Reading how quickly the child began to read fluently. How to learn to read quickly

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What to pay attention to?

You have to constantly work with your child. Pay attention to the following areas:

The development of anticipation (or divination). When an adult reads, he anticipates the following words, phrases, meaning, sees the structure and he has a general vision of the text. The child does not know how to read to such an extent, he recognizes what is printed at the level of syllables and the next word. He has all his strength directed towards this, so he does not understand what he is reading, but you still need to see the subtext, the semantic meaning of each word individually and the entire phrase ...

Development of memory, attention, perception, acceleration of mental operations. Half of the time for learning fast and high-quality reading should be spent precisely on the formation of an intellectual base, and then start working with the text. The point is not to teach the child speed reading, but to speed up mental operations, those very cognitive skills that are cognitive. It is thanks to them that the baby develops in reading, writing, counting, and so on. Keep in mind that these skills do not develop on their own. You can find the corresponding exercises in the articles and.

Formation of interest in reading. To do this, you need to try child. Lack of interest is the result of improper learning, which can kill the desire to go to school and learn something new.

Development of fine motor skills and physical training. Every parent should know. This prepares your baby's hand for writing, forming beautiful handwriting. Exercise for a huge amount. These include all types of creativity, for example, origami, applications, quilling, sewing, modeling, puzzles and so on - the main thing is to find what your baby likes and provide him with all the conditions and opportunities.

It may surprise you, but sports sections, dances, hikes, outdoor games, exercises, walks, and so on are also very important for the development of reading skills.

What can not be done?

How fast? Many parents think that for this they need to be forced to read many pages at a time. But in the end, you run the risk of running into resistance, which can lead to isolation and aggravated by a reluctance to study further. No need to suppress the will of the child!

• short words for those who have just learned (3 and 5 letters) and as many as they can;
• short texts for those who read 30 words, gradually increasing the volume;
• 1-2 pages for those who read 60-80 words, starting from one page and, if the child is not tired, you can give a second one; allow these children to read silently;
• 2-8 pages for those who read more than 120 words, starting with two pages and gradually adding them.

If the school set 10 pages, and for your child this is too much, you can change with him - he reads one page, you read the next, and so on. Thus, you will give him the opportunity to rest, and the process will not cause dislike in him.

How to train a child?

We offer several effective exercises for children of all ages who read at different speeds:

1. Practicing passages

The bottom line is this: we add 30 words to the actual reading speed. That is, if a child reads 30 words, we add 30 more to him, in the end he will work out 60. For those who can overcome 60 words in a minute, we give a text of 90 words and so on. The passage must be read three times in a row. For the first time, the baby is likely to be insecure and slow, in one minute he will not cope with the entire number of words: he will read either half or more, but not to the end. The task is to learn how to overcome this passage to the end in exactly 1 minute. That is, every day you need to read the selected text three times until you manage to hit one minute. Practicing the passage should go aloud, because our goal is to reach 180 words per minute.

2. Reading "Wave"

This exercise is suitable for children who, without straining, read at least 50-60 words per minute or more. First let the child read the text in the normal position, then turn the book 90 degrees - let him read the passage like this, then upside down and finally 180 degrees in relation to it. Start with a few sentences and work your way up to a full page. There is such an interesting indicator - if you let a child read the text upside down, then you can find out his real speed.

3. Reading tables of sounds, syllables, words

This is a very effective exercise for those who read 30-60 words. It helps to move from syllable reading to word by word, speed up the recognition of letters and syllables. Tables need to be read correctly: only in columns, for a while (30 seconds - one table), the results should be written down (in order to track the dynamics), you need to start with one and strive to read three at a time. Make sure that the child pronounces the floor of the column in one breath - this will help work out intonation in the future. You can write the tables yourself or find them in the book by S. G. Zotov “Increasing Reading Speed”.

4. Reading with retelling - 1-2 pages, 4-8 pages

This exercise must be done every day. If it’s really bad, then you can do it yourself, and let the baby retell. First, try to learn to retell in a paragraph, to find its essence. Then go to the full text. At the same time, it is not necessary to force the child to speak in detail from third parties - let him tell in general what the events were, who participated and how it ended.

5. Reasoning text - 12 sentences on a given topic

Usually this exercise is carried out with children in grades 3-4. They are given a certain thought, problem, some statement or question, and the child must discuss in detail on a given topic. Make sure that his sentences are logical, follow each other in a single connection and there are at least 12 of them. Therefore, be sure to give time for reflection - somewhere around 5-10 minutes. In fact, this is a psychological preparation for the oral exam in the future.

Daily Workouts

Let's decide what exercises can be included in daily workouts with a child to teach him to read quickly and efficiently:

1. Tasks for the development of memory, attention, logic, anticipation (mandatory).
2. Work with a passage of 60-80, 120-180 words (required, can be combined with school homework).
3. Reading upside down, sideways (optional).
4. Reading three tables 1-2 times a day (optional).
5. Retelling of small texts (required, can be combined with school homework).
6. Development of fine motor skills (mandatory).

Keep in mind that you should not force your child to exercise if he is tired or sick. You will not get the result, since all the forces of his body will be spent on recovery.

If your schedule allows, then you can do two workouts a day: in the morning and in the evening. And remember: one lesson - operating time, the second - consolidation. Even if you work with your child once a day, the next day there should be a consolidation of the material covered “yesterday”. Do not spend more than 30 minutes in the morning training, and 10-15 minutes in the evening. In the first lesson, try to do everything that is listed above. Secondly, let the child read the passage only once and only one table, and if there is time, you can do a retelling or complete a couple of tasks for the development of memory, attention or motor skills.

Be sure to try this technique with your child and share the results in the comments to the article.

