type is the most problematic in terms of identifying the subject and predicate. They can be torn apart by other elements and turns, be in different parts phrases. An excellent option is to disassemble the proposal and draw its outline on a draft. In this way, errors in calculations will be minimized.
  • For the correct analysis of one-component, it is necessary to know all their varieties (denominational, definite personal, indefinite personal, impersonal) and understand their differences. When parsing, it is important not to confuse them with incomplete ones. Remember that in a one-part, this element is not needed in meaning, and in an incomplete one, one of the words is deliberately omitted and can be easily restored.

Possessing theoretical knowledge on these topics, you can easily cope with the test number 11 and get the maximum score for it.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 4. Write down the answer in numbers.


(1) An old two-story house with peeling plaster stood on the edge of town. (2) Above the door hung a blue and white sign: "City Children's Home." (3) Valentine, followed by Kolya, entered one of the rooms where the woman boss was sitting.

(4) Nikolay perched on a chair near the wall, and while Valentine was explaining the purpose of their visit, the boy looked around. (5) The room, in which there were wardrobes with good toys along the walls, it was immediately evident, of foreign production, and colorful calendars and posters hung on the walls, was spacious and light. (6) A Finnish refrigerator hummed softly on the children's boss's back, and pink curtains made of beautiful fabric swayed on the windows.

- (7) You know, - the boss spoke up, - we do not keep documents, everything is passed on to the orphanage, to the boarding school. (8) What have you preserved, - she asked, referring to Kolya, - metric 1, this is clear, but what else?

“(9) Nothing,” he said in dismay.

- (10) Do you really want to find your mom?

(11) He shuddered and was taken aback by the stupid question, embarrassed, shook his head, then said:

- (12) Not really ...

- (13) Well, good girl! - exclaimed the boss and said impressively, dividing the words: - (14) How! (15) Teacher! (16) I affirm! (17) What! (18) Better! (19) Don't search! - (20) And suddenly she added in some unexpectedly human tone: - (21) Otherwise you will be disappointed. (22) You will become even more ... lonely. (23) But you, of course, come back in three or four weeks, I will ask our department, then the application will go to the archive, you know, everything is not so simple now ...

- (24) Nikolay, get into the car, - Valentin asked gently, smiling, and the guy, having politely said goodbye, went out into the corridor.

(25) He stood in the corridor and was about to leave, but suddenly he did not go to the exit, but along the corridor covered with a red carpet. (26) The children's squeak became clearer, clearer, and Kolya opened the white door: in a large and bright room along the walls there were rows of wooden cots, and babies lay in them. (27) The adults were nowhere to be seen. (28) Nikolai moved between the rows, examining the faces of very small people, who looked at him with surprise, some with indifference, when suddenly he heard someone's voice behind him:

- (29) How did you end up here ?!

(30) He turned around. There was a woman in front of him — a nurse, I guess.

(31) And Nicholas was hit in the temple with a terrible thought. (32) He knew, he was sure, but he needed confirmation, and he asked:

- (33) Have they been abandoned?

(34) Aunt chuckled:

- (35) It's okay. (36) Let's grow. (37) Exit. (38) Let's feed.

- (39) And you are living well for something! - suddenly said Nikolay. - (40) Refrigerators-freezers, toys.

- (41) Why, - she answered, - all sorts of Americans come to us in batches, children are adopted. (42) Our little white, strong little ones, it is true, there are a lot of patients, but is this really a problem for American women? (43) They have everything there, all sorts of medicines. (44) Here they are taking our people. (45) And they bring gifts, but what about it, what's wrong with that? (46) It is good for the children and for the home where they grew up.

(According to A. Likhanov) *

*

1 Metric - birth certificate.

(4) Nikolay perched on a chair near the wall, and while Valentine was explaining the purpose of their visit, the boy looked around.

Which answer option contains the information necessary to substantiate the answer to the question: "Why did the visit to the city's home of the child make a terrible impression on Kolya?"

1) Because it was an old two-story house with peeling plaster.

2) Because the City Children's Home had foreign-made toys, a Finnish refrigerator, colorful calendars and beautiful curtains.

3) Because to get the documents Nikolai needed, it was necessary to wait three to four weeks.