HOW TO TEACH A CHILD TO READ FLUISELY If your child already knows how to read whole phrases tolerably syllable by syllable, we gradually move on to teaching the baby to read fluently. Below are 14 lessons with which you can teach your baby to read fluently, and most importantly - correctly. It is advisable to teach a child of six to seven years of age fluent reading no more than 30 minutes once or twice a day. You can complete these lessons in any order. A day - no more than 4 lessons. LESSON 1 How to develop vigilance in a child Try this task: - In a series of five to six vowels, insert one consonant. Invite the child to find the extra letter. You can change this assignment. - Write down the words in which only one letter is different: whale - cat; juice - bough; wood - weight, etc. The child must answer how the words differ from each other. LESSON 2 Articulation exercises for children These activities help improve pronunciation, promote proper breathing, and help improve speech. Game "make a word from halves" Pick up simple words consisting of two syllables. At least ten words are required for one lesson. Write these words on two cards and ask your child to put the words together correctly. Cards need to be changed constantly. LESSON 3 How to quickly train attention The task is as follows. Your toddler is reading a text in a book. At your command "Stop!" he takes his eyes off the book, closes them and rests. On command "Read!" the child must find the fragment where he paused his reading. LESSON 4 Semantic guess (anticipation) The principle of anticipation - when reading, the child's peripheral vision sees the outline of the next word. From what he read, he concludes what word should be next. To develop a semantic guess, you can do the following exercise with your child. Write words in which either a letter or a syllable is missing. Let the child guess which letters to enter. These activities greatly improve a child's ability to learn to read fluently. LESSON 5 Teach your child to read in parallel You will need two identical texts. Start reading slowly, and let the child read after you, following the lines with your finger. Gradually speed up the pace, but make sure that the baby does not lag behind. LESSON 6 Time Reading Choose a simple text. Record the time (for example, a minute) and let the child read. When the time is up, count how many words the child managed to read in a minute. When reading again, the child will read more words. To develop a clear pronunciation, read tongue twisters with your child. First, read them slowly and in a whisper. Then - confidently and loudly. Make sure that the child clearly pronounces the endings of the words. In the same way, read proverbs and sayings with your child. How to teach a child to read well? The kid must learn to read to himself. When a child reads aloud, the eyes see the text and send a signal to the brain. At the same time, the organs of speech are prepared, and the ears perceive the spoken text. LESSON 7 The stress game Choose a word with several syllables and try with your child to stress each of the syllables. The child must determine which accent is correct. Try to involve your child in the reading process. When reading your favorite fairy tale to him, stop at the most interesting place. Say that you are tired of reading and ask the child to read a short passage of text. LESSON 8 Watch filmstrips This activity is the best way to train the technique of reading. LESSON 9 How to develop a child's field of vision a) Draw a chart. Write one letter in each cell. Invite the child to read them all silently, pointing to the letters with a pencil. You need to read as soon as possible and memorize the sequence of letters. b) Invite the child to read the unfamiliar text to himself. This should be done as quickly as possible and with closed lips. Then ask them to retell what they read. Now you can read the text again, but out loud. Invite your child to read aloud to music. Train your child to read words written in different scripts. LESSON 10 Role-play reading. You need to read the text with different intonations: the bear - in a rough voice, the bunny - in a thin and quiet voice. LESSON 11 To teach your child to read fluently, practice reading upside down. This is how the memorization of integral patterns of letters develops. The child will learn to combine the semantic ending of the word with the letter analysis. Go to this exercise not immediately, but when the child learns to read without errors. Thanks to this exercise, the child will learn to read quickly and correctly. LESSON 12 Find the word game Say any word and invite the child to quickly find it in the text. This is how the ability to see a holistic image of a word is formed and verbal memory develops. LESSON 13 Rhythm exercise While reading an unfamiliar text, the child must tap a certain rhythm with a pencil, which is learned in advance. LESSON 14 A game with consonants. Invite the child to take a breath: and while exhaling, quickly read any set of fifteen consonants. For example: p, t, d, k, w, c, n, d, s, h, x, b, f, f, p. Now you know how to teach a child to read well and fluently. But in any case, do not try to teach a child to read fluently if he is under 6 years old or he is still poorly prepared (does not know all the letters, often pronounces words incorrectly while reading simple text written in large print).

How to teach children to read correctly and fluently in elementary school

Modern man, man of the future cannot live without a book.
Reading in his life is the most important way to climb,

self-improvement, self-education.
Sh. A. Amonashvili

It is impossible to find a teacher in the modern school who would not ask himself this question. In his book "A Conversation with a Young School Principal" V.A. Sukhomlinsky wrote that fluent, normal reading is reading at a pace of 150-300 words per minute. Even if we take the lower number of these recommendations as a basis, i.e. 150 words per minute, then even then the third point of view will not coincide with the first. To find out the validity of certain recommendations, V.N. Zaitsev, who deals with the problem of reading technique, compared the performance of students in grades 6-8 (excellent students, good students, three students) with the reading speed of the same students in the third grade. What turned out? Those who became excellent students read an average of 150 words per minute by the end of the third grade, good students - 120 words per minute, C students - 80-90 words per minute. Therefore, if we want our children to study primarily excellently, we must follow the recommendations of V. A. Sukhomlinsky.

To prevent this problem, you need to start working on developing fluent, conscious and expressive reading skills from grade 1. Systematic work is carried out at certain stages of mastering reading skills:

baby canmemorize letters slowly"by eye" andconfuse similar letters. To form a fluent reading of a lettershould be recognized instantly, while many children need time to recognize it. In this case, reading is impossible.

The letter recognized "by eye" shouldvery quickly correlate with the sound it denotes. Moreover, sheshould be related not to the audible sound, but to the spoken- after all, when reading, a child needs to consistently pronounce sounds.

When readingsounds should be pronounced together. The unit of reading in Russian is the syllable. Children often haveproblems with continuous reading of a syllable - they break sounds in it( RA - R-A ).

The next problem isconfluent reading of the word. The kids go onread in syllables(which can be observed even in high school students). As a result, reading speed and reading comprehension suffer (the meaning of a broken word is difficult to learn).

To read fluently, a child mustsee the whole word. In the future, he needs to cover with his eyes not only a word, but two or more. Because ofinsufficient development of peripheral vision(the child is concentrated on a small fragment - most often a syllable), hecan't move freely through the textand see a sufficient part of it (a word or a combination of words).

Only reading “to oneself” can be considered a full-fledged reading.and "for myself". This is the only way to understand the meaning of what is read. Because children are taught to read aloud, they have difficulty moving on to silent reading. They continuearticulate silentlyor even read in a whisper.

Fortext comprehensionchild shouldknow the words he is reading. If he does not know the meaning of a word, hedoes not "know"evenwith an error-free reading. Now many childreninsufficient vocabulary, as they begin to speak later than the allotted time; besides, they read little.

In order to teach a child to read correctly and fluently, I will use a number of techniques:

Exercise frequency. What matters is not the duration, but the frequency of training exercises. The human memory is arranged in such a way that it is remembered not what is constantly before the eyes, but what flickers: that is, that is not. This is what creates irritation and is remembered. Therefore, if we want to master some skills, bring them to automatism, to the level of skill, then it is better to practice in short portions, but with greater frequency. In this regard, home reading training should be carried out in three to four servings.

Reading before bed is good. The fact is that the last events of the day are recorded by emotional memory, and during those hours when a person sleeps, he is under their impression. Remember, before the children were put to bed, telling him a fairy tale. Vivid impressions of an interesting book before going to bed strengthen the taste for reading.

If the child does not like to read, then a gentle reading regime is necessary. Indeed, if a child does not like to read, this means that he has difficulty reading. In the gentle reading mode, the child reads 1-2 lines and then gets a short rest. This mode is automatically obtained if the child views the filmstrips: I read two lines under the frame, looked at the picture - rested. The next frame - read two lines again, then looked at the picture. This technique is quite suitable for those children who are reluctant to read.

Buzzing reading also gives good results. With the usual method, the teacher interviews no more than 10 students per lesson. In addition, each of them exercises for 1-2 minutes. With “buzzing” reading, when all students read aloud at the same time, in an undertone, so as not to disturb their comrades, each at their own speed for 5 minutes, the time of the simulator increases dramatically.

Collective complex exercises: repeated reading at the pace of a tongue twister, expressive reading with a transition to an unfamiliar part of the text.

a) Multiple reading is carried out in this way. The teacher sets the same amount of time for all children. After the beginning of a new story is read by the teacher and understood by the children, they are invited to start reading and continue it for a minute. After a minute, each student notices to what word he managed to read. This is followed by a second reading of the same passage. At the same time, the student again notices what words he managed to reach, and compares with the first result. An increase in the pace of reading causes positive emotions in schoolchildren, they want to read again. However, one and the same passage should not be read more than three times. It is better to organize the next exercise on the same piece - tongue twisters.

b) Reading at the pace of a tongue twister is intended for the development of the articulatory apparatus, therefore, there are no requirements for expressiveness. But the requirements for clarity of pronunciation, pronunciation of all word endings are increased. The exercise lasts no more than 30 seconds. After this exercise, reading is carried out on the same passage with a transition to an unfamiliar part of the text.

c) Reading with a transition to an unfamiliar part of the text. The students are given the task to read the same passage, but already at the required pace, expressively. The guys read the familiar part to the end, and the teacher does not stop them. They move to an unfamiliar part of the text at the same reading pace. Its capabilities are not enough for a long time, but if three such exercises are carried out daily in reading lessons, then in the end the duration of reading at an increased pace will increase.

8. The game "Tug".

a) The teacher reads aloud, changing the speed of reading. Pupils read aloud, trying to catch up with the teacher.
b) the teacher reads aloud, the children to themselves. The teacher stops and the students continue reading.

9. The game "Head and Tail". The teacher or student begins to read the sentence, the children must quickly find it and continue reading.

10. The game "First and last." Reading the first and last letter in a word, the first and last word on a line, the first and last word in a sentence.

11. A sentence is written on the board, texts are scattered on the table. On a signal, the students look for the given sentence in the texts.

12. "Scan". For 20-30 seconds, students “run through” the text with their eyes in search of important information.

13. Development of a wide field of vision.

a) the teacher calls the letter of the alphabet, the child finds and shows this letter with a finger or a pencil. Practice, let the child remember where each letter is located. Measure the time spent finding all the letters of the alphabet.

b) Based on the training on Schulte tables: fixing your eyes on the center of the table, find all the letters of the alphabet. You cannot move your gaze. Eyes are directed to the center! The child first shows the letter with a pencil, and then, looking at the center, finds the letter mentally.

c) the child looks only at the center of the table, trying to see it all, finds the letter “a”, then ab, abc, abcg, etc. Each time the speed of finding the previous letters should increase.

d) Reading the running line

e) Exercise "Diving" After doing breathing exercises to work out the duration of the exhalation, taking a deep breath, read the text on one exhalation until there is enough breath. Stop and mark your stop. Do not force breathing. Repeat 3 times. At the end of the exercise, pay attention to the increase in the number of words with each subsequent reading of this passage.

e) Reading in pairs in a race. One student reads, the other listens and fixes errors and counts the number of words read. Then the students switch roles.

g) Exercise "Lightning" Children sit down in front of the text. On the count of times - the children close their eyes. By touch, they point their finger at the line Two, three, four - they open and try to read as many words as possible. On the count of five, close your eyes. Then there is a discussion about who saw what.

14. Stimulating the desire to read.

Magnetic scale of achievements with photos of readers. The dynamics of students' reading is determined daily.

Reading together with the teacher, then alternately student-teacher and vice versa.

Reading dialogues and short dramatizations with the characters of the works

In order for the child to visually see his growth in mastering the technique of reading, it is necessary to measure the speed of reading more often.

By this time, students are already reading fluently, so conscious reading appears. I work on the expressiveness of reading in the notebooks “Learning to read expressively”.

Technology 1 - ZHIGSO strategy (the desire to individually speak, create, shape their thoughts) Students are divided into groups and each group receives a task.

Group 1 - choose words from the text that will help describe the character of a positive hero

Group 2 - pick up words describing the negative hero

Group 3 - find words in the text describing the landscape.