4) Because he saw how many abandoned children are in the City Children's Home.

Explanation.

Answer: 4

Indicate in what meaning is used in the text of the word "quit" (sentence 33).

2) leave, leave

3) stop doing something

1) let go, let fall
2) leave, leave
3) stop doing something
4) pronounce it quickly, casually

Explanation.

Answer: 2

Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the French writer N. Chamfort: "The author goes from thought to words, and the reader - from words to thought."

Arguing your answer, give 2 examples from the text you read. When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the desired sentences or use quotations. You can write a work in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing a topic on linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of N. Shamphor.

Explanation.

The French writer N. Chamfort said: "The author goes from thought to words, and the reader - from words to thought." In order for the written word “to reach”, to become his own for the reader, prompting him to further thoughts and deeds, what words should the writer find, how should he say them? Remember in the Bible: "In the beginning was the word ..."? And in Pushkin - "burn the hearts of people with a verb! .."

Albert Likhanov's text brings up the topic of abandoned children. With what pain the author speaks about these children and about the soullessness of the society in which this has become possible! Let's pay attention to sentence # 34 (“Aunt grinned”): the sentence uses the word “aunt”, which the writer calls the nurse of the orphanage, the word expressively negatively colored - an indicator that the attitude of the hero to what is happening is clearly negative. We find confirmation of this in sentence No. 31 (“And a terrible thought beat Nikolai in the temple.”). The metaphor "thought beat" is used by the author to convey the feelings of Nikolai, who is deeply shocked by the visit to the child's home.

Thus, it is difficult to disagree with Shamfort's statement that the main task of a writer is to convey his thoughts in words that would allow the reader to “hear” the author and reflect on the questions posed.

Explanation.

In sentence 4 “Nikolai sat on a chair near the wall, and while Valentine was explaining the purpose of their visit, the boy looked around” 3 basics:

1) Nikolai perched on;

2) Valentine explained;

3) the boy looked around.

Answer: 3

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 41. Write down the answer in numbers.


(1) One summer, Lyovka, perched on a fence, waved his hand to Seryozha.

- (2) Look ... I have a slingshot. (H) Made it myself! (4) Strikes without missing!

(5) They tried the slingshot. (6) Marya Pavlovna looked out of the window.

- (7) This is not a good game, because you can hit my cat.

- (8) So, because of your cat, we can't play? Lyovka asked boldly.

(9) Marya Pavlovna looked at him intently, took Murlyshka in her arms, shook her head and closed the window.

- (10) Well, don't give a damn! - said Lyovka. - (11) I want to get into the drainpipe.

(12) For a long time he chose a larger pebble, then pulled on a long elastic band - glass fell from Marya Pavlovna's window with a clink. (13) The boys froze.

- (14) Let's run! - Lyovka shouted, and the guys ran away.

(15) These are unpleasant days of waiting for reckoning.

- (16) The old woman will definitely complain, - Lyovka said. - (17) What a feisty one! (18) Wait ... I'll arrange a piece for her! (19) She will know ...

(20) Lyovka pointed at Murlyshka, who was loved by all the neighbors, because he did not bother anyone, but slept peacefully outside the window all day long, pushed Seryozha and whispered something in his comrade's ear.

- (21) Yes, it would be nice, - said Seryozha.

(22) Several days passed.

... (23) Covering his head with a woolen blanket and freeing one ear, Seryozha listened to the conversation of his parents.

- (24) Where do you think he could have gone?

- (25) Well, what can I think, - the father grinned. - (26) Maybe the cat went for a walk, that's all. (27) Or maybe someone stole? (28) There are such scoundrels ...

- (29) It can't be, - the mother said resolutely, - on this street everyone knows Marya Pavlovna. (Z0) Nobody will offend an old, sick woman like that ... (31) After all, this Murlyshka is her whole life!

(32) The next day Marya Pavlovna went up to the boys.

- (ZZ) Guys, have you seen Murlyshka? - (34) her voice was quiet, her eyes were gray, empty.

- (35) No, - Seryozha said looking away.

(H6) Marya Pavlovna sighed, ran her hand over her forehead and

slowly went home. (37) Lyovka made a grimace.