2. One of the most commonly used in reading lessons is the "Insert" method (critical thinking technology). This method is well known to many as the "litter method", but is not always carried through to the end. In the margins of the textbook, children make notes with a pencil, answering the questions:

1) I know (+)

2) I don't know (-)

3) Liked (!)

4) I didn't understand (?)

So, the whole text is read, and marks are made. Then the children are divided into groups and prepare oral or written answers to one of these questions (as assigned), group 11 - I knew, group 2 - did not know, etc. Working groups are formed before the end of the academic quarter. Each group has its own passport, which notes the work of the group: the speaker's assessment and the schedule of duty commanders. The duty commander manages the order of work in the group and appoints a speaker from the group members who were not previously involved in this work. Thus, during the academic quarter, everyone has time to be both a speaker and a duty commander. If there is not enough study time, the card is filled in the next quarter and only then a new group is formed.

3. Lessons with elements of "dramatization" in the study of fables, fairy tales.

3. Five line technology

1 line - 1 noun (about the hero)

2 line - 2 adjectives (his qualities)

Line 3 - 3 verbs (its characteristic properties)

4 line - 4 words - phrase

5 - line - 1 word - synonym for the first word

Line 6 - a sentence that contains the meaning of the work.

4. Technique "RAFT" - role-playing activation of fantasy and creativity.

P - the role that we will portray;

And - the audience - for whom?

F - form - how? (conversation, dialogue, monologue, fairy tale)

T - topic - what we will talk about

Mandatory in the lessons of literary reading creative, role-playing retelling.

The use of developmental learning methods - the association method, the Brainstorming method, the forecasting method - helps students develop the ability to search, choose, systematize, analyze, that is, to delve deeper into the read work. Students understand the importance of reading quickly and deliberately in order to answer all the questions posed.

All these techniques and technologies increase students' interest in the lesson, work with text, improve reader interest, reading technique.

Literature:

"The use of new pedagogical technologies in teaching students to read" Bogatyreva Elena Mikhailovna, primary school teacher Novoselskaya secondary school, district G. Musrepova, North Kazakhstan region

"How to teach children in elementary school to read fluently" Chemerikina Galina Alexandrovna, primary school teacher, assistant director for water resources management, secondary school No. 3 named after V.N. Shchegolev ZATO Svetly, Saratov region

"Formation of reading skills in elementary school" Kozlova G.R.

Salnikova T. P. Methods of teaching reading. - M., 2000

Many of us still remember that same blue primer with a big bright letter "A" on the cover. Thanks to this book, millions of children quickly learned to read. Time has passed, and now these children have matured and become parents themselves. But now they are already do not refer to the same book by which they themselves once learned to read. Today, there are so many methods for teaching children to read that you can easily get confused - what to choose in order to quickly teach a child to read and, most importantly, correctly. Tyulenev's technique designed to teach kids almost from the cradle, Zaitsev cubes and rough Mary Montessori letters promise miracles in learning. Young parents rush between all these ways, and with them - and their child.

And yet, how to teach a child to read , which method to give preference to, when to start training and with what? These questions concern many young fathers and mothers. But few of them think about to learn letters and be able to put them into words and phrases with offers is not the most important thing.

Now very fashionable early development of babies . As soon as the child is one year old, they already begin to teach him to read and count. But it has already been proven that this is fraught with consequences for the emerging psyche of children. The belief that the sooner a child’s education is started, the better, is wrong. According to neurologists, parents aspiring to very early learning may harm your baby.

Let's see how the formation of the child occurs.

- FROM early pregnancy and up to three years, the first functional block of the brain is formed, which is responsible for the emotional, cognitive and bodily perception of the child.

At the age of three and up to five years - eight years, the second functional block of the brain is formed. It governs perception: sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch.

According to ophthalmologists, early childhood education reading is fraught with consequences for the eyes - myopia may develop from premature visual stress. Experts do not recommend learning to read before the age of five or six. Before this age, the formation of the ciliary muscle, which is responsible for visual acuity, occurs.

The development of the child's conscious mental activity occurs between the ages of seven and fifteen.

The functional blocks of the brain are formed sequentially. All attempts by parents to "jump" any of the stages will negatively affect the development of natural processes. that occur in the child's body at one time or another. There is simply a distortion in the natural development of the baby. Consequences of Early Childhood Education may not appear immediately. That is what they are fraught with. Years later, this can affect the emotional and personal relationships with people. And it can also result in an unpredictable form: stuttering, tics, neurosis, various speech disorders and obsessive movements.

How to determine that physiologically the child is ready to learn to read?

- the child has formed a speech, he can speak in sentences and compose a coherent story;

The child does not have speech disorders . And here we mean not only the correct pronunciation of individual sounds, but also violations of the rhythm and melody of speech;

The child is well oriented in space, not getting confused in the concepts of top and bottom, right - left;

The phonemic hearing of the child is quite developed - he easily recognizes the sound not only at the beginning of the word, but also in its middle part and at the end of the word.

How to teach a child to read so as not to cause tears, reproaches and resentment? This question is often asked by parents of future first-graders. Of course, you can stop at the usual method for everyone. It comes down to daily monotonous activities, during which the child learns to write hooks and sticks. and also reads the primer. But all moms and dads know that such activities bring boredom, fatigue and irritation, the child does not learn to read thoughtfully. As a result, a reluctance to study develops. And although the child will receive certain knowledge and skills, such training is unlikely to become for him a good school for the development of feelings and emotions, as well as a means of learning about the world around him and himself in it. For learning to become fun game and turned it into a collaborative creative process children and adults, so that the child learns to read correctly and quickly, choose a different path.

Just like babies learn to understand spoken language they must learn to read words and sentences. But the most important thing is that it is quite real and the facts confirm it.

Scientists have proven that the eye sees but is not aware of what it sees; The ear perceives sound, but does not understand what it hears. The whole process of understanding this happens purely in the brain.