- (38) Sucks up ... (39) But harmful after all, - he shook his head. - (40) Indeed, it is her own fault ... (41) He thinks that if we are children, we will not be able to stand up for ourselves!

- (42) Fi! - whistled Lyovka. - (43) What a crybaby! Just think - the ginger cat is gone!

(44) Several more days passed in this way. (45) All the neighbors joined in the search for the cat, and unfortunate Marya Pavlovna was completely desperate and fell ill with a heart attack.

(46) And the guys could not stand it.

- (47) We need to find the old woman to whom we gave the cat, they decided.

(48) But it is easy to say "find", and where you will find it now, when so many days have passed.

(49) Unexpectedly, they were lucky: they saw her in the city market and rushed headlong towards the elderly woman, who was even frightened:

- (50) But what do you want from me?

- (51) Red cat, grandma! (52) Remember, we gave it to you on the street.

- (53) Look you ... (54) Back, then you want to take it? (55) Your cat screams day and night. (56) I don't like him at all.

(57) When the old woman led them to her house, Lyovka jumped into the front garden, grabbed the wooden frame with both hands and pressed his nose to the window:

- (58) Murly! (59) Mustache ...

(60) A minute later the boys were solemnly walking down the street.

- (61) Just not to miss it now, - puffed Lyovka. - (62) Found it! (6H) Mustachioed striped!

(According to V. Oseeva) *

* Oseeva-Khmeleva Valentina Aleksandrovna (1902-1969) - children's writer. Her most famous works are the stories "Dinka", "Dinka says goodbye to childhood."

(4) They tried the slingshot.

Which answer option contains the information necessary to substantiate the answer to the question: "Why did Lyovka and Seryozha decide to steal the cat from Marya Pavlovna?"

1) Marya Pavlovna was an angry old woman and the guys did not like it.

2) Marya Pavlovna believed that the children were playing a bad game and promised to complain to their parents.

3) Lyovka and Seryozha decided that by doing this they would show their ability to “stand up for themselves”.

4) The cat screamed day and night and therefore did not like the guys.

Explanation.

The correct answer is indicated under No. 3.

Answer: 3

Relevance: Corresponds to the demo version of the current year

Indicate in what meaning is used in the text of the word "stand" (sentence 41).

2) wait, take your time

3) protect, do not let offend

1) do not move for a while
2) wait, take your time
3) protect, do not let offend
4) don't skimp on anything

Explanation.

The correct answer is indicated at number 3.

Answer: 3

Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the Russian writer Boris Viktorovich Shergin: "An oral phrase transferred to paper is always subjected to some processing, at least in terms of syntax."

Arguing your answer, give 2 examples from the text you read. When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the desired sentences or use quotations. You can write a work in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing a topic on linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of BV Shergin.

The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Explanation.

Let us give an example of an essay-reasoning in a journalistic style.

When we sit down to write, whether it be a letter or an essay, an essay or a greeting card, we are sure to think about how to more accurately formulate an idea, how to build this or that sentence more correctly. Oral speech often does not require as much stress from us as written speech.

In the text given by V. Oseeva, dialogue is widely used. Dialogue serves to convey oral speech... Let's see how Oseeva's dialogue is being built. Noteworthy is the frequent use of ellipsis in the text. The ellipsis serves to convey the incompleteness of thought, at times, the characters' lack of confidence in their reflections. An example would be sentences # 38-40: (38) "Sucks up ..."; (39) “But harmful, after all, - he shook his head.”; (40) "- Indeed, it is my own fault ...".

The use of monosyllabic nominative sentences serves the same purpose. So, with the help of the nominal sentences No. 58 ("Murlyshka!"), No. 59 ("Usatenky ...") the joy of the guys after the return of the cat is conveyed. The emotions of the heroes are also conveyed by the use of an exclamation sentence (No. 58), sentences with ellipses (No. 59).

The above examples confirm that Boris Shergin was right when he stated: "An oral phrase transferred to paper always undergoes some processing, at least in terms of syntax."

Explanation.

Sentence 41 “Thinks that if we are children, we will not be able to stand up for ourselves!” 3 grammatical foundations:

1) thinks;

2) we are children;

3) we will not be able to stand.

Answer: 3

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 11. Write down the answer in numbers.