When we hear a spoken word or sentence, the sounds are split into multiple electrochemical impulses that are sent to the brain. Our brain connects all these impulses together and perceives their meaning and meaning. A similar action occurs with vision. Our eyes see what is written, but do not understand it. The brain does not see what is written, but understands it.

Visual and auditory endings are passed through the brain, which processes the information received. In the event that the baby would have to own only one of the many skills, then the ability to read would undoubtedly become such a skill. . It is it that is the basis of all types of standard, formal and non-formal education.

How to quickly teach a child to read so that he does not get tired and does not lose interest? Exercise regularly, but not for long. For the first lessons, five to ten minutes will be enough. Gradually, this time can be increased to thirty minutes. Practice as a game - the child should be easy, interesting and not bored.

Before proceeding with the reading technique, learn all the letters with your baby. Cubes will help a lot with this. The pictures drawn on them will help you recognize the subject and associate it with the letter. Teach your baby to name the letters correctly: watermelon - "A", house - "D", etc. Play a game with your baby - ask him to find the letter "A". At the same time, do not rush to give hints. The child must learn on his own find the right cube. If he can't, he needs help.

You can see with modern methods of teaching preschoolers to read correctly by clicking on the link - EXPAND THE PAGE . 10 important tips to help you teach your child to read correctly:

TIP 1

What method of teaching reading to follow ? When teaching your child to read in syllables, give preference to the usual primer, which was compiled by K. Zhukova. This book is an effective helper for a child who is learning to understand how to put letters into syllables, syllables into words, and these words into whole sentences. There are few pictures in the book, but they are quite enough so that the child is not bored.

TIP 2

In which sequences to learn vowels and consonants. First, we teach the child open vowels - A, O, U, E, Y. Now you can proceed to hard consonants - M, N. But make sure that the child pronounces them correctly: not “em”, and not “me”, but simply “m”. The next in line are deaf and hissing sounds: Ш, С, etc.

TIP 3

Do not forget to repeat the material of the previous lesson with the child at each lesson. Remember together what sounds you learned in the last lesson. By consolidating the material covered, you will help develop a competent reading mechanism in your child.

TIP 4

Take a look at the primer. Show your baby how the first letter of the syllable "m" hurries to the second letter "a". Explain to the child that this is how it should be pronounced: m-m-ma-a-a - m-m-ma-a-a. In such an accessible form, the child understands that one letter runs to another. As a result, they speak together, without separating from each other.

TIP 5

Now let's start learning simple syllables. To easily teach a child to read, you need to start with simple syllables, in which there are only two letters: ma, la, ra, mu, mo. The kid must master and understand how two letters form a syllable. It is important for him to master the mechanism of reading by syllables. After he understands this, he will easily learn to read more difficult syllables - with deaf and hissing consonants: shi, yes, in, etc.

TIP 6

You can start learning more complex syllables. Do not rush to read words or books. Give your child a better understanding of the mechanism of reading by syllables. Just complicate the task - read with him syllables that begin with a vowel: am, av, he, y.

TIP 7

After all the syllables have been mastered, we start reading the simplest words: “ma - ma”, “ra - ma”, “we - lo”.

TIP 8

How easy is it to teach a child to read by syllables? Be sure to teach your child to pronounce syllables correctly. This is a guarantee that he will learn to read well. Note. According to one of the methods, teachers and educators in kindergartens teach children to sing syllables. Kids quickly get used to it and sing syllables constantly in one breath. However, they do not make any pauses between words. Some kids get so carried away that they sing the entire paragraph without respecting the punctuation marks - periods, exclamation marks and question marks. If you decide to teach your child to read, do it well. No need to let the child sing everything. Pay attention to him pause between words especially between sentences. Teach your child to this order: sang the word - pause, sang the second - pause. In the future, he himself will learn to shorten the pauses. But at the beginning of training, it is simply necessary to do them.

TIP 9

What is the best age to teach a child to read? Do not get ahead of events. At the age of three or four, it is unlikely that your child will be interested in poring over books, learning to read and putting letters into syllables. At this age, it is definitely too early to start learning to read. The only exceptions are those cases when the child himself unequivocally shows a desire for this.

But at the age of five and six, children must be engaged so that they can read and write words in block letters. Those children who go to kindergarten are taught this by educators. If your baby does not attend kindergarten, you will have to deal with the child. Let this responsibility be at least partially taken over by the grandmother or grandfather. As a last resort, hire a tutor. This is necessary because modern methods assume that the child will come to the first grade already prepared and reading in syllables. This is also important from a psychological point of view. If you teach your child to read before school, in first grade it will be easy for him read and the first stress of school can be avoided.

TIP 10

To quickly and correctly teach your child to read by syllables, turn learning into a game . Do not force your child to expressive or fluent reading. It is much more important that he independently be able to put letters into syllables, read them in a book, and be able to compose words, phrases and sentences. He just needs to master the technique of reading. It does not matter if at first it will be slow and difficult for the baby. Keeping calm, smoothly and quietly help him correct mistakes while reading. Let it be like a game. After all, in the game you can relax without getting stressed. In the process of learning to read, it is necessary to ensure that the baby, without straining, understands what the elders want from him.

If you follow these tips, you will be able to teach your baby to read quite tolerably in a month and a half.

If your child already knows how to read whole phrases tolerably in syllables, we gradually move on to teaching the baby fluent reading. Below are 14 lessons with which you can teach your baby to read fluently, and most importantly - correctly. It is advisable to teach a child of six to seven years of age fluent reading no more than 30 minutes once or twice a day. You can complete these lessons in any order. A day - no more than 4 lessons.

LESSON 1

How to develop vigilance in a child

Try this task:

In a row of five to six vowels, insert one consonant. Invite the child to find the extra letter. You can change this assignment.

Write out the words in which only one letter is different: whale - cat; juice - bough; wood - weight, etc. The child must answer how the words differ from each other.

LESSON 2

Gymnastics that develops articulation in a child

These exercises help improve pronunciation, promote proper breathing. and help you speak more clearly.