(1) She appeared before Alexei's gaze one evening, at the hour of a frantic attack of his pain, and did not pass by, lingered. (2) It was only later that Pryakhin found out that Aunt Grunya works not as a nurse, not as a nurse, but as a watchman, sits at the entrance, and after the shift bypasses the hospital wards to give someone some water, to whom to tuck a cold cloth blanket, although no one about it requested. (3) But is it really necessary to ask when there is a war, when people need compassion more than bread? (4) And the illiterate old woman wandered between the beds in the evenings, fluffing up pillows, putting compresses on her hot, puffing foreheads and chanting, pronouncing some words, either lulling them to sleep, or telling a fairy tale.

(5) In the same way she entered Alekseev's gaze, into his pupils dilated with pain, put her hand to her cheek, somehow leaned comfortably, stood for a minute, sighed and leaned over to Pryakhin, unexpectedly strongly, but gently lifted his head with one hand, and the other fluffed up a pillow.

(6) When her watch was over, Aunt Grunya would now sit down on a stool near Alexei, moisten his shriveled, parched lips with a corner of a towel, and wipe his face and bring some water, and all the time she stroked his cold, lifeless hand and condemned, condemned, pitying words as soft as a good bandage.

(7) And she stroked and stroked Alexei's cold hand and, apparently, achieved her goal. (8) The hand turned pink, became warm, and one day Pryakhin looked at Aunt Grunya deliberately and began to cry. (9) And she cried too. (10) Only her tears were light. (11) Aunt Grunya found out that she had achieved her goal, that this soldier would now survive, because he had conquered his pain, and she also wept because her husband and son had not sent news from the front for a long time and maybe just like this poor fellow Alexei Pryakhin, in a hospital somewhere they are tossing, suffering and suffering in the same way ... (12) How could she, mother and wife, not go to the wards after duty, how could she not condemn her affectionate words, how could she not help Alexey?

(13) After being discharged, Aunt Grunya brought Alexei to her little house, clean and comfortable.

(14) In the corner behind a curtain, it looks like a separate room, and Aunt Grunya nodded at her:

- (15) There is your little room.

- (16) Aunt Grunya, how will I settle accounts with you? - Pryakhin smiled. - (17) What gold-silver?

- (18) I-and, dear, - answered Aunt Grunya angrily. - (19) If people started to settle accounts with each other for everything, the whole world would be turned into a store. (20) God save us from this store! (21) Then the good will be destroyed! (22) He will not be.

- (23) Why? - Alexey was surprised.

(24) Aunt Grunya looked at him sternly.

- (25) Because good is without self-interest. (26) Al didn't know?

(According to A. Likhanov) *

* Likhanov Albert Anatolyevich (born in 1935) - writer, journalist. In his works, the writer pays special attention to the role of the family and school in the upbringing of a child, in the formation of his character.

(1) She appeared before Alexei's gaze one evening, at the hour of a frantic attack of his pain, and did not pass by, lingered.

Which answer option contains the information necessary to substantiate the answer to the question: "Why did Aunt Grunya go around the hospital wards in the evenings?"

1) It was part of her duties.

2) Aunt Grunya was a selfish person, she expected gratitude and payment for care from the wounded.

3) The wounded asked to come more often.

4) Aunt Grunya, as a mother and wife, could not remain indifferent to someone else's misfortune.

Explanation.

The correct answer is indicated at number 4.

Answer: 4

Relevance: Corresponds to the demo version of the current year

Indicate in what sense the word "cold" is used in the text (sentence 2).

1) without heating
2) little heating
3) expressionless, pale
4) indifferent

Explanation.

The correct answer is indicated at number 2.

Answer: 2

Explanation.

(11) “Aunt Grunya knew that she had achieved her goal, that this soldier would now survive, because he had conquered his pain, and she also cried because her husband and son had not sent news from the front for a long time and, maybe, just like this poor fellow Alexei Pryakhin, in a hospital somewhere they toil, suffering and tormenting like that ... "

Fundamentals: AUNT GRUNA KNEW; GOT; THE SOLDIER WILL SURVIVE; WON; SHE CRYED; HUSBAND AND SON DO NOT SEND, THINK; BEDOLAGA ALEXEY PRYAKHIN.

LIKE THIS POVERTY ALEXEY PRYAKHIN is not a comparative turnover. This is an incomplete sentence: the predicate is meant "poor fellow Alexey Pryakhin MAETSYA"

Answer: 7

Elena Zdorik 18.04.2016 15:26

Isn't HOW THIS BADLAGA ALEXEY PRYAKHIN a comparative turnover?

Explanation.

(11) “Aunt Grunya knew that she had achieved her goal, that this soldier would now survive, because he had conquered his pain, and she also cried because her husband and son had not sent news from the front for a long time and, maybe, just like this poor fellow Alexei Pryakhin, in a hospital somewhere they toil, suffering and tormenting like that ... "

Fundamentals: AUNT GRUNA KNEW; GOT; THE SOLDIER WILL SURVIVE; WON; SHE CRYED; HUSBAND AND SON DO NOT SEND, THINK; BEDOLAGA ALEXEY PRYAKHIN.

Tatiana Statsenko

No, this is an incomplete sentence: the predicate is meant "poor fellow Alexei Pryakhin MAETSYA"

Elena Lobastova 22.01.2017 20:42

Aunt Grunya is the subject aunt, and Grunya is the appendix. The same goes for poor fellow Alexey Pryakhin.

Tatiana Statsenko

Are not applications:

1) combinations of synonyms or antonyms: path-road, purchase and sale;

2) word combinations by association: bread and salt;

3) compound words: raincoat tent, sofa bed;

4) names, surnames, patronymics, nicknames of people: doctor Petrov (application - doctor). Exceptions are: a) cases when names, surnames, nicknames of people are entered using words by nickname, surname, nickname;

b) separate applications of a clarifying nature: The face of the third, Ilyusha, was familiar to me.

Elena Lobastova 23.01.2017 20:52

Thanks for the answer. So, the words Grunya and Alexey Pryakhin will be subject?

Tatiana Statsenko

Yes, they are part of the subject.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 5. Write down the answer in numbers.


(1) The sun splashes in the inflorescences of the bird cherry, blinds the eyes with the pink colors of the dawn. (2) The night has passed. (3) In the evening - celebration, presentation of certificates, dancing. (4) My class prom ...

(5) Ten years ago, when I just came to work at a boarding school after graduation, I was given first graders from an orphanage, and I often remember that Saturday when I saw my “chicks” on the stairs. (6) Little people in gray suits and brown dresses stood at each step. (7) No, it was hard to call them babies: they were sad little people. (8) They stood over each other, head over head, hands at the seams, they froze, as if they were preparing to be photographed. (9) Only eyes, of course, were not for photography: surprised, sad, incomprehensible eyes. (Yu) They watched as relatives took other children home for the weekend. (11) Laughter reigned below, joy seethed, and there, on the steps, resentment trembled. (12) I remember that acute feeling of guilt that pierced me, and simple thoughts came: the kids have no one, they need someone, they need someone very close. (13) They need a home. (14) Dear people.

(15) And with all the ardor and arrogance that are characteristic of young people, I got down to business. (16) Having received the consent of the director of the boarding school, I wrote an article for the newspaper, where I told about our children. (17) I also wrote that children need close contacts with other people so that these people are friends of children for life. (18) Not family, so close.

(19) On the day the newspaper was published, I was very worried. (20) But the result was not long in coming. (21) On Friday, early in the morning, the school lobby was full of people: people came who wanted to take our first graders to their home for the weekend. (22) The choice was great, there were more than enough people who wanted to warm up our guys, but we gave permission only after a detailed conversation with each of those who came. (23) And this is what came of it.

(24) We finished the first grade with the following result: we adopted and adopted five children. (25) The ten boys and girls, as we expected, found good friends. (26) Six - the circumstances turned out like this - they stopped going to visit.

(27) It can be considered a successful outcome. (28) Count six to fifteen. (29) But the fate of the six who returned to the boarding school forever tormented me for many, many years. (ZO) Six of my children, having touched the family fire, lost its warmth. (31) In them, I confess honestly, this whole story left a difficult mark, and it often seemed to me that over time the pain did not subside, but received a new expression. (32) Nothing explainable insubordination, a cascade of twos, rudeness. (33) And for the next nine years I tried to straighten the threads, untangle the knots and tie the smooth childish destiny. (34) And from the point of view of performance, the score of fifteen or six is \u200b\u200bnot so bad. (35) But I'm not talking about fifteen. (36) I'm talking about six ...