The game "fold the word from the halves"

Pick up simple words consisting of two syllables. At least ten words are required for one lesson. Write these words on two cards and ask your child to put the words together correctly. Cards need to be changed constantly.

LESSON 3

How to quickly train attention

The task is as follows. Your toddler is reading a text in a book. At your command "Stop!" he takes his eyes off the book, closes them and rests. On command "Read!" the child must find the fragment where he paused his reading.

LESSON 4

Semantic guess (anticipation)

The principle of anticipation - when reading, the peripheral vision of the child sees the outline of the next word. From what he read, he concludes what word should be next.

To develop a semantic guess, you can do the following exercise with your child. Write words in which either a letter or a syllable is missing. Let the child guess which letters to enter . These activities greatly improve a child's ability to learn to read fluently.

LESSON 5

Teach your child how to read

You will need two identical texts. Start reading slowly, and let the child read after you, following the lines with your finger. Gradually speed up the pace, but make sure that the baby does not lag behind.

LESSON 6

Reading for time

Choose simple text. Record the time (for example, a minute) and let the child read. When the time is up, count how many words the child managed to read in a minute. When reading again, the child will read more words.

For development . First, read them slowly and in a whisper. Then - confidently and loudly. Make sure that the child clearly pronounces the endings of the words. In the same way, read proverbs and sayings with your child.

How to teach a child to read well? The kid must learn to read to himself. When a child reads aloud, the eyes see the text and send a signal to the brain. At the same time, the organs of speech are prepared, and the ears perceive the spoken text.

LESSON 7

The game "make an accent"

Choose a word with several syllables and try with your child to stress each of the syllables. The child must determine which accent is correct.

Try to involve your child in the reading process. When reading your favorite fairy tale to him, stop at the most interesting place. Say that you are tired of reading and ask the child to read a short passage of text.

LESSON 8

See filmstrips

This lesson is the best way to train reading technique.

LESSON 9

How to develop a child's field of vision

a) Draw a table. Write one letter in each cell. Invite the child to read them all silently, pointing to the letters with a pencil. You need to read as soon as possible and memorize the sequence of letters.

b) Invite the child to read the unfamiliar text to himself . This should be done as quickly as possible and with closed lips. Then offer to retell what you read . Now you can read the text again, but out loud.

LESSON 10

Role-play reading.

LESSON 11

To teach your child to read fluently, read upside down. This is how the memorization of integral patterns of letters develops. The child will learn to combine the semantic ending of the word with the letter analysis. Go to this exercise not immediately, but when the child learns to read without errors. Thanks to this exercise, the child will learn to read quickly and correctly.

LESSON 12

Find the word game

Say any word and invite the child to quickly find it in the text. This is how the ability to see a holistic image of a word is formed and verbal memory develops.

LESSON 13

rhythmic exercise

While reading an unfamiliar text, the child must tap a certain rhythm with a pencil, which is learned in advance.

LESSON 14

Consonant game.

Invite the child to take a breath: and while exhaling, quickly read any set of fifteen consonants. For example: r, t, e, k, w, c, n, d, s, h, x, b, f, f, p .

Now you know how to teach your child to read well and fluently. But in no case should you try to teach your child to read fluently. , if he is under 6 years old or he is still poorly prepared (does not know all the letters, often pronounces words incorrectly while reading simple text written in large print).

HOW YOU CAN CORRECTLY TEACH A 5 YEARS CHILD TO READ

You have passed the stage of learning the alphabet with your child. He can easily find a given letter in the text. It's time to move on to the next stage - learning to read. How to teach a five-year-old child to read?

Your next task will be teach a 5 year old child to read syllables. Start by connecting two letters - a consonant and a vowel. Explain to the child that they should sound together. While walking with a child, or doing household chores, in a playful way, lay out simple words into syllables with your baby. Make flashcards with letters to make syllables easier to read.

At this stage, it is necessary that a child of 5 years old master the technique of folding syllables from letters. If you studied letters in the alphabet or with the help of cubes, now you need to have no pictures - they distract the child's attention.

How to teach a five-year-old child to read? Turn the learning process into a game. Write letters on a piece of paper, print them on a computer, draw them with paints on whatman paper that hangs on the wall. And you can write letters on the groats, poured in a thin layer on a tray.

Associative games help a lot. During the walk, pay attention to the surrounding objects, their outlines resembling letters. For example: a television antenna on the roof resembles the letter “t”, a satellite dish resembles the letter “o”, a lamppost resembles the letter “a”, etc.

It is better to start teaching a 5-year-old child to read with short three-letter words - cat, nose, garden, etc. Words with paired syllables will help a child quickly learn to read: pa - pa, ma - ma, ba - ba. It is very good to read the words in a singsong voice. When the child reads the word, ask him what letters it consists of. Help him if he wants to.

How to teach a five-year-old kid to read sentences from familiar words? It is important that the sentences are not long and complex. If next to the sentence there is a picture of what it says, it will be easier for the child to understand that he did not work in vain and read the sentence correctly. He will experience the joy of doing it on his own.

After you have mastered reading syllables with your baby, you can begin to read simple words and simple sentences. To do this, you will need small children's books with poems and stories. . How to quickly teach a child to read poetry?

Reading with a 5 year old child small poems, not only the technique of reading will develop. Such activities contribute to the development of the child's memory and logic of thinking. A prerequisite is the presence of a picture next to each rhyme . It should depict the event that is mentioned in the rhyme.

Here is an example of such a rhyme: “we cooked soup soup, from pearl barley cereals, but it turned out to be porridge, then our grief.” Before you start reading the rhyme , ask the baby who is shown in the picture, what he is doing, and what is nearby, etc. Then, after reading the first line, repeat it with your child. After reading the second line, repeat two lines already. Usually kids love these books and enjoy reading them. And even with remember poems by heart . The kid will experience great pride, reading poems one of your guests. Sometimes the child cannot remember some incomprehensible or difficult words for his perception. Do not rush to suggest in this case. Remind him that he is already big and can handle it on his own. This will help a 5-year-old child to cheer up, and he can easily read a complex word and continuation of the rhyme. Read new rhymes with your child everyday. Be sure to repeat the old ones. And when guests come to you, ask the baby read your favorite poems - he will do it with great pleasure.