The grammatical basis of the sentence. The number of grammatical bases in the sentence.
Grade 9. OGE. Part 2. Variants of task 11 (according to the demo version of 2015)

1. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Alice could freely enter the theater yard, which was guarded by a strict watchman, and other children could not get into this interesting world. Answer ( )

2. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
When I sat down in the teacher's room for notebooks, it turned out that six works from the pack had disappeared. Answer ( )

3. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
They managed to get the cows out, and the calf in the farthest cage was closed - you can't get close. Answer ( )

4. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
I’ll tell you what: because of a stranger, you are missing out on a good price, if you don’t expose him, then you will bitterly regret it! Answer ( )

5. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Sitting on the windowsills, the scouts watch the two of us eat, and their eyes are kind. Answer ( )

6. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
The crab was terribly large and flat, and, looking closely, one could see bumps and thorns on it, some seams, jagged combs. Answer ( )

7. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Vitya Panfilov played Tchaikovsky's melodies on the deck of the ship, Raya Ivanova danced, Vera Borodulina recited poetry. Answer ( )

8. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Calmly, routinely and publicly, in broad daylight, for the sake of a penny profit, a man betrayed him, for whom he, without hesitation, would go into fire and water. Answer ( )

9. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
And then high school students passed by, and everyone looked at him and asked whose fiance he was. Answer ( )

10. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Then all five rushed to the sides, Lyovka got to his feet, and in his hand he was holding a scarecrow who shot with special caps. Answer ( )

11. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Mother scolded Pashka for having piled up all sorts of sticks at the well, but everything worked out. Answer ( )

12. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Everything aroused envy and disgust among classmates: a jacket with a zipper, girlish eyelashes, an annoying pretty face, and linen napkins in which a homemade sandwich was wrapped. Answer ( )

13. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
You don't need - you go away, I need - I stay. Answer ( )

14. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write down the answer in numbers.
Lisapeta, of course, was a good girl, but when she appeared, I immediately wanted to cringe - so she fussed and turned. Answer ( )

Source of material for the interactive test: OGE. Open bank tasks FIPI http://old.fipi.ru/

Tests on the site "Russian for schoolchildren". St. Petersburg. Nedorezova M., Nedorezova E.

Indicate the name of the comedy character who confesses: “I love pigs, sister.” Indicate the name of the teacher Mitrofan, who refused the money, because

did not teach his student anything. Specify the name of the heroine, who is furiously going to "beat her servants to death" because of the failed abduction of Sophia. What date of the comedy staging in the theater, in which theater the comedy was first presented? Name the hero who taught Mitrofan mathematics . Which of the heroes owns the words “I don’t want to study, I want to marry?” Who of the heroes “left the court without villages, without ranks ... but preserved their soul, honor, rules?” Name the genre of the work, into whose mouth did Fonvizin put his innermost thoughts? Why does Prostakova dream of marrying Mitrofan to Sophia? What eposode is the culmination of the work? Answer the question in writing: What does the author of "Nedoroslya" mean by the concept of "evil"?

We urgently need to answer questions about the play by A.P. Chekhov's "The Cherry Orchard"

1. What for
comes from Paris to his estate
Ranevskaya? Why on the day of arrival at the house
turn out to be Lopakhin, Petya Trofimov,
Squeak?
2. Why
everyone feels awkward after the monologue
Gaev, facing the cupboard? Does not pronounce
a similar monologue by Ranevskaya?
3. how
and why Ranevskaya and Gaev react to
Lopakhin's business proposal to break
summer cottages on the site of the cherry orchard?
4. By whom
and why is the ridiculous ball started?
5. Why
Is Lopakhin buying a garden? Actor Leonidov,
the first performer of the role of Lopakhin,
recalled: “When I asked
Chekhov, how to play Lopakhin, he
he answered me: "In yellow boots."
Does this joke answer contain
a clue to Lopakhin's character? Probably,
it is no coincidence that Chekhov mentions yellow
Lopakhin's shoes, creaking boots
Epikhodov, Trofimov's galoshes ...
Comment on Lopakhin's behavior
into action third.
6. Cherry
the garden was bought, its fate was decided back in
third act. Why is it necessary
one more action?
7. IN
the finale of the fourth act connect
all the motives in one chord. What means
knocking an ax on a tree? What means
strange, as if from the sky, sound like
to the sound of a broken string? Why in
the finale appears forgotten in the locked
house of Firs? What value does
Chekhov in Firs's final remark?
8. What
the conflict of the play. Tell us about the "underwater
flow of the play.