When the child knows the letters well enough, feel free to move on to composing and reading syllables. This important milestone in your child's development should not be underestimated. Clearly explain to the child how to connect the letters correctly. Turn an activity into a game . Letters-magnets will help you with this. Move them with your child and read aloud. Ideally, this stage should be completed at the age of four. In extreme cases - at the age of five.

And if you missed this moment - how to teach a child to read at age 6? If you see that the child is not prepared for school, take your time. Let him stay at home. And you take good care of him. After all, it's never too late to start learning. Don't panic. Not all children can read at the age of six.

How to teach a 6 year old to read? The teaching methodology is quite simple. You need books with colorful pictures in which all the words are written in syllables. But keep in mind that you do not have much time for training. With the right approach to classes, you can teach your daughter or son to read well in six months, a maximum of a year.

Here it is important to understand that reading for a child of 6 years old should not be a tedious obligation. It must be his favorite pastime. If the child himself strives to read, your classes will be much more fruitful. They will become interesting and exciting. Therefore, your task is to develop a child's interest in reading. Turn classes into a game, come up with a variety of ways to learn , teach your child to read games online. And in no case should you scold the child when something does not work out. This can push the child away from classes, and reading will be associated with punishment.

Reading sessions should be regular. Practice with your baby for at least an hour a day. But this must be done with his consent. The first books of the child should arouse his interest so that he strives to read them every day. Having learned to read before school, your child will feel confident against the background of the rest of the students.

Start reading small poems with a child of 6 years old . You can move on to reading fairy tales later. After all, at first it will be difficult for the baby to master a large amount of information. Be sure to ask your child to tell you about what he has read. It is useful for the development of the memory of a 6-year-old child. Plus, it will positively affect the development of the personal qualities of your baby. It is very important during training to praise the child for his achievements, no matter how small they are. This will contribute not only to the rapid development of reading techniques - your child will feel more confident and believe in himself. After all, the child needs your affection and love so much!

It is almost impossible to overestimate the importance of knowing English in our time. Many parents are well aware that teaching a child to read English - it is simply necessary. Firstly, such classes will help prepare the child for school. Secondly, they will fill in possible gaps in the school curriculum. And thirdly, it will definitely come in handy for a child when mastering a computer.

Each of the parents has certain knowledge in the field of English . But not everyone knows how to use this knowledge to pass it on to their own child.

How easy is it to teach your child to read in English? Do not rush to learn the English alphabet with your child . You can confuse the child with this. But there are situations when a child has learned the name of the letters, but does not know how to read - very often this is observed among schoolchildren. We'll fix it. You need to clearly explain to the baby the difference between the names of the letters and their pronunciation.

How to quickly master the technique of reading in English for a child ? This question is asked not only by mothers who have basic knowledge of the language, but also by young teachers. The main condition for this is a positive attitude towards learning and positive motivation. It is important to convince the child that reading is very interesting. Purchase books for children in english with bright and colorful illustrations. Explain to your child that if he learns to read, he will be able to read these books himself, which will pleasantly surprise his father, mother, grandparents.

Before moving on to learning, watch films in English with your child without translation. The child must hear how English is spoken. Buy your child a book with expressive pictures that will help and facilitate language learning. It has already been observed that children learn English quite quickly, even without being able to speak Russian properly. This is due to the fact that children easily perceive new information.

Start learning English by reading the alphabet . Follow the correct pronunciation. Choose a few simple words and say them together. Conduct classes in the form of a game - so the child will be better involved in the learning process.

How easy is it to teach a child to read English by syllables? When the baby learns to distinguish letters, start adding syllables. It is very good to teach a child with plasticine letters. Sculpt them with your child. So he will better remember not only their pronunciation, but also how they look. Invite the child to collect a word familiar to him from plasticine letters. If he made a mistake, calmly explain to the child what it is. Do not scold the baby, help him and constantly praise him. He will try even harder. After all, your opinion is very important to him.

Such a game will help very well in mastering the English language: take sheets of clean paper and write the pronunciation of letters on them with markers. Spread the sheets around the house. A game with associations will also help teach a child to read in English - go to the table and say its English name. Each time, passing by, the child will remember the English word. This will greatly speed up the process of mastering the language.

You will definitely need children's books in English. It is desirable that they have a lot of pictures, and the texts are simple for the child to master. Read texts need to be translated together so that the child quickly remembers the meaning of words.

It is not enough to say: I want to teach my child to read in English. It is important to know the sequence of training.

- Starting classes in English, learn the alphabet;

Explain to your child that in English one letter can mean different sounds;

Read words with an open syllable with your baby: bite, name, Pete, etc .;

Then you can learn to read simple English words with a closed syllable: six, map, not, pen, etc.;

Now try to combine the English words of an open and closed syllable; do this while playing with blocks or cards with written letters: you call the word to the baby - he adds it up. So you will train visual and muscle memory;

Try to make simple sentences with your baby;

Now you can make various phrases with your child;

At this stage, you can move on to reading books and listening to audio books with your child;

When a child has mastered the simple rules of reading in English , move on to more complex texts;

If you constantly praise the child even for the smallest achievements, reading in English will become his favorite pastime and the child will be able to quickly learn to read any texts in English.

This article will focus on the system of measures necessary to overcome reading difficulties. This is a very serious problem and it must be addressed comprehensively. Although for a long time the existence of mankind, a huge number of different techniques, technologies, methods have been developed for the formation and improvement of reading skills, for the development of interest in reading, this problem remains relevant at the present stage of development of society. Even with a variety of approaches to solving it, it is sometimes very difficult for both the teacher and the parent to teach a child to read fluently and comprehend what he has read, to develop a constant interest in reading and the need for independent reading, to instill love in him.

And an unresolved problem is a direct path to school failure and failure in general. Unresolved problems will constantly haunt the student, causing stress and depression. How they can be avoided or overcome on the pages of our site has already been written, in particular, in the article, and in many articles of the “Extraordinary Reading” category of the “For Parents” section, some ways to improve reading technique, methods of forming interest in reading and the need for in independent reading.

There are many reasons why a 4th or 5th grade student, and possibly even an older student, reads in syllables. In order to identify them and determine the nature of the difficulties that the child has, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary examination of the student's reading skills, taking into account his age, individual typological characteristics, as well as reading abilities. We will not go into this very serious topic now, but will offer some general techniques that will help the student overcome reading difficulties.
To learn how to read fluently, one must, firstly, try to perceive the words as a whole (this will be discussed later), and secondly, use as many mental operations as possible in the work.

Here, for example, is an effective technique developed by a methodologist, educational psychologist and teacher of logic Popova Tatyana Arkadyevna. The algorithm is this.
Read some interesting tongue twisters to the student and ask them to choose one they like. Let him write it very clearly on paper under your dictation in block letters and read it aloud several times. After the child begins to read the sentence clearly and fluently (even if it takes a long time), ask him to say this tongue twister out loud from memory as clearly and quickly as possible (and you should not spare time for this work), and then write it down yourself on a piece of paper so that each word is divided into syllables (it is better to print on white paper so that it can be seen very well). For example:

Pe-re-pe-la and pe-re-sang-ki have five pe-re-pe-lyat.

Patiently and kindly help the child if he can not cope. Then ask them to read this expression slowly at first, then faster and faster. When the sentence is read quickly and clearly, set this work aside for a few minutes and then ask to read it again.
And it is also necessary to do the same first with other tongue twisters, and then with any sentences.

It is useful to perform the following exercises (there are a lot of similar exercises on the Internet):

Offer the child the following text after working with anagrams:

Singing and recitation contribute very well to both the development of speech and the improvement of reading technique. Help the child to be liberated, to feel like an artist.

One should always remember about patience and that abilities are much easier to develop in an emotionally favorable environment. It is very important for a student to constantly feel the psychological support of mentors, hear words of approval, see their friendly faces and realize that he will be accepted by them with any of his individual characteristics and shortcomings. In working with a child, there should always be positive reinforcements, and there should not be any negative ones (prohibitions, censures) at all. Then the student will focus on what needs to be done, and not on the mistakes and failures made, and he will be accompanied by faith in his own strength and success all the time.

All classes should be organized so that the child does not experience violence, but enjoys it.
When working with a child, in no case should you rush. M.M. Bezrukikh constantly warns parents and educators, arguing that "forced learning does not so much increase the pace of activity as slows it down and disrupts the mechanisms of skill formation."

You also need to remember that work to improve reading technique should be carried out not only on reading technique, but also on understanding the content of what is read.

It would be nice to include special warm-ups in the work to improve reading technique. For example, these:
http://festival.1september.ru/articles/500412/

There are various speed reading techniques on the Internet, some of which are useful for working with schoolchildren. Here is a technique based on working with cards. The method of this work is to sequentially show the words written on the card in block letters in large print. This method allows you to significantly increase the speed of reading by eliminating eye movement along the line. In addition, the rapid supply of words helps to suppress the pronunciation of words to oneself, which also increases the speed of reading.

The formation and further development of reading skills should take place in emotionally favorable environment, using methods to develop and stimulate interest in reading, with activities (both school and family) to support and promote reading.

An integral part of this work should be:

• development of attention, memory, imagination, speech, creative abilities;
• education of cognitive interest, independence, diligence, organization of the individual;
• stimulation of the cognitive interest of the student, expanding his horizons;
• the formation of communication skills, etc.

Relevant exercises can be found in all sections of our website.

In order for a student to learn to read fluently and at the same time to delve into the essence of the material read, analyze the text, and even effectively absorb it, it is necessary first to develop a strong interest in reading and a need for it, and then the ability to understand the meaning of textual information, recognize it.

Effective reception, contributing to the development of interest in reading in a younger student - to interrupt the story or reading at the most interesting moment for the child under some pretext and invite him to finish reading on his own. Practice shows that the technique works flawlessly. We specifically come up with stories with exciting situations. Parents, teachers, psychologists, educators print them out and work with them according to the above principle. Look at these stories:,,.

Another technique that also develops the need for reading is to compose and publish your own stories under your own name, for example, on our website, even participate in a competition. The child needs to be told about this opportunity and shown on the site the stories of other students, read one of them with him, and then offer to read the rest on his own, so that the child understands how this is generally done. Here are the stories of schoolchildren who are now taking part in the competition, presented in these articles:,. Most children are involved in this kind of work and read many of the stories on their own. The task of an adult is to help the child find stories appropriate for his age.

Participation in a literary competition will also definitely bear fruit.

Parents and teachers play a huge role in cultivating the culture of reading in schoolchildren. If a person who enjoys authority with a child (and both a parent and a teacher are such among younger students) constantly demonstrates a careful, reverent attitude to books, to reading, sincerely and emotionally expresses admiration, shares his impressions and calls for a discussion of what he has read, then a rare child does not get infected by reading.

The most win-win method of generating interest in reading for a schoolchild of any age - to identify his inclinations and unobtrusively offer him first small stories or articles on a topic of interest to him, and then a larger text and not very tied to his favorite topic.

To form the need for reading, it is necessary for the student to set such tasks and simulate such problem situations, the solution of which he would find on the pages of books first offered by adults and even, perhaps, with the participation of mentors, and then completely independently.

There are cases when the very process of reading causes irritation and sometimes disgust in the student (this happens in mentally healthy children mainly due to serious pedagogical neglect). How can you help these children? Schoolchildren of any age will be interested in the game described in the articles and. To begin with, it is necessary to select a very simple text on a topic of interest to the child and act as shown in the articles. This technique allows you to form not only an interest in reading, but also the ability to understand the meaning of what you read, analyze information and effectively absorb it.
In a similar way, it is much easier to assimilate the educational material of the humanitarian and natural science cycles.