1. Who is this description about?

A poor nobleman, who changed many professions - from the Volga barge haule to an actor and a writer, easily unbending horseshoes, he calmly and with impunity passed at any time of the day or night into the most dangerous dens; the artist Repin drew from him one of the Cossacks writing a letter to the Turkish Sultan, and the sculptor Andreev sculpted Taras Bulba from him for a bas-relief on the monument to Gogol,

ANSWER: Gilyarovsky

2. whom A.S. Pushkin in his poems called this:

1) "My first friend, my invaluable friend" - the answer: comrade and friend from the Pushchin Lyceum.
2) "He took Paris, he founded the Lyceum" - answer: Peter 1
3) "My decrepit dove" - \u200b\u200banswer: nanny Arina Rodionovna

4.What kind of Russian writer is it about the work of this passage from the books of Yuri Eikhenwald?

So, all our ingratitude in life is only a prelude to that last comic that falls on our bitter lot at the hour of posthumous reckoning, and even if our images were beautiful now, then exposed naked, trembling and humiliated, we will become the first highest tribunal with “ with crooked faces. "

5. In what work of A.S. Pushkin the line "A hundred years have passed" sounds in the Introduction?
ANSWER: The Bronze Horseman

6. Name the time (century) described in the following works:
1) "Taras Bulba" N.V. Gogol,
2) "Heart of a Dog" by M. A. Bulgakov,
3) "The Last of the Mohicans" by F. Cooper.

7.What is iambic? Give an example.

8. Here is a famous centon - a work composed of various famous poetic passages. Your task is to find out the storchki, what works are listed here and name the author.

In June, in the heat of the Sami, at noon,
Loose sands uphill
Of distant wanderings returning,
They drove the elephant through the streets,
It is known that elephants are a wonder here, -
So crowds of onlookers followed the elephant;
Some kind of chef-literate
I ran from the cook,
Stripes ran from all the yards of dogs,
When suddenly from the gateway
Mischievous Monkey,
A donkey,
Goat
Yes, clubfoot Bear
Started playing a quartet
When there is no agreement in the comrades,
Their business will not go well,
And nothing will come out of him, only flour,
Once a Swan, Cancer and Pike ...

9.In one of the poems, the ancient Greek poet Alcaeus contrasted the singer and the cicada. How did this opposition respond in Lomonosov's poetry? Name the work.

10. What are the pseudonyms of famous writers whose names are presented below:
1) Aurora Dudevin-Geor Sand
2) Samuel Clemens - Mark Twain
3) Jean Baptiste Poquelin-Moliere
4) Henri Beil - Frederic de Stendhal

Please help with tasks! 1) Indicate how the predicate is expressed: a) a noun b) a verb

c) adjective

d) verb + noun

e) verb. + adj.

g) adj. + verb.

f) verb + verb

h) phraseological unit

Suggestions: 1) Yard to meet you; 2) He seemed chatty.; 3) We don't owe you anything.; 4) Distance is not a hindrance for friends; From him everything is like water off a duck's back.

2) Do you need a dash in the sentence: Spring is the beginning of everything.

3) Indicate which members are the highlighted words: (I will write them in capital letters)

a) subject

b) predicate

c) addition

d) definition

e) circumstance

f) is not a member of the proposal

Suggestions: 1) AS A CONSEQUENCE of the rains, the roads were washed away.; 2) He hurried, BECAUSE he was wrong.; 3) A dream come true to SEE Paris.

4) Determine the type of predicate:

a) simple verb

b) compound verb

c) compound nominal

Suggestions: 1) In the heat, I'm glad to wander in a birch grove.

2) He was a jack of all trades

